An Autotext List of Terms, Labels & References Used in Language and Translation Studies
(As encoded in Microsoft Word 2003’s default global template [Normal.dot] and Microsoft Word 2007’s default global template [Normal.dotm] developed by Ke Ping; 8000 items by January 1, 2007; over 10000 items by August, 2008, over 11050 items by May, 2022)
Ke Ping
3. Entries made up of more than two words
4. Most frequently used entries
5. The agentive, attributive, adverbial, plural and capitalized forms of a term.. vi
7. Feedback messages and comments in colored underlined font
Labels Used in Translation with Commentary (Annotation Translation) (翻译评注中常用说明标签及编码)
Common Linguistic and Translation Errors: Labels & Codes (常用语言和翻译错误说明标签及编码)
(2.1) Linguistic Problems: Grammatical (gp)
(2.2) Linguistic Problems: Textual (tp)
(2.3) Linguistic Problems: Semantic (sp)
(2.4) Linguistic Problems: Usage (up)
(3.1) Extralinguistic Problems: Logical/Methodological (lmp)
(3.2) Extralinguistic Problems: Factual/Knowledge (fkp)
4. Most Frequently Committed {#elf/f}
Labels and Signposts Used in Corpus Compilation and Lexicography {#sp/s}
Journal article, paged by issue, special issue
Non-English journal article, title translated into English. 265
Non-English journal article, two authors→neja2 / cja2
Article in a supplement to a journal→asj, jsa, josu
Article in an Internet-only journal
Article in an Internet-only newsletter
Non-English conference paper, published in the proceedings→necp, cppp
Conference paper, presented at a meeting but unpublished in the proceedings→cpup, upcp
Non-English newspaper article, no author→nana
Non-English magazine article→cma
News story supplied by a news agency
English book, two authors, edition other than first→enbo2, eb2, enbo3, eb3, book2, book3
Multivolume work, reprinted→mvwr 270
Book section (article, chapter, etc.), in an edited book→bseb, bose
Book section (article, chapter, etc.), in an edited book in press
Book section (chapter), in a named volume in a series→bsvs, vose
Translation of a book→btec, btce
Translation of a book section→bst
Unpublished master's thesis, university outside the United States→umt
Unpublished doctoral dissertation
Dictionary: Commonly used ones
Encyclopedia, entry in: Sample entires
Encyclopedia, entry in: Commonly used ones
Glossary and term bank: Sample entries
Glossary and term bank: Commonly used ones
Brochure or pamphlet→pamp. 290
ERIC Document, either online or in the ERIC microfiche collection→erdo. 291
Government report, available on government agency website, no date
Report from a private organization→rpo
Report from independent researchers→rir
Abstract of a technical report, retrieved from a university website
Unpublished manuscript with a university cited
Unpublished raw data from study, untitled work
Stand-alone document, no author, no date
Document section (article, chapter, etc.) in an Internet document→dsid. 292
Statistical Abstract→stab. 293
Postings on the Internet: Message posted to online forum or discussion group→mpof, mpdg
Postings on the Internet: Message posted to an electronic mailing list
Single episode from a television series
Basic encoding principle:
Shortening long or multi-word terms to five or six letters wherever possible.
Four simple, new encoding rules which were introduced in February, 2012 and followed consistently in encoding new items henceforth:
(1) A one-word term or frequently used word of more than three syllables is encoded with (shortened to) its FIRST TWO LETTERS + the INITIAL LETTER of the NEXT TWO (or THREE) SYLLABLES + the LAST LETTER of the word, e.g. “preconception→prccn”.
(2) A two-word term is encoded with (shortened to) the FIRST TWO LETTERS and the LAST LETTER of the FIRST WORD + the FIRST TWO LETTERS and the LAST LETTER of the SECOND WORD in the term, e.g. “conference interpreter→coeinr”; “community interpreter→coyinr”. {If the code has been assigned to another term, add in syllabic discriminators as used in (1) for the last or first word in the term, e.g. “national language→natnlae,” “natural language→natrlae”. But a short two-word term may be simply encoded with the FIRST TWO LETTERS of the FIRST WORD + the FIRST TWO LETTERS and the LAST LETTER of the SECOND WORD in the term, e.g. “top-notch→tonoh”.}
(3) A three-word term is encoded with (shortened to) the FIRST LETTER of each word in it + the LAST LETTER of the LAST WORD in the term, e.g. “shortcut key combination”→skcn”. {If the code has been assigned to another term, add in syllabic discriminators as used in (1) for the last word in the term, i.e. the term is encoded with (shortened to) the FIRST LETTER of each word in the term + the INITIAL LETTER of the SECOND, THIRD, etc. SYLLABLES of the LAST WORD in the term + the LAST LETTER of the LAST WORD in the term}.
(4) A term made up of four or more words is encoded with (shortened to) the FIRST LETTER of each of its FIRST THREE CONTENT WORDS + the FIRST LETTER of the LAST WORD in the term + the LAST LETTER of the LAST WORD in the term, e.g. “International Computer Archive of Modern and Medieval English（ICAME，国际现代英语及中古英语机储档案库）→icaeh”.
■ A one-word term or frequently used word of more than average length is normally encoded with (shortened to) the first four letters, or (when the code has been assigned to another term,) the first five, six, or seven letters of the term or word, e.g. “formulate→form,” “linguistics→ling ,” “represent→repr,” “terminology→term,” “terminate→termi”.
■ A noun ended with one of the few most frequently used suffixes (each of which has more than 70000 instances of usage as indicated in The Oxford English Dictionary [OED]), i.e. “-age” (99693 instances in OED), “-ation/-ion” (altogether 453238 instances in OED), “-ence/-ance” (altogether 255816 instances in OED), “-ment” (115617 instances in OED), “-ness” (75050 instances in OED), and “-ility/-ty” (altogether 219121 instances in OED), is encoded with the first four, or (when the code has been assigned to another term,) the first five letters of its stem plus the last letter of the suffix, e.g. “acceptability→accey,” “experience→expee,” “experiment→expet,” “explicitation→expln,” “implicitness→implts,” “markedness→marks,” “reportage→repoe”. But if the short form thus derived is too long (with more than five letters), the last letter of the suffixmay be omitted, e.g. “contingence→conting,” “implicitation→implici”.
■ A term formed of a prefix (usually a long one, i.e. one with more than two letters) and a stem is usually encoded with the first two letters of the prefix plus the first two letters of the stem, or (when the code has been assigned to another term,) the first two letters of the prefix plus the first three, four, or five letters of the stem, e.g. “bigram（两词词块）→bigr,” “disambiguate→diam,” “interlanguage→inlang” (given “inla” has been assigned to the term “inclusive language”), “intermarry→inma”.
■ A two-word term is encoded with the first two letters of the first word plus the first two letters of the second word of the term. In cases wherein such code has been assigned to another term, the term is encoded with the first two letters of the first word plus the first two, three, four, or five letters of the second word (and, in rare cases, plus the last letter of the normal short form of the second word), e.g. “accusative case→acca,” “bilingual dictionary→bidi,” “bimodal distribution (二项分布)→bidist,” “code-cracking→cocr,” “community interpreting→coint,” “court interpreting→cointe,” “liaison interpretation→liin”.
■ A term made up of two words linked by a hyphen (-) may also be encoded with the first letter of the first word plus the first two letters and the last letter of the second word of the term, e.g. “non-fiction→nfin,” “neo-Kantian→nkan”.
■ A term made up of three words is usually encoded either with the initial letter of each word in it (with the exception of functional words such as “of,” “for,” “in,” etc) or (especially in cases wherein such code has been assigned to another term) with the initial letter of the first two words in it plus the first two, three, four (… etc.) letters of the last word in it. In rare cases wherein all such combinations of letters have been designated to other terms, the last letter of the last word may be added and repeated on an unlimited basis to encode relevant terms, e.g. “British National Corpus (BNC)→bnc,” “by the way, →btw,” “closest natural equivalent→cne,” “differential-group experiment（分组实验）→dge,” “pure translation studies→pts,” “equivalent English term→eete,” “prescriptive translation studies→ptst,” “truth-conditional semantics→tcss,” “World Asthma Day（世界哮喘日，5月3日）→wada,” “World Animal Day（世界动物日，10月4日）→waday,” “World Teachers’ Day（世界教师日，联合国教科文组织确立，10月5日）→wtdayy”.
■ A term made up of four words or over is encoded with the initial letter of each of the first three words in it plus the initial letter of the last word in it (with the exception of functional words such as “of,” “for,” “in,” etc). In cases wherein the code has been assigned to another term, the term is encoded with the initial letter of the first three words in it plus the first two, three, four, or five letters of the last word in it, e.g. “Association internationale des interprètes de conférence (International Association of Conference Interpreters, AIIC)→aiic,” “International Computer Archive of Modern and Medieval English（ICAME，国际现代英语及中古英语机储档案库）→icae,” “key word in context（KWIC，语境关键词索引）→kwc”.
■ Depending on their frequency of usage, some most frequently used terms are encoded with their familiar abbreviations, or with just two or three (in a few cases merely one) letters, e.g. “Beijing→bj,” “community→com,” “Community→com\,” “communities→coms,” “corpus→cor,” “corpora→corp,” “database→db,” “e-mail→em,” “English language→el,” “Google→go,” “homepage→hp,” “Nanjing→nj,” “Nanjing University→ nu / nju,” “Chinese→c,” “English→e,” “interprete→i,” “interpreting→ig,” “interpretation→in,” “language→l,” “learn→le,” “learner→ler,” “learning→leg,” “linguistics→lin,” “reading→re,” “reader→rer,” “research→res,” “researcher→resr,” “teach→te,” “teacher→ter,” “teaching→teg,” “translate→t,” “translating→tg,” “translation→tn,” “translation studies→ts” “consecutive interpreting→consec,” “simultaneous interpreting→simul / siin,” “international→intl,” “WordSmith Tools→ws,” “referential meaning→rm,” “Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.→jb / jobe”. The following are some most frequently used items:
do not→dn
don’t→dnn
does not→dsn
doesn’t→dsnn
did not→ddn
didn’t→ddnn
have not→hn
haven’t→hnn
has not→hsn
hasn’t→hsnn
had not→hdn
hadn’t→hdnn
will not→wino
won’t→wnn
would not→wono, wdn
wouldn’t→wont, wdnn
easterner→eanr, eastr
easterners→eanrs, eastrs
westerners→wenrs,
westrs
westerner→wenr,
westr
westerners→wenrs, westrs
■ The agentive form of a term is encoded with the normal short form of the relevant verb (phrase) or its cognate noun (phrase) plus the last letter of the agentive suffix (“r,” “t,” etc.), e.g. “administrator→admir,” “excluded receiver→exrer,” “liaison interpreter→liir,” “linguist→lingt,” “applied linguist→aplit,” “knowledge worker→knwor,” “non-literary translator→nltr,” “staff translator→sttrr” (“sttr” has been assigned to “straight translation”), “tight-rope walker→trwr,” “translator→tr”.
■ The attributive ending of a multi-word term (including the “-ing,” “-[e]d,” and “-en” form of a verb) is ignored, so a multi-word term’s attributive form is encoded as though it is a regular multi-word term, e.g. “corpus-based→coba,” “corpus-driven→codr,” “corpus-informed→coin”. The attributive form of a one-word term (including the “-ing,” “-[e]d,” and “-en” form of a verb) is encoded with the normal short form of the term plus the last letter of the attributive ending, e.g, “aforementioned→afmed,” “collateral→colll,” “experimental→expel,” “intralingual→inlil,” “linguistic→lingc,” “successful→succl,” “successive→succe”. In cases wherein a short form thus produced is too long (usually of more than five letters), the last letter of the attributive ending will be omitted, e.g. “collegiate→colleg” (“coll” has been assigned to “collocate,” and “colle,” to “colleague”).
■ I haven’t found a multi-word term’s adverbial form yet. The adverbial form of a one-word term is encoded with the normal short form of the term plus the last letter of the adverbial ending; for example, “hopefully→hopey,” “occasionally→occay” “successfully→succy”. In cases wherein a short form thus produced is too long (usually of more than five letters), the last letter of the attributive ending will be omitted, e.g. “collegially→collegi,” “Collegially→collegi\”.
■ The plural form of a term is encoded with the first four, or (when the code has been assigned to another term,) the first five or six, letters of the term’s normal short form plus an “s”; for example, “Chinese-English dictionaries→ceds,” “corpora→corps,” “bilingual dictionaries→bidis,” “collocates→colls” “colleagues→colles,” “dictionaries→dicts,” “motivatedness→motids,” “Romance languages→rolas / rols,” “running words→ruwos,” “search engines→seens,” “researches→reses,” “researchers→resers,” “slow payers→slpars,” “translation services providers→tsprs”.
■ The capitalized form of a term which is normally written in lower-case letters is encoded with the first four, or (when the code has been assigned to another term,) the first five or six, letters of the term’s normal short form plus a back slash (\), for example, “Accreditation→accrn\,” “Anthologies→anths\,” “corpus→cor\ ,” “Corpora→corp\,” “Linguistics→ling\ / lin\,” “Referential Meaning→rm\,” “Translation Studies→ts\”. In the Building Blocks.dotx. of MS Office 2007, “c” is used instead of the back slash (\).
■ A Greek letter is usually encoded with the English transcription of its pronunciation, e.g. “α→alpha,” “β→beta”. A character from other Latin-based font sets is usually encoded with its closest form in English plus the relevant diacritic, e.g. “ü→u:”. A letter in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is usually encoded with its closest form in English, e.g. “ʊ→u”.
■ The short form of some familiar symbols can be found in the following:
^…→3
(^… {Give source(s).})→3s
^……→33
（^…… {注明出处。}）→33s
{ 。}→4, \
KP: { }→444, \\\
[]→[, 【
→[], 【】
[//] →[[, 【【
{}→], 】
{//} →]], 】】
×→cros
{×} →cros]
√→tick
{√} →tick]
?？→qm, ?, ？
{?} →qm], ?], ？】
{<= .}→zzzz
{<==>^ .?}→zzzzz
―→=
——→--, ――
――→---
——→==
……→..; 。。; 。。。
，→。
。→，
；→，，
·→.
'→’
"→’’
“→“
”→”
~→ˈ
□→#
‘’→',
‘
“”→", », «, ««, « «
“”→‘,‘, “”
‘’→’, ’, ‘’
1 →1
1 →11
()→0
() →00
() →000
()→9
()
→99
() →999
（）→(
（） →((
）→)
《》→<
〈〉→<>, >,《, 》
-→minus
≠≈→neqt, neto, aeqt, aeto, =/
┴→[is comparable to] coysin, coeto, icto
[n.d.].→[n; nd
■→;, ；, squa, sq
■ →;;, ；；, sqsq
■ →;;;, ；；；, sqsqsq
●→circ
● →cici
● →cicici
¿→/, 、, diam, di
¿ →//, 、、, didi
¿ →///, 、、、, dididi
▲→upar
►→riar
©→hear
☼→sun, sunny
☼ →sutab, suntab
Ø→0/
¶ →p
°C→.c, dc, ssdu
°F→.f, df, hsdu
◆[Questions]→[q
◆[Study]→[s
◆[Conclusion]→[c
“→” →>
___a___→aaa
___b___→bbb
___c___→ccc
___d___→ddd
___e___→eee
āáǎàēéěèīíǐìōóǒòūúǔùüǖǘǚǜ→hypy, piyi, pys
ˈ→`
ˌ→,
Different Phonetic Symbols for BrE & AmE (IPA [phonetic transcription of speech sounds of all languages, sponsored by the International Phonetic Association] as developed by Daniel Jones in An English Pronouncing Dictionary (1917) to transcribe standard British English pronunciations (RP)] / K.K. [phonemic transcription of General American pronunciations, developed by John Kenyon and Thomas Knott in A Pronouncing Dictionary of American English (1944)] / Example): Consonants: ց/g/get, n/ṇ/sudden, l/ḷ/middle || Vowels & diphthongs: i:/i/see, i/ɪ/happy, ɪ/ɪ/sit, e/ε/ten, ɑ:/ɑ/father, ɒ/ɑ/got, ɔ:/ɔ/saw, ʊ/U/put, u/U/actual, u:/u/too, ɜ:/ɝ/fur /fɜ:(r)||fɝ/, ə/ɚ/never, eɪ/e/say, əʊ/o/go, oʊ/o/go, aʊ/aU/now, ɪə/ɪr/near, eə/εr/hair, ʊə/Ur/pure Identical Phonetic Symbols for BrE & AmE (IPA & K.K / Example): Consonants: ʧ/chain, ʤ/jam, θ/thin, ð/this, ʃ/shoe, ʒ/vision /`vɪʒn||`vɪʒən/, ŋ/sing || Vowels & diphthongs: ˌˈ, æ/cat, ʌ/cup, ə/about, aɪ/my, ɔɪ/boy (Based on Appendix 9 Pronunciation and phonetic sumbols. In Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary [6th ed.].)→ipa, ipan, ipal, ipac
IPA/K.K/Eg:ˌˈց/g/get, n/ṇ/sudden, l/ḷ/middle, i:/i/see, i/ɪ/happy, ɪ/ɪ/sit, e/ε/ten, ɑ:/ɑ/father, ɒ/ɑ/got, ɔ:/ɔ/saw, ʊ/U/put, u/U/actual, u:/u/too, ɜ:/ɝ/fur /fɜ:(r)||fɝ/, ə/ɚ/never, eɪ/e/say, əʊ/o/go, oʊ/o/go, aʊ/aU/now, ɪə/ɪr/near, eə/εr/hair, ʊə/Ur/pure, ʧ/chain, ʤ/jam, θ/thin, ð/this, ʃ/shoe, ʒ/vision /`vɪʒn||`vɪʒən/, ŋ/sing, æ/cat, ʌ/cup, ə/about, aɪ/my, ɔɪ/boy→ipas, ipa[
ˌˈɑ ɑ: æ ε D ɔ ʌ з з: ə ɚ ɪ ʊ ɫ θ ð ŋ ʃ ʒ eɪ oʊ ʧ dʒ→ipash, ipah, ipah[
h→h
Ä→a:\
Â→a^\
ä→a:
ā→a-
á→a’
ǎ→a6
à→a`
â→a^
:→a
æ→ae
É→e’\
Ë→e:\
Ê→e^\
ë→e:
ē→e-
é→e’
ě→e6
è→e`
ê→e^
ə→er
ɪ→il, ilt, ii
Ï→i:\
ï→i:
ī→i-
í→i’
ǐ→i6, iv, i^^
ì→i`
Î→i^\
î→i^
Ö→o:\
ö→o:
ō→o-
ó→o’
ǒ→o6, ov, o^^
ò→o`
Ô→o^\
ô→o^
ð→xo
Ü→u:\
ü→u:
ǖ→u:-
ǘ→u:’
ǚ→u:6
ǜ→u:`
ū→u-
ú→u’
ǔ→u6
ù→u`
Û→u^\
û→u^
ʊ→u
Ç→c,\
ç→c,
č→c6
ɫ→l~
ʃ→sh
ř→r6
ý→y’
ʒ→333
ŋ→ng, n|
§→section
α→alpha
β→beta
γ→gammað
£→post, pound sterling
€→euro
■ Feedback messages and comments used in marking student’s work and proofreading are defined as “Font color: red; underlined; sentence capitalization”. They are encoded with the first four letters of the normal lower-case short form of the unboldfaced part of a feedback message or comment plus a right bracket (]) (when encoded as an AutoText entry in MS Word 2003’s Normal.dot) or “f” (when encoded as a document building block in MS Word 2007’s Building Blocks.dotx), and often the first four letters of the normal short form of one or more keywords in the feedback message or comment as well. The module “Slips, Mistakes, and Errors in Language Learning and Use: A System of Coded Instructor Feedback” in this document is encoded in this way.
[sic]→si
[原译如此]→yy
1 Key Ghost (一键Ghost)→1kght, 1kg
1 Key Ghost (一键Ghost) 优盘版→1kgu
1 Key Ghost (一键Ghost) 硬盘版→1kgh
A lot of →alo\, alof\
a lot of →alo, alof
a number of →anof
a priori→apri
a priori→aprii
a priori parameter（匹配概率系数）→appar
abandon→aban
abandonment→abant, aband
abbreviate→abbr
abbreviation→abbrn
Abbreviation→abbrn\
abbreviations→abbrns
Abbreviations→abbrns\
Abelard→abel
ablative case→abca
abolition→aboln
aboriginal→aborl
aborigine→abor
about which→abwh
Abraham→abrah
abrasive→abrae
abridged→abrid
abridgement→abrit
abscissa（横坐标）→absc
absolute frequency→abfr
absolute translation→abtr
absolute→absoe, abso
abstract translation→abtra
abstract→abst, abstt
abstracts→abstts
abstracting→abstg
abstraction→abstn
abstractness→absts
abundant→abunt
abusive fidelity→abfiy
abusive translation→abtran, abtn
academic→acadc
Academic→acadc\
Academy→acad\
academic and professional research→aprh
academic and professional researches→aprhs
academic conference→acccoe
academic conferences→acccoes
academic discipline→acdie
academic excellence→acexe
academic language→aclae
academic publisher→acpur
academic publishers→acpurs
academic publishing→acpug
academic research→acreh
Academic research→acreh\
academic researches→acrehs
Academic researches→acres\
academic study→acsty, acst
academic studies→acstys, acsts
academic researches→acrehs, acress
academic work→acwok
academic writing→acwr, acwrg, accwrg
Academic writing→acwr\, acwrg\, accwrg\
academic writings→acwrs, acwrgs, accwrgs
Academic writings→acwrs\, acwrgs\, accwrgs\
accelerator key→acke
accelerator→accer
accentual→accel
acceptability norm→acno
acceptability→accey
acceptable level of quality→alq
acceptable→accee
acceptance→acce, accept
Acceptance→acce\, accept\
accessed→acced
Accessed→acced\
accessibility→accesy
accessible→accese
accidence→accid
accidentally→acciy
accommodate→acco
accommodated→accod
accommodation→accon
Accommodation→acconc
accompany→accom
accomplish→accomp
accomplished translator→actrr
accomplished translators→actrrs
according to →acto
According to →acto\
accordingly→accoy
account for→acfo
accounted for→acfod
accounts for→acfos
account manager→acmar
accountability norm→acnor
accountability→accouy
accountable→accoe
accreditation system→acsy
accreditation→accrn
Accreditation→accrn\
accredited translator→actr
accredited translators→actrs
accredited→accrd
acculturation process→acpro
acculturation→accun
accumulate→accu
accumulation→accum, accumn
accuracy→accu
accurate→accue
accurately→accuy, accuty
accusative case→acca
accustomed→accud
achieve→achi
achievement→achit
achievements→achits
achieving→achig
acknowledge→ackn
acknowledged→ackns
acknowledging→ackng
acknowledgment→acknt
Acknowledgments→ackn\
acknowledgments→acknts\
acoustic phonetics→acph
acoustic→acouc
acquaintance→acque
acquire→acqu
acquisition→acqun
Acquisition→acqun\
acronym→acro
acronyms→acros
action chains→acchs
action predicate→acpr
action theory→acth
activate→acti
activated→actid
activation→actin
active construction→accons
active voice→acvo
actually→actuy
adaptation→adapn
adaptative→adape
adapting→adapg
addition→addi
additional→addil
additional information→adin
additionally→addily
Additionally→addily\
additive→addie
address form→adfo
address forms→adfos
address→addr
addressee→addre
addresses→addres
adequacy of translation→adtran
adequacy→adeqy
adequate→adeqe
adequate translation→adtr
adhere to→adto
adhered to→adtod
adherence→adhee
adhering to→adtog
adjacency pair (in conversation)（相邻对）→adpa
adjacency pairing→adpag
adjacency pairs→adpas
adjacency principle→ajpr
adjacency→adja
adjectival→adjeel
adjectival deictic→addec
adjective phrase→ajphe
adjective→adjee, adj.
adjective-noun→adnon
adjunct（附加式状语）→adju
adjustment→adjut
adjustments in translating→adtrs
adjustments→adjuts
administration→admin
Administration→admin\
administrator→admir
administrators→admirs
admission→admi
Adobe Acrobat→adac
Adobe Photoshop→adph
adulterate→adul
adulterated translation→adtra
adulterated→aduld
advance→adva
advanced→advad, advd
Advanced English-Chinese & Chinese-English Translation→aeccet
advanced search→adse
advancement→advat
Advancement→advat\
advantage→advae
advantageous→advas
advantages→advaes
Advantages→advaes\
advantages→advant
adverbial junction→adjunc
adverbial→adv
adversative→
adversative→advee
advertisement→ad, advet
advertising→adveg
advertize→adve
aerospace→aesp
Aeschylus→aesc
aesthetic effect→aeef
aesthetic function →aefu
aesthetic→aest
aesthetic→aestc
affection→affen
affections→affens
affectionate→affee
Affectionate→affee\
affectionately→affey
Affectionately→affey\
affective meaning→afme
affiliated→affid
affiliation→affin
affirmation of the consequent→afco
affirmative→affie
affixation→affixn
affluence→affe
affricate→affr
aforementioned→afmed, aford
Africa→af
Africa→af
African history→afhiy
afternoon→afno, p.m
afterwords→afwos
Afterwords→afwos\
Agamemnon→agam
agentive case→agca
agentive object→agob
agglutinating language→agla, agl
agglutinative→aggle
aggression→aggr
aggressive→aggre
agreement→agret, agre
Agricultural Bank of China→abc
agricultural→agril
agriculture→agri
Agriculture→agri\
air conditioning→aico
Alabama→alab
alcoholic→alcoc
Alexander the Great→algr
Alexander→alex
Alexandrian→alexn
algorithm→algo
algorithms→algos
Alice in Wonderland→alwl
alien word→alwo
alienate→alie
alienating→alieg
alienation→alien
aligned texts→altes
Alignment→alig\
alignment→aligt
all and only→aao
allegories→alles
allegory→alle
Alliance
français→alfr
alliteration→alli
allomorph→almo
allophone→alph, allo
allophonic→alphc
all-or-nothing→alno
allusion→allu
allusions→allus
Alphabet→alph\
alphabet→alphab
alphabetic writing→alwr
alphabetical→alphl
alphabetically→alphy
alphabetically arranged→alard
alphanumeric→alnuc
alteration→alten
alternative→altee
alternatives→altees
alternative structure→alste
Alternative structure→alste\
alternative structure→alstes
Although →alth\
although →alth
altogether→alto
alveolar lateral→alla
alveolar ridge→alri
ambassador→ambar
ambiguities→ambigs
ambiguity→ambiy, ambi
Ambiguity→ambiy\, ambi\
ambiguous language→amla
ambiguous→ambis, ambs
Ambiguous→ambis\, ambs\
ambiguous phrase→amphe
ambiguous structure→amste
ambilingualism→ambil
ameliorative→amele
amendment→ament
Amendment→ament\
America Online (AOL)→amon, aol
American Bible Society→abs
American English→amen
American Indian→amin
American literature→amnlit, amlie
American Literature→amnlit\, amlie\
American National Association of Judiciary Interpreters and Translators→anat
American National Corpus (ANC)→anc
Open American National Corpus (OANC)→oanc
American Psychological Association (APA)→apa
American Samoa (Capital: Pago-Pago; 美属萨摩亚，首都：帕果帕果)→amsa, meishusamoya
American Sign Language→asla
American Standard Version of the Bible→asvb
American Thanksgiving Day（美国感恩节，11月最后一个星期四）→atd, gej
American Translators Association→ata
American→am
Americans→ams
American Express→amex
American history→amhiy
Amerindian→amin
among others,→amot
ampersand (&)→ampe
ampersand character→amch
amplification→ampln
amplification→ampln
Amplification→ampln\
amplitude of vibration (of a sound)→av
Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.→jb, jobe
Amsterdam→amst
anachronism→anach
analogical form→anfo
analogical→anall
analogous→anals
analogue→analo
analogy→anal
analysis→ana
analytic expression→anex
analytic implication→anim
analytic language→anla
analytic truth→antr
analytic→anac
analytical philosophy→anph
analytical principle→anpri
analytical procedure→anpr
analyzed→anald
analyzing→analg
anaphor→anaph
anaphora→anap
anaphoric reference→anre
anaphoric→anapc
anaphorically→anapy
anarchism→anachi
ancestor language→anlan
anchor words→anwos
ancient→ancit
Ancient→ancit\
ancient China→ancha
ancient Chinese→antche
ancient Babylon→anban
ancient Babylonians→anbans
ancient Babylonian→anban
ancient Egypt→anegt
ancient Egyptians→anegns
ancient Egyptian→anegn
ancient India→anina
ancient Indians→aninns
ancient Indians→aninn
ancient Greece→angre
ancient Greeks→angrks
ancient Greek→angrk
ancient Rome→anroe
ancient Romans→anrons
ancient Roman→anron
Andersen, Hans Christian→ande
angle of vision→anvis
Anglo-American→anam, aamn
Anglo-Norman→annor
Anglophone→anpho
Anglo-Saxon→ansa, asan
Anguilla
(Capital: Valley; 安圭拉[英]，首都：瓦利)→angu, anguila
Anhui Province→anpro
animated GIF→angi
Annapolis→anpo, anna
annotate→anno
annotated
corpora→ancos
annotated
corpus（标注语料库）→anco
annotated file（标注文件）→anfi
annotated→annod
annotation→annon
annotation translation→antrn, anntrn, antn
announce→annou
announcement→annot
annual income→aninc
anonymous→anons
answer→answ
answer book→anbo
answer books→anbos
Answer Book→anbo\
answering machine→anma
antagonism→anta
antagonistic→antac
Antarctic→antar
Antarctica→anar
antecedent→ante, antet
anthologies→anths
Anthologis→anths\
Anthology→anth\
anthology→antho
anthropological linguistics→anli
anthropologist→antht
anthropology→anth
anticipate→anti
anticipated→antid
anticipatory reference→anref
anticipatory→antiy
Anti-fascist→anfa
Antigua and
Barbuda (Capital: St. John’s; 安提瓜和巴布达，首都：圣约翰)→anba, antiguahebabuda
anti-invation→anin, ainn
antiquity→antiqy
anti-smoking→ansm, asmg
anti-terrorist→anter, atet
antithetical parallelism→anpa
anti-virus→anvi, avis
antonym→anto, ant
anything→anthg
apart from→apfr
Apart from→apfr\
apartment→apar
aperiodic pattern→appa
aphorism→aphor
aphorisms→aphos
Aphrodite→aphro
apocalypse→apoc
apocalyptic texts→aptes
apocalyptic→apocc
apologize→apolo
apologizing→apolog
apology→apol
Apostolic
letters→aples
apostrophe→apos
apparatus→appas
apparent→appat
apparently→appay
appeal-focused text→aft
appeal-focused texts (operative texts)→afts
appeasement→appet
appellative function→apfu
appellative→appee
appendices→appes
Appendices→appes\
appendix→appe
Appendix→appe\
applicable→apple
applicability→apply, appli
applicant→applt
applicants→appls
application→appln
Application→appln\, app\
applications→applns, apps
Applications→applns\, apps\
applied linguist→aplit
applied linguists→aplits
Applied linguists→aplits\
applied linguistics→apli
Applied Linguistics→apli\
applied research→apre
applied researches→apres
applied translation studies→ats
Applied Translation Studies→ats\
applied translation→aptr, apt
applied→appld
appointed→appod
appointment→appot
apposition→appon, appo
appositive→appoe
appreciation→appcn
apprentice translators→aptrs
apprentice→appren
approach→appr
Approach→appr\
approaches→apprs
Approaches→apprs\
appropriacy→appry
Appropriacy→appry\
appropriate→appre
Appropriate→appre\
appropriately→apprey
Appropriately→apprey\
appropriateness→appres
appropriation→approp
appropriative translation→aptran
appropriative→appropr
approximate translation→aptra
approximate→approe
approximation→apprn
April Fools’ Day（愚人节，4月1日）→afd
aptitude test→apte
aptitude testing→apteg
Arabian Nights, The→arnis
Arabian→arabn
Arabic→arabc
Aramaic→aramc
arbitrariness→arbis
arbitrary→arbiy
arbitrate→arbi
arbitration→arbin
archaeologist→archat
archaeology→archa
archaic→archc
archaicism→archai
archaizing translation→artran
archbishop→arbish
Archbishop→arbish\
archetypal→artyl
Archimedes→archi
architect→archt
architecture→arche
Architecture→arche\
architectures→arches
architranseme (ATR)→artra
archives（语料档案）→archs
Arctic→arc
Arctic→arct
area of research→arre
area of study→arst
area-restricted→arred, ared
areas of research→arres
Areas of Research→arres\
areas of study→arsts
Areas of study→arsts\
Are there →arth
Argentina→arge
Argentinian→argen
argument→argu
argumentation→argun
argumentative→argue
argumentative→argue
Aristophanes→arist
Aristotelian→arisn
Aristotle’s fallacy of the consequent→afc
Aristotle→aris
Arizona→ariz
Arkansas→arka
Armenian→armen
Arnold, Mathew→arno
arranged→arrad
arrangement→arrat
arrangements→arrats
Arrangement→arrat\
Arrangements→arratsc
articulate→arti
articulation→artin
articulator→artir
Articulator→artir\
articulators→artirs
Articulators→artirs\
articulatory grid→argr
articulatory linguistics→arli
articulatory→artiy, arty
artificial intelligence (AI)→arin,
ai
artificial language→arla
artificial→artil
artificiality（人为状态）→artif
artistic translation→artr
artistic→artic
Arts Council→arco
Aruba (Capital:
Oranjestad; 阿鲁巴[荷]，首都：奥拉涅斯塔德)→arub, aluba
as as possible→axap
as a result of →aaro
as far as →afa
as long as →ala
as soon as →asa
as well as →awa, aswe, awas
ascension→ascen
ascribe→ascre
ascribed→ascred
ascription→ascrn
Asian history→euhiy
Asian Pacific Council→apc
Asia-Pacific→aspac, pacic
aspirated→aspid,aspd
aspiration→aspin, aspi
as possible→aspoe
assertion→assen
assertive→assee
assertiveness→asses
assessed→assed
assessing→asseg
Assessment→asse\
assessment→asset, asses
Assignment→assi\, assit\
assignment→assit
Assignments→assis\, assits\
assignments→assits
assimilate→assi
assimilating→assig
assimilation→assin
Assistant Professor→aspr
Assistant Translator→astr
assistant→assin
Associate Professor→aspr
associate→asso
Associate→asso\
Associated Press →ap
associated→assod
Associated→assod\
Association internationale des interprètes
de conférence (International Association of Conference Interpreters, AIIC)→aiic
association→asson
Association→asson\
associations→assos
associative meaning→asmeg
Associative meaning→asmeg\
associative meanings→asmegs
associative tie→asti
associative→assoe
assonance→assone
assumed familiarity→asfay
assumed source text→ast
assumed translation→astra
assumption→assun, assum
assumptions→assuns, assus
assumptive question→asqun, asqu
assumptive questions→asquns, asqus
assumptive→assue
asyllabic→asylc
asymmetrical→asyml
asymmetry→asym
at present→atpr
Atlantic Monthly→atmon
Atlantic→atlac
atmosphere→atom, atsp
attention→atten
attested data（验证数据）→atda
attitudes→attitudes
attitudinal→attil
attract→attr
attracted→attrd
attracting→attrg
Attracting→attrg\
attractive→attrae
attribute→attr
attributes→attres
attributed→attred
attribution→attrn
attributive→attre, atte
Attribution Theory→atthy, atth
attributive adjective→atad
attributive construction→atco
attributive construction→atcos
attributive phrases→atph
atypical→atypl
Atypical→atypl\
atypical pneumonia→atpn
audience expectations→auexs
audience→audie
audio typist→auty
audio-lingual method→alm
audiolingual→auli
audio-medial text→amt
audio-medial texts→amts
audio-visual translation→avt
audio-visual→auvi, avil
auditory phonetics→auph
auditory→audiy
August→augu
Augustinian→augun
Austen, Jane→auste
Austermühl (2001)→austl
Australia→aust
Australian→austn
Australian history→auhiy
authentic data→auda
authentic language data（真实语言数据）→ald
authentic→authc
Author Index→auin
author-centered→auce, aced
authoritarian→authn
authoritative→authe
authoritativeness→authos
authorities→auths
authority of text→aute
author-reader relationship→arr
authorship→auth
autobiography→aubi
Autobiography→aubi\
automatic alignment（自动对列）→aual
Automatic Language Processing Advisory Committee (ALPAC, 语言自动处理顾问委员会) →alpc, alpac
automatic processing→aupr
automatic tagging（自动赋码）→auta
automatic translation→autr
automatic→autoc
automatically→autoy
automatization in translation→autra
automatization→automn
automobile→auto, aumo
autonomic→autono
Autonomous Region→aure
Autonomous Region→aure
autonomous syntax→ausy
autonomous→autons
Autonomous→autons\
autonomy spectrum→ausp
autonomy→auton
AutoText entry→ate, aueny
AutoText entries→ates, auens
Autotext list→aulit, atla
Autotexts→autes
auto-translation (self translation)→autrn,
atn
auxiliary verbs→auves
auxiliary→auxi, auxiy
availability of texts→avte
availability→avaiy
available→avaie, avai
Available→avaie\, avai\
available from→avfr
Available from→avfr\
avant-garde→avga, agae
average
paragraph length（平均段落长）→apl
average
sentence length（平均句长）→asl
average word
length（平均词长）→awl
average working month→awm
aversion→avern
aviation→avian
Avicenna→avic
Avignon→avig
avoidance
strategy（规避策赂）→avst
avoidance→avoie
babbling→babbg
Bachelor of Arts→baar
Bachelor of Science→basc
back matter→bama
Back Matter→bama\
back transformation→batrn
background information→bain
background sources (≈三次文献, 参考性文献)→baso
background sources (≈三次文献, 参考性文献)→basos
background text→bate
background texts→bates
background→bagr, back
Background→bagr\, back\
background-foreground→bgfg, bafor
backgrounding→bagrg
backsliding→baslg, basl
back-transform→batra, btrm
back-transformd→batrd, btrd
back-translation→batr, btn
Back-translation→batr\, btn\
backwash effect（反拨效应）→baef
backup→bk, baup
Baghdad→bagh
Bahasa Malaysia→bamal
Bahrain (Capital: Manama; 巴林国，首都：麦纳麦)→bahr, balin
Baker, Mona→barmoa
Mona Baker→moba, moabar
Baker (1992)→bake
Bakhtin, Mikhail→bakh
Balinese→Balie
Balkan States→basts
balkanization→balkn
ballpoint pen→bpp
Baltimore→balt
Balzac, Honore de→balz
bandwidth→bawi, badwih
Bangladesh→bang
bank loan→balo
Bank of America→baam, boa
Bank of China→bach, boc
Bank of China, Macao→bocm
Bank of Communications→bacom
Bank of English (BoE)→baen, be
Bantu languages→balas
Barbados (Capital: Bridgetown; 巴巴多斯，首都：布里奇顿)→barb, babaduosi
Barkhudarov→bark
Baroque→bart
Barthes, Roland→barth
Bartolomeo→bart
Base Component (in TG)→baco
base form→bafo
base morpheme→bamo
base text→batex
based on →baon
Based on →baon\
basically→basiy
basketball→baba
Bassnett, Susan→bass, suba
Bastian→bastn
Baudelaire, Charles→baud
beautiful→beaul, beal
because →beca
because of →beof, beoff
Because of →beof\, beoff\
Beckett, Samuel→beck
Beethoven, Ludwig van→beet
beginner→begir, begr
beginning→begig
beginnings→begigs
behavior→beha, beh
behavioral meaning→beme
behaviorism→behav
behaviorist learning theory→blth
behaviorist psychology→beps
behaviorist→behat
behavioristic→ behac
behavioural distribution curve→bdce
behavioural routines→beros
behavioural→behal
behaviourist approach→beap
Beijing Foreign Studies University→bfsu
Beijing Municipality→bemu
Beijing Foreign Studies University (北京外国语学院)→bufs, bfsu, bawai
Beijing Normal University (北京师范大学)→bnu, bsda
Beijing→bj
Belfast→belf
Belize (Capital: Belmopan; 伯利兹，首都：贝尔莫潘)→beli, bolizi
belles infidèles→bein
belles lettres→beles
belligerent→bellt
beneficiary→bene
benefit from →befrm
benefited from →befrd
benefiting from →befrg
Bengali→beng
Benjamin, Walter→benj, wabe
Beowulf→beow
Berne Convention→beco
best practice→betpre
Best Practice→betpre\
best practice research→bpr
between→bt, betw
Bible translation→bitr, bit
Bible translations→bitrs
Bible translators→bitrrs
Biblical passage→bipa
Biblical passages→bipas
Biblical writers→biwrs
biblical→bibll
bibliographic information→biin
bibliographic→bigrc
bibliographical database→bida
bibliographical→bigrl
Bibliography→bigr\
bibliography→bigrap
biculturalism→bicu
bidirectional corpora→bicors
bidirectional corpus→bicor
bidirectional→bidil
bidirectionality→bidiy
bigram（两词词块）→bigr
bilabial→bilal
bilateral communication→bicon
bilateral interpreting (liaison
interpretating)→biint
bilingual corpora (parallel corpora)→bicos
bilingual
corpus（双语语料库）→bico
bilingual dictionaries→bidis
bilingual dictionary→bidi
bilingual education→bied
bilingual language teaching→blt
bilingual lexicography→biley
Bilingual Lexicography→biley\
bilingual lexicographer→biler
bilingual lexicographers→bilers
bilingual service→bise
bilingual→bilil
Bilingual→bilil\
bilingualism→bili
bilinguals→bilins
billable time→biti
bimodal distribution（二项分布）→bidist
binary feature→bife
binary file
transfer（BFT，二进制文件传送）→bft
binary file→bifi
binary opposition→biop
binary values→bivas
Binghamton→bingh
binomials→binos
biography→bigra
Biography→bigra\
biological→bioll
biologist→biolt
biology→biol
Birmingham Collection of English Texts（伯明翰英语文汇）→bcet
Birmingham→birm
Bismarck→bism
bi-text→bite, btet
bits per second→bps
Black Africa→blaf
black box→blbo
black English→blen, ble
Blake, William→blak
blank verse→blve
blasphemous→blass
blasphemy→blas
Bloomfield, Leonard→blfi
blossom→blos
board game→bogae
board games→bogaes
boarding school→bosc
Boccaccio, Giovanni→bocc
body language→bola, bol
body text→bote, botet
body text paragraph→btph, btpa
body text paragraphs→btps, btphs, btpas
boldface→bofa, bfa
Boldface→bofa\
Bolshevik→bolsk
Bolsheviks→bolsks
book gazette→bokgae
Book Gazette→bokgae\
book review→borew
book reviews→borews
bookmark→boma
bookmarking→bomag
Books of Moses→bomos
bookshelf→bosh
bookshelves→boshs
Boolean operator→boopr
Boolean operators→booprs
borrowing→borrg, borr
borrowings→borrs
Boston University→bouni
bottom-up process→bopr, bup
bottom-up→boup
bound collocation（粘着性搭配）→boco
bound form→bofo
bound morpheme→bomo
boundaries→bouns
boundary→boun
bourgeois→bour
bourgeoisie→boure
bowdlerize→bowd
brainstorm→brst
brainstorming→brstg
Brazilian→brazn
Brazilian→brazn
breakdown→brdo
breakthrough→brth
Breton-Celtic→brcec, bcec
bridging→bridg
brightness→brigs
bring down→brdon
Britannia→brit
Britannica on CD (BCD)→bcd
British→br
British→briti
British Council→brco
British English→bren, bre
British history→brhiy
British literature→brhlit, brlie
British Literature→brhlit\, brlie\
British National Corpus (BNC)→bnc
British National Corpus online→bnco
British Sign Language→bsl
broadband→brba
broader context→brcot
broader focus→brfos
brochure→broc
brochures→brocs
Brothers Karamazov→brkas
Brown University→brun
Browning, Robert→brow
Browning, Robert→brown
Browning, Robert→brown
browse sequence→brse
browsing→browg
Brunei (Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan; 文莱，首都：斯里巴加湾市)→brune, wenlai
Buber, Martin→bube
Buddhism→budd
Buddhist monk→bumo
Buddhist monks→bumos
Buddhist scripture→busc
Buddhist scriptures→buscs
Buddhist→buddt
bug report→burep
Bühler, Karl→buhl, kabu
build environment→buen
building→builg, buil
Bulgarian→bulgn
bulletin→bull
Bulletin→bull\
bundled software→buso, bsw
bureaucracy→bure
bureaucrat→buret
bureaucratic→burec
Burkina Faso
(Capital: Ouagadougou; 布基纳法索，首都：瓦加杜古)→bufa, bujinafasuo
burlesque→burl
business expenses→buex
business news→bune
Business News→bune\
business phone→buph
business practice→bupr
business rituals→buris
Business School→busch
business→busis, busi
businessman→buma
businessmen→bume
but also →bual
butterfly effect→buef
by analogy with →bawh
by definition→byden
by means of which →bmow
by the way, →btw
by way of →bwo
by which→bywh
Byzantine Church→bych
Byzantine Empire→byem
Byzantine→byzae
cache memory→came
calculate→calc
calculated→calcd
calculation→calcn
calculations→calcns
Calderon→cald
calendar→cale
California→cali
calque (loan translation)→calq
Cambodia
(Capital: Phnom Penh; 柬埔寨，首都：金边)→camb, jianpuzhai
Cambridge→cabr
Cambridge International Corpus→cic
Cambridge University→caun
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.→cup,
ccup
Camus, Albert→camu
Camus, Albert→camu
Canada
(Capital: Ottawa; 加拿大，首都：渥太华)→canad, jianada
Canadian Association for Translation Studies (CATS)→cats
Canadian Thanksgiving Day（加拿大感恩节，10月的第二个星斯一）→ctda
Canadian→canan
Canadian history→cahiy
candidacy→candi
candidate tag（候选码）→catag
candidate→cand
cannibalism→cann
cannibalistic→cannc
canonical texts→catexs
canonized→canod
capabilities→capas
capacity→capay
capital market→cama
capitalism→capit
capitalization→capin
capitalize→capi
captioning (intralingual subtitling)→captg
Cardiff→cadi
cardinal vowel→cavo
cardinal→cardl
Cardinal→cardl\, card\
career-minded→camid
careful→carel
carefully→carey, cary
caressing→careg
caricature→cari
Carnegie Mellon University→cmu
Carroll, Lewis→carr
carry out→caou
carried out→caoud
Cartesian→cartn
Cartesianism→cart
case category→caca
case grammar→cagr
case marker→camar
case studies→castys
case study→casty
Case Study→casty\
case-frame→cafr, cfre
case-frames→cafrs, cfrs
case-specified noun→csn
cashflow→cafl
Cassirer, Ernst→cass
Castilian→castn
casual collocating words（偶然共现词）→ccw
casual language→cala
CAT tools→catos
Cataford, J.C.→jcca
catalog→cata
Catalog→cata\
cataphora→cata
cataphoric reference→care, car
cataphoric→catac
categorical syllogism →casy
categorically→catey
categories→cates
categorization→caten
categorize→categ
categorized→cated
category grammar→cagra
category shift→cash
category→cate
Catford, J. C→catf
Catherine the Great→cagre
Catholic church→cach
Catholic→cathc
Catholicism→cath
CAT tool→cato
CAT tools→catos
Caucasian→caucn
Caucasus→cauc
causal model→camo
causality（因果律）→causy, causa
causation (cause-and-effect)→causn
causative case→cacas
causative relations→carela
causative relations→cares
causative verb→cave
causative voice→cavoi
causative→cause
cause-and-effect→caef
cause-effect relation→cer
Cayman Islands
(Capital: Georgetown; 开曼群岛[英]，首都：乔治敦)→caiss, kaiman
celebrate→cele
celebrated→celed
celebration→celen
celebrities→celeys
celebrity→celey
celibacy→celi
Celtic-speaking→cesp, cspg
censorious→censs
censorship→cens
center→ctr, cent
Center→ctr\, cent\
centered around→ceard
centers around→cears
Central Africa→ceafr
Central African→ceafn
Central America→ceam
Central American→ceamn
central culture→cecu
Central Europe→ceeu
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)→cia
central nervous system→cns
central sentences→ceses
central tendency（集中趋势）→cede
central vowel→cevo
central→ctl
Central→ctl\
centrality→centy
ceremony→cere
certainly→certy, cery
Certificate in Community Interpreting→cci
certified→certd
certified translator→cetrr
certified translators→cetrrs
Certificate→cert\, cer\
certification of translations→cetra
certification→certn
Certification→certn\
Cervantes, Miguel de→cerv
challenge→chal
challenges→chals
Chamberlain, Neville→cham
champion→chamn
champions→chamns
championship→champ
Championship→champ\
channel of communication→chcom
channel of contact→chco
channels of communication→chcoms
chapter→chap
Chapter→chap\
chapters→chaps
chapter and section headings→cshs
chapter heading→chheg
chapter headings→chhegs
→chaps
character encoding→chen
character→charr
characteristic→charc
characteristics→charcs
characterization→charn
Characterization→charn\
characterizations→charns
characterize→chare
characterized→chared
characterized by→chby
characters→charrs
character set→chset
character sets→chsets
Charleston→charl
Chau, Simon→chau
Chaucer, Geoffrey→chauc
check list→chlis
chemistry→chem
Chemnitz Corpus of German→ccg
Chemnitz English-German Translation Corpus→cegc
Cherokee→cher
Chesterman, Andrew→ches
Chesterton→chest
Chicago→chic
chief investigator→chinr
chief investigators→chinrs
Chief investigator→chinr\
Chief investigators→chinrs\
childhood→chho
Childhood→chho\
children’s literature→chli
chimpanzee→chim
China Merchants Bank→cmb
China Online Translation→cotnc
Chinese Abstract→chab\, chabt\
Chinese American→chamn
Chinese Americans→chamns
Chinese and English→c-e
Chinese as a second language→csle
Chinese as a Second Language (CSL)→csle\
Chinese British→chbrh
Chinese Canadian→chcan
Chinese Canadians→chcans
Chinese character→chchr
Chinese characters→chchrs
Chinese culture→chcue
Chinese context→chcot
Chinese dictionaries→chdis
Chinese dictionary→chdi
Chinese Dictionary→chdi\
Chinese Frenchman→chfrh, chfm
Chinese Frenchmen→chfrhs, chfms
Chinese Frenchwoman→chfw
Chinese Frenchwomen→chfws
Chinese German→chgen
Chinese Germans→chgens
Chinese government→chgot
Chinese history→chhiy
Chinese history and culture→chce
Chinese language→chla
Chinese Language→chla\
Chinese literature→chlie
Chinese mainland→cml
Chinese medicine→chme
Chinese Medicine→chme\
Chinese original→chorl
Chinese originals→chorls
Chinese people→chpe, chpee
Chinese Quadrangle (Siheyuan)→chquc
Chinese quadrangle→chqu
Chinese quadrangles→chqus
Chinese Russian→chrun
Chinese Russians→chruns
Chinese sentence→chse
Chinese sentences→chses
Chinese source→chsoe
Chinese sources→chsoes
Chinese term→chter, cnter
Chinese terms→chters, cnters
Chinese text→chte, cnte
Chinese texts→chtes, cntes
Chinese translation→chtn, cntn
Chinese Translation→chtn\, cntn\
Chinese translations→chtns, cntns
Chinese translator→chtr, cntr
Chinese translators→chtrs, cntrs
Chinese university→chuny
Chinese universities→chunys
Chinese universities and colleges→cuces
Chinese University of Hong Kong→cuhk
Chinese-American→cham
Chinese-British→chbr
Chinese-Canadian→chca
Chinese-English dictionaries→ceds
Chinese-English dictionary→ced
Chinese-English Dictionary→ced\
Chinese-English translation→cet
Chinese-English Translation→cet\
Chinese-English translations→cets
Chinese-English→ce
Chinese-French→chfr, cfrh
Chinese-German→chge, cgen
Chinese-Russian→chru, crun
Chinese-Spanish→chsp, csph
Chinese Arbor Day（中国植树节，3月12日）→cad, zzj
Chinese Dragon Boat Festival (端午节，the fifth day of the fifth lunar month on the Chinese calendar)→cdbf, dwj
Chinese Lantern Festival (元宵节，the 15th day of the first lunar month on the Chinese calendar)→clf, yxj
Chinese Learners’ English Corpus（中国学习者英语语料库）→clec
Chinese Mid-autumn Festival (or the Moon Festival 中秋节，the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month on the Chinese calendar)→cmaf, zqj
Chinese military chess→cmcs
Chinese New Year→chne, cnye
Chinese New Year’s Day (农历新年，the first day of the first lunar month on the Chinese calendar)→cnyd, nlxn
Chinese Spring Festival (春节，the first day of the first lunar month on the Chinese calendar)→csf, chnjie
Chinese Teacher’s Day（中国教师节，9月10日）→ctd, jsj
Chinese Tomb-sweeping Day（清明节，4月5日）→ctsd, qmj
Chinese Valentine’s Day（or “the Night of Sevens,” “the Festival to Plead for Skills” 七夕/妇女乞巧节, the seventh day of the seventh lunar month on the Chinese calendar）→cvd, qixi, fnqj
Chinglish→chin
chivalrous→chivs
chivalry→chiv
choice network analysis→cna
Chomsky, Noam→chom, noch
Chomskyan→chomn
Chongqing Municipality→chmu
Chongqing→chon
Christian missionaries→chmis
Christian theology→chth
Christian→chri
Christian→chrin
Christianity→chriy
Christie, Agatha→christ
Christmas Day（圣诞节，12月25日）→chda, sdj
Christmas→xmas
Christopher→chris
chronically→chroy
chronological order→chor
chronological→chrol
Chronological→chrol\
chronology→chro
chunk size→chsi
chunking→chung
Church Slavonic→chsl
Cicero→cice
Ciceronian→cicen
cigarette→ciga
cinematic→cinec
circumlocution→cilo
circumlocutions→cilos
circumstances→circs, cirs
circumstantial→circl
citation→citan
citation→citan
citations→citans
citations→citans
civil engineering→cieng
civil war→ciwa
Civil War→ciwa\
civilization→civin
Civilization→civin\
clarification→clarn
clarify→clar
clarity→clary
class attendance→clat
Class attendance→clat\
class discussion→cldi
class discussion→cldis
class shift→clsh
classical→clasl
Classical→clasl\
classicism→classi
Classicists→clasts
classics→class
classification→clasn
classifications→clasns
classificatory→clasy
classified→clasd
classroom setting→clse
classroom→clro
Claude Debussy, Claude→debu
clefting→clefg
Cleveland→clla
cliché→clic
cliches→clics
client complaints→clco
clients’ priorities→clpr
client-server architecture→csa
client-server→clser, cser
climate→clim
clipped text→clte
clock speed→clsp
close translation→cltr
closest match→clma
closest matches→clmas
closest natural equivalent→cne, cnet
cloze technique→cltec
club member→clbmer, clme
club members→clbmers, clmes
cluster（词块/词丛）→clus
clusters→cluss
Cobuild Bank of English→cbe
Cobuild Corpus→cc
code mixing→comi
code model of communication→cmc
Code of Conduct→cocond
Code of Professional Conduct→cpc
code switching→cosw
code-cracking→cocr, ccrg
codes of ethics→coet
code-sharing→cosha, cshg
codification→codin
coding levels→coles
coefficient of determination（确定性系数）→code
coefficient（相关系数）→coef
Coefficient→coef\
cognition→cogn, cog
cognitive approach→coapp
cognitive constraints→coconst
cognitive context→cocont
cognitive core→cocore
cognitive devices→codevi
cognitive environment→coenv
cognitive function→cofun
cognitive
linguistics→coglis
Cognitive
linguistics→coglis\
cognitive model→cogmol
cognitive process→cogprs
cognitive processing→cogprg
cognitive psychology→cogpsy
cognitive scenes→cogscs
cognitive science→cogsce
cognitive sciences→cogsces
cognitive strategy→cogsty
cognitive strategies→cogstys
cognitive→coge
coherence rule→corul
coherence rules→coruls
coherence→cohee
Coherence→cohee\
coherent→cohet
cohesion→cohen
Cohesion→cohen\
cohesive device→codev
cohesive devices→codevs
cohesive tie→coti
cohesive→cohes
cohyponym→cohy
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor→coler
collaborate→collab
collaboration in translation→cotransla
collaboration→collan
collaborative inquiry→coinq
collaborative→collae
collateral material→comate
collateral→colll
colleague→colle
Colleague→colle\
colleagues→colles
Colleagues→colles\
collected→colld
collection→collec
collective→collee
collectivism→collecti
collectivist→collectiv
collegially→collegi, colley
Collegially→collegi\, colley\
collegiate dictionaries→codics
Collegiate Dictionary→codi\
Collegiate→coll\
collegiate→colleg
collegiately→collegi
colligation（类联接）→colli
collocability（搭配力）→colly
collocate→coll
collocates→colls
collocation frequency→cofrq
collocation ratio→corat
collocation→colln
Collocation→colln\
collocational
analysis（搭配分析）→coana
collocational clash→coclas
collocational
class（搭配类）→coclass
collocational
cluster→coclus
collocational
clusters→cocls, cocluss
collocational
harmony（搭配和谐）→coha
collocational
partner（搭配伙伴）→copar
collocational
patterning→colpag
collocational
range（搭配范围）→cora
collocational
strength（搭配强度）→costr
collocational→collc
collocations→collns
colloquial language→colag
colloquial→collol
colloquialism→colloq
colloquialisms→colloqs
colonial period→cope
colonialism→colom
colonialist→colot
colonialization→colon
color categories→cocat
Colorado→color
Columbia University→couniv
Columbia→colu
Columbia Encyclopedia→coena
Columbus→colum
combination→combn
combinations→combs
combining form→cofom
combining forms→cofoms
comment delimiter→coder
commentary→commy, comme
comments→coms
commercial piracy→copiy
commercial→comml, comcl
Commercial→comml\, comcl\
commercialization→comcn
Commercialization→comcn\
commercialize→commerc, comce
commercialized→commd, comced
commercially→commey, commly, comcy
commissioner→commr, commnr
Commissioner→commr\, commnr\
commitment→commt
Commitment→commt\
commitments→commts
committed→commid
Committee→comme\
committees→commes
common knowledge→cokn
common language→colang
common law→colaw
common usage→cous
commonplace→copla
commonsensical→cosenl
Commonwealth of Independent States, the→cis
communicability of message→comes
communicability→communic
communicable→communi
communicate→comm
communicated→commud, commed
communicating→commg
Communicating→commg\
communication load (information load)→coloa
communication strategies→costs
communication studies→costud
communication system→cosym
communication systems→cosyms
communication theory→coth
communication→commn
Communication→commn\, comm\
communication line→colie
communication lines→colies
communication-oriented→coorie, cord
Communications→commns\, comms\
communications→commns, commus
communicative→comne
communicative accuracy→coac
communicative act→coact
communicative approach→coap
communicative competence→coco
communicative content→coecot
communicative context→coconte, coecott
communicative dynamism→cody
communicative event→coev
communicative function→cofu
communicative functions→cofus
communicative intention→cointen
communicative language teaching→clt
communicative purpose→copu
communicative settings→coset, coeseg
communicative situation→cosin
communicative transaction→cotransa, coetrn, coetn
communicative translation→cotra
communicative value→coevae
communicative values→coevaes
Communist Party→copa\
Communist→commut
Communists→commuts
communities→coms
community→com, comny, comn
Community→com\
community interpreter→coyinr
community interpreters→coyinrs
community interpreting (dialog interpreting, public service interpreting)→coing, coi, coying, coyig
community translator→cotrr, coytrr, coytr
community translators→cotrrs, coytrrs, coytrs
commutability→commuy
company placement→coplt
company placements→coplts
comparable→compee
comparables→compees
comparable corpora→cocos, cocor
comparable text→cotet, coetet
comparable texts→cotets, coetets
comparable→compa, cfe
comparative
linguistic studies→clss
comparative
literature→colite, coelie
comparative model→comod
comparative→compae
comparatively→compay, cfy
comparatives→compaes
comparative
reading→coereg
compare→cf
compared→cfd
comparing→cfg
comparison→cfn, compan
Comparison→cfn\, compan\
comparisons→cfns, compans
Comparisons→cfns\, compans\
compatability→compata
compatable→compat
compatibility test→cotest
compensation→compn
Compensation→compn\
compensations→compns
compensatory device→codee
compensatory devices→codees
compensatory procedure→copre
compensatory procedures→copres
compensatory→compy
Compensatory→compy\
competence→compe
competence-oriented→coorid
competent→compt, comt
competition model→comode
competition→compen
Competition→compen\
competitive→compee
competitor→compr
compilation problems→coprobs
compilation→compin
compilative translation→cotransla
compile→compi
compilor→compir
complaint→compla
complaints→compls
complement→compln, compl
complementary term→coter
complementary→comply
completed→compld
completely→compey
complex clause→coclaus
complex modifier→comor
complex sentence→cose
complicated→compd, comd
compliment→complt
component→compo, copnt
components→compts, copnt
componential analysis→coan
componential features→cofea
componential→compol
component
part→cotpat
component
parts→cotpats
composition→compos
compound→comp
compounding→compg, comg
compounds→comps
comprehend→compreh
comprehensibility→compry
comprehension check→coch
comprehension→compr
comprehension→comprn
comprehensive→compre
compromise→compro
compromiser→comprr
compromising→comprg
computational linguistics→coli, col
Computational Linguistics→coli\,
col\
Computational→compl\, compul\
computational→compul
computer analysis→coanal
computer assisted language learning (CALL)→call
computer configuration→cocof
computer literacy→colit
computer program→coprog, corprm
computer programs→coprogs, corprms
computer
science→cosce
computer
software→cosoe, coswe, cswe
Computer software→cosoe\, coswe\, cswe\
computer softwares→cosoes, coswes, cswes
Computer softwares→cosoes\, coswes\, cswes\
computer specification→cospe
computer system→cosy
computer systems→cosys
computer technology→cotec
computer translation→cortrn
Computer Translation→cotr\
computer virus→covi
computer viruses→covis
computer→co
computer-aided→coaid
Computer-aided→coaidc
Computer-aided Translation
(Computer-assisted Translation)→cat\
computer-aided translation→cat
computer-based→cobasd, cbad
computerized→cod
conative→conae
concatenated strings→costrs, costri
conceivable→concee, concei
concentrate→concent
concentration camp→cocam
concentration→concentr
concept equivalence→coequ
concept validity→covay
conceptual studies→colstys
conceptual study→colsty
conception→concn
conceptual→concl
conceptual exposition→coex
conceptual gap→coga
conceptual identity→coid
conceptual map→comap
conceptual meaning→come
conceptual tool→coto
conceptual tools→cotos
conceptual→concl
conceptualization→concen
conceptual research→coreh
concerned→concd
concerning→concg
concession→conces
concessions→concess
concessive clause→cocl
concessive→conce
conclusion→conc
conclusions→concs
Conclusions→concs\
Concordance→conc\, conce\
concordance→concoe, conco
concordancer→concr
concordancers→concrs
concordancing→concog
concordant→conct
concurrent→cocut
concurrently→cocuy
concurrent validity（并存效度）→cova
condensation→conden
condense→cond
condition→condn
conditional clause→cocla
conditional relevance→corel
conditional→condl
conditioned→condnd
conditioning→condg
conditions of production→copros
conditions→condns
conditions→conds
conducive→conde
conducted→condd
confederation→confed
Confederation→confed\
conference interpreter→coir, coeinr, coeir
conference interpreters→coeinrs, coeirs
conference interpreting→coig
conference translation→cotn
conference translator→cotr
conference→conf
Conference→conf\
conferences→confs
confidence→confe, confid
confidential→confl
configurated corpus→cocorp
configuration→confn, config
configure→confi
conflict talk→cotal
conflict→confli
Confucian→confun
Confucianism→confu
confucianist→conft
Confucius→confuc
congratulate→cong
congratulation→congn
congratulations→congns
Congratulations→congns\
congressman→coman
congressmen→comans
congruence→conge
congruent→congt
conjoining（加合）→conjon
conjoint phrases→cophs
conjugation→conjn, conju
conjunct（连接式状语）→conjun
conjunction→conj
conjunctions→conjs
conjunctive→conje
connectedness→connec
Connecticut→connect
connection→conn
connectionist model→comodel
connections→conns
connective→conne
connectives→connes
connectivity→conny
connector→connr
connotation and denotation→coden
connotation→connn
connotations→connns
connotative equivalence→coeq
connotative meaning→coemeg
connotative meanings→coemegs
connotative value→coval
connotative→connoe
conqueror→conqr
conquest→conq
conscious→conss
consciously→conssy
consciousness→conscs
consecutive interpreter→consecr
consecutive interpreters→consecrs
consecutive interpreting→consec
consensus grammar（公认语法）→cogr
consequence→conse
consequently→consy
conservatism→conser
consider→cons
considerable→consie, cone
consideration→consn
considerations→consns
considering→consg
Considering→consg\
considered→consd
consistency→consis
Consistency→consis\
consistent→consit, costt
Consistent→consit\, costt\
consistently→consity
consistent with →cotwih
consisting of→coofg
consisting→consig
consists of→coof
consolidate→consoe
consolidated→consoed
Consolidated→consoed\
consolidation→conson, consolid
consonant cluster→coclu
consonant→consot
consonantal→consotl
consortium→consor
Consortium→consor\
constative→conste
constituency→constitu
constituent analysis→coanalys
constituent→constt
constitutional
monarchy→comon
constitutional→consl
constitutive shift→cosh
constitutive shifts→coshs
constitutive translational conventions→ctcs
constitutive→constit
constraint
grammar（制约语法）→cogra
constraint→constr
constraints ;→consts
constraints on translation→cotrs
constraints→constrs
constriction→constrn
construct→const
constructed→constd
constructedness→constds
construction→costn
Construction→costn\, constn\, cons\
constructions→costn, constns
constructive→coste, constru
Constructive→coste\, constru\
constructive comments→coecots
constructivism→costm, construc
consultant→consut
Consultant→consut\
consultative committees→cocomm
consultative group→cogro
consultative→consue
Consulting→consg\
consulting→consug
consumables→conses
consumer→consr
consumers→consrs
consumption→consun
contact language→cola
contaminate→conta
contamination→contan
contemporary→conty
Contemporary→conty\
contemporary history→cohiy, coyhiy
content word→cowo
content words（实词）→cowos
content-centered→coced, cced
content-derivative form (organic form)→cdf
content-focused texts (informative texts)→cotexs
content-focused→cofod, cfod
context→cont, ct
Context→cont\, ct\
contexts→conts,
cts
Contexts→conts\,
cts\
context-bound→cobo, cbod
context-free
phrase structure grammar（语境独立型短语结构语法）→cfpg
context-free syntax→cfs
context-free→cofr
context-sensitive→cosens, csee
contextual clue→coclue
contextual clues→coclues
contextual conditioning→cocondi
contextual consistency→cocon
contextual cue→cocu
contextual cues→cocus
contextual effect→coeff
contextual effects→coefs
contextual factor→cofac
contextual factors→cofacs
contextual meaning→comeg, cm
contextual parameters→copas
contextual→contl
Contextual→contl\
contextualism→contextu
contextualization of translation→cotransl
contextualization→context
contextualize→contex
contextually→contey
continent→contine
continental→continel
Continental→continel\
contingence→conting
contingency table（列联表）→cota
contingent culture→cocul
contingent→contt
continually→contiy
continuative→contie
continuous→contnos
continuously→contnoy
continuum (连续体)→cotnm, continu
contraction→cottn, contrac
contractions→cottns, contracs
contradiction→cotdn, contn, codi
contradictions→cotdns, contns, codis
contradictory→cotdy, contry
contradistinction→codist, contrad
contrast→contt
contrasted→contd
contrasting→contg
Contrasting→contg\
contrastive→cotte, conte, cae
Contrastive→cotte\, conte\
contrastive analysis→coans, cas
Contrastive Analysis→coans\, cas\
contrastive feature→cofee
contrastive features→cofees, cofes
contrastive interlanguage analysis（中间语对比分析）→cian
contrastive lexicology→cole
contrastive linguistics→coelis, lcone
Contrastive Linguistics→coelis\, colin\, lcone\
contrastive phonetics→coephs
contrastive phonology→coephy
contrastive pragmatics→coeprs
contrastive rhetoric→coerhc
contrastive studies→coests, costu
contrastive textology→coetey
contrastivist→cottt, car
Contrastivist→cottt\, car\
contrastivists→cottts, cars
Contrastivists→cottts\, cars\
contratextuality→cotey
contribute→contri
contribution→contrn
control codes→cocods
control keys→cokes
control variable（控制变量）→covar
controlled language→colan
controlled languages→colans
controversial→contrl
controversy→contro
convenience→covne / conven
convenient→covnt, convt
convenient store→costor
convention→convn
Convention→convn\, conve\
conventional→convl
conventionally→convly
conventionality（因循性）→convy
conventionalized speech→cosp
conventions→convns
convergence→conver
conversation→conv, covsn
conversation→conv, covsn
conversations→convs, covsns
Conversations→convs\, covsns\
conversation analysis→coanaly, coans
conversation rituals→corits
conversational→convnl
conversational→convnl\
conversational cooperation→cocop
conversational
cooperative principles（会话合作原则）→ccp
conversational exchange→coexe
conversational exchanges→coexes
conversational implicature→coime
conversational implicatures→coimes
conversational interaction→coinn
conversational maxim→comam
conversational maxims→comams
conversational rule→corue
conversational rules→corues
converse term→cote
converted→convd
conviction→convin
co-occurrence relationship (between lexical items)→core
co-occurrence→cooce
co-occurrent→cooct, coct
cooperation→coop
Cooperative Maxim→coma\
Cooperative Maxims→comas
Cooperative Principle→copri
cooperative→coope coor
coordinated→coord
coordinating→coorg
coordination→coorn
Coordination→coornc
coordinate clause→coclau
coordinated→coord
copyright laws→colaws
Copyright Licensing Agency (CLA)→clag
copyright protection→copro
copyright→cori
Copyright→cori\
copyrighted→corid
copyrights→coris
copywriter→cowrr
Copywriter→cowrr\
Cordially,→cordy
core linguistics→colingui
co-reference→coref, cree
Corel Catalyst→cocata
Corinthian→corin
Corinthians→corins
Cornell University→couni
Cornell→corn
cornerstone→costo
coronal→corol
corpora→cors
Corpora→cors\
Corporation Ltd.→colt
Corporation→corpn\
corpus alignment→coal
corpus annotation→coano
corpus compilation→cocomp
corpus design→codesi
Corpus Encoding Standard→ces
corpus encoding→coenc
corpus engine（语料库引擎）→coen
corpus linguistics→colis, cl
the Corpus of Contemporary American
English (COCA)→coca
corpus planning→copl
corpus research→cores
corpus searches→cosehs
corpus search result→csrt
corpus search results→csrts
corpus suite→cosu
Corpus Suite→cosu\
corpus→cor
Corpus→cor\
corpus-based
approach（基于语料库的方法）→cba
Corpus-based
Approach→cba\
corpus-based machine translation→cbmt
Corpus-based Machine Translation→cbmt\
corpus-based MT→cmt
Corpus-based MT→cmt\
corpus-based studies→cbss
corpus-based study（基于语料库的研究）→cbs
Corpus-based Study→cbs\
corpus-based→coba, cobad
Corpus-based→cobad\
corpus-driven（语料库驱动）→codr, cdrn
corpus-independent→coind, cint
corpus-informed→coin, cind
Corpus-informed→coin\ cind\
corpus-processing tools→cpts
correct→corr
correctability→corry
correcting→correg
correction→corren
corrections→correns
correctly→corrty
correctness→correc, corrts
correct translations→cotns
correlation coefficient（相关系数）→cocot, cocoe
correlation→corrn
correlational matrix（相关矩阵）→comatr
correlative→corre
Correspondence: School of Foreign Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
correspond→corrd, corpd
corresponded→corpdd
corresponds→corpds
correspondence→corresp, corree, corpe
Correspondence→corresp\, corree\, corpe\
correspondences→corrs, corpes
correspondent→corrt, corpt
corresponding→corrg, corg, corpg
corresponding paragraph→cogpah
corresponding paragraphs→cogpahs
corruption→corrun
co-selection（共选）→cosel, csen
co-selectional restrictions→csrs
cosmopolis→cosm
cosmopolitan→cosmn
co-text→cotex, ctet
cotextual constraint→ctc, cocons
Cotton Patch Version→cpv
Council of Trent→cotre
counter-argument→coar
counter-argumentation→coarn, carn
counterbalance→cobae, cobal
counterbalancing（均衡化）→cobag
counterblow→cobl
counterfactual→cofa
counterpart→copat
counterparts→copats
counter-revolutionary→corey, crey
countries→couns
country domain→codo
countrymen→comen
coupled pair→copai
course design→codes
Course in General Linguistics (Saussure)→cgl
course instructor→coinsr
course instructors→coinsrs, coins
finalized→finad
course material→comat
Course Material→comat
course materials→comats
course objective→coob
course objectives→coobs
Course Objectives→coob\
course outline→coou
Course Outline→coou\
course resources→coress
Course Resources→coress\, cores\
course syllabus→cosyl
Course Syllabus→cosyl\
Coursebook→cobok\
coursebooks→coboks
Coursebooks→coboks\
courseware（课件）→cowa
coursewares→cowas
court interpreter→coinr. cotinr, cotir
court interpreters→coinrs, cotintrs, cotirs
court interpreting→cointe, coting, cotig
courtroom interpreting→crig, cri, coming. comig
covariance（协方差）→covae, covari
cover symbol（包含符）→cosym
coverage（覆盖率）→covee
covert culture→cocult
covert translation→cot, cotrans
created→cread
creation→crean
creative activities→cracs
creative activity→crac
creative deviations→crde
creative equivalence→creq
creative extension→crex
creative writing→crwg
creativity→creay
credit limit→crli
creolization→creon
crib translation→crtr
Crimea→crim
Crimean→crimn
criminal justice→crju
criminal→criml
criminality→crimy
criminals→crimls
criteria for comparison→crcos
criteria of good translation→cgt
criteria of translation→crtran
criteria→crites
criterion for comparison→crco
criterion measure（标准测量）→crme
criterion variable（标准变量）→crva
criterion→critn, crite
criterion-referenced test（C-RT，标准参照性检测）→crt
criterion-referenced tests（C-RTs，标准参照性检测）→crts
criterion-related validity（标准参照效度）→crv
critical discourse analysis→cda
critical examination→crexa
critical linguistics→crlin
critical problem→crpr
Critical Problem→crpr\
critical problems→crprs
critical reading→crre
critical sources (一次文献, 原始文献)→crso
critical sources (一次文献, 原始文献)→crsos
critical theory→crth
critical translation→crtra
critical value（临界值）→crval
critical→critc
criticism→crit
criticisms of translations→crtrs
criticize→criti
Croce, Benedetto→croc
Cross-corpus Full Text Search→cfts
cross-cultural communication→cccn
cross-cultural factors→ccfs
cross-cultural pragmatics→ccpr
cross-cultural studies→ccss
cross-cultural→crcul, ccul
cross-language information retrieval（CLIR，跨语言信息提取）→clir
cross-linguistic→crlic
cross-reference→crref
cross-references→crrefs
Cross-references→crrefs\
cross-referencing→crrefg
cross-sectional study（横向研究）→css
cross-temporal translation (intertemporal translation)→ctt
cross-temporal→crte, ctel
cryptography→crgr
cultural→cul, cultl
Cultural→cul\, cultl\
cultural adaptation→cuad
Cultural adaptation→cuad\
cultural allusion→cual
cultural allusions→cuals
cultural approach→cuap
cultural association→cuas
cultural background→cbg
cultural borrowing→cubo
cultural borrowings→cubos
cultural codes→cucos
cultural criticism→cucr
cultural difference→cudi, culdie
cultural differences→cudis, culdies
cultural element→cuelt
cultural elements→cuels, cuelts
cultural emphasis→cuem
cultural emphases→cuems
cultural equivalence→cueq
cultural filter→cufir
cultural gap→cuga
cultural gaps→cugas
cultural homogenization→cuho
cultural interference→cuin
cultural interferences→cuins
cultural mediation→cume
cultural mediator→cumer
cultural norms→cunos
cultural pluralism→cupl
cultural prestige→cupr
cultural relativity→cure, curey
Cultural Revolution→curen\
cultural revolution→curen
cultural semiotics→cuse
cultural setting→cuset
cultural studies→custu
cultural substitute→cusu
cultural switch→cusw
cultural system→cusy
cultural theories→cuths
cultural theory→cuth
cultural transfer→cutr
cultural translation→cutra
cultural transplantation→cutrn
cultural transposition→cutran
cultural turn→cutu
culture shock→cush
culture specificity→cuspe
culture→cu
Culture→cu\
cultures→cus
culture-bound→cubou
cultureme→cultu
culture-specific→cusp, cspc
cumulative rhetorical style→crs
cumulative rhetorical style→crst
cumulative→cumue
currency→curr\
currency→curre
current trend→cutrd
current trends→cutrds
Current trends→cutrds\
current research→cureh
Current research→cureh\
current researches→curehs
Current researches→curehs\
Current research trends→cutrd
currently→curry
curricula→currs
curriculum design→cude
Curriculum Vitae→cv
curriculum→curr
curvilinear→curvr
cushioning→cushg
customarily→custy
customer satisfaction→cusa
customer→custr
customers→custrs
customize→cust
customized→custd
Customized→custd\
cybernetics→cybe
Cyrillic→cyric
Czarist→czart
Czechoslovakia→czsl
dairying→dairg
dangerous→dangs
dangling modifier→damor
Dante Alighieri→dant
Darbelnet, Jean→darb
Dartmouth College→dacol
Darwin, Charles→darw
data analysis→daan
Data Analysis→daan\
data collection→daco
Data Collection→daco\
data elicitation→dael
data manipulation→dama
data manipulations→damas
data retrieval→dare
data sheet (数据表)→dash
Data Sheet (数据表)→dash\
data sheets (数据表)→dashs
database application→daap
database applications→daaps
database management system→dms, dbms
Database Management System→dms\,
dbms\
database→daba, db
Database→daba\, db\
data-based research→dbr
data-based→dabad, dbad
databases→dabas,dbs
data-driven learning（DDL, 数据驱动型学习)→ddl
data-driven research→ddr
data-driven→dadr, ddrn
date of publication→dopn, dapun
Date of publication→dopn\, dapun\
dates of publication→dopns, dapuns
dative case→daca
deactivate→deac
deactivated→deacd
deactivating→deacg
deactivation→deacn
de Beaugrande→debe
de Saussure→desa, saus
dead metaphor（亡喻）→demet
deadline→delin
deadlines→delis
death announcement→dean
deautomization→deaun
decadent→decat
decelerate→decee
December→dece
decision-making→demak, dmag
declaration→decln, decl
declarative formalism→defo
declarative knowledge→dekn
declarative sentence→desee, desen
declarative→decle
decoding model→demode
decoding→decog
decompose→decom
decomposition→decomn
decompositional→decol
deconstruct→decons
deconstruction→deconn
deconstruction→deconst
deconstructionism→deconstr
deconstructionist→decot
deconstructionists→decots
decontextualization→decon
decontextualize→deco
decorative→decoe
decrease→decre
decreasing→decrg
decreasingly→decrgy
dedicate→dedi
dedication→dedin
deductive→dedue
deductive reasoning→dereg
Deductive reasoning→dereg\
deep case configuration→dcc
deep structure→ds, deste
Deep Structure→ds\, dest\
deep structures→dss, dests, destes
deep structure analysis→dsas
Deep structure analysis→dsas\
[Deep structure analysis]→dsas]
deeply rooted→dero
deep-rooted→derod, drod
deep structure→deste
deep structures→destes
deep-structure→de-ste
defamiliarization→defan
defamiliarize→defa
defamiliarizing→defag
default global template→dgt
default translation→detra
deference marking→demag
deficiencies→defis
deficiency→defic
deficiencies→defics
deficient→defit
deficient text→detex
deficient texts→detes
definite article→deare
definite feature→defee
definite features→defees
Definite Features→defees\
defining relative sentence→drs
definite reference→deree, deref
definite→defie
definitely→defiy
definition→defin, def
Definition→defin\, def\
definitions→defins, defs
Definitions→defins\, defs\
definition comparison→dencon
degree of differentiation (degree of precision)→didif
degree of formality→defor
degree of freedom（自由度）→defr
deictic marker→demark
deictic reference→derefe
deictic shift→desh
deictic→deic
Delaware→dela
delayed human intervention (DHI)→dhi
delayed payment→depay
delexicalized word（虚化词项）→dewo
deliberate→delie, dele
delineate→deli
Delisle, Jean→delisl
deliverables→delies
delivery testing→detest
Delivery→deli\
delivery→deliv
demagogic→demac
demarcation→deman
demo version→devers
democracy→decr, democ
democratic→decrc
demonstrate→demo
demonstration→demon
demonstrative adverb→dead
demonstrative pronoun→depr
demonstrative→demoe, demons
demonstratives→demoes
Demosthenes→demos
demotic Greek→degre
denial of the antecedent→deant
denotation→deno
denotation→denon
denotative equivalence→deeq
denotative→denoe
denotative meaning→deemeg
denotative meanings→deemegs
dental caries (tooth decay)→decas
deontology→deon
Department of English→de, deen, doeh
Department of Trade and Industry→dti
department→depa, dept
Department→depa\, dept\
departments→depas, depts
dependant variable（因变量）→deva
dependence→depee
dependency grammar（依存语法）→degr
dependency→depey
dependent clause→declau
dependent→depet
deprivation→deprn
deprive→depri
derivation→derin
derivational morphology→demor, delmoy
derivational→deril
derivative affix→deafx
derivative affixes→deafxs
derivative suffix→desux
derivative suffixes→desuxs
derivative→derie
derogatory terms（贬义词）→determ
Derrida, Jacques→derr
Descartes, Rene→desca
descendent→desct
descendents→descts
describe→desc
described→descd
describing→descg
Describing→descg\
description→descn
descriptions→descns
descriptive→desce
Descriptive→desce\
descriptive equivalence→deequ
descriptive grammar→degra
descriptive model→demod
descriptive statistics（描述统计学）→dest
descriptive study→destu
descriptive study→destu
descriptive substitute→desub
descriptive substitutes→desus
Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS)→dts\
descriptive translation studies→dts
design criteria→decri
designate→desi
designated→desid
designating→desig
designation→desin
designative meaning→demea
designative→desie
desktop publishing→depu, dtp
desktop search tool→dst
desktop search tools→dsts
desktop search→dese
desktop→deto
destination→destn
destinations→destns
determinant→detet
determination→deten
determine→detee
determines→detees
determined→deted, deterd
determiner→deterr
determiners→deters
determining→deteg
Detroit→detro
develop→deve
developed→deved
developer→dever
developers→devers
developing→deveg
Developing→deveg\
Development Model→demodel
development→devet
Development→devet\
developmental error→deer
developments→devets
Developments→devets\
deverbalization→deven
deverbalize→deveba
deviance→devie
deviant strategy→destr
deviant→devit
deviate→devi
deviation →devin
deviation→ derin, deri
diachronic
corpus（历时语料库）→dicor
diachronic development→didev
diachronic linguistics→dili
diachronic
variety（时间变体）→diva
diachronic→diacc, diac
diagnosing problem→dipro
diagnosis→diag
diagnostic→diagc
Diagnostic→diagc\
diagnostic components→dicoms
diagnostic features→difeas
diagnostic power→dipo
diagnostic test→dite
Diagnostic Test→dite\
diagnostic tests→dites
diagram→digr
Diagram→digr\
diagrammatic translation→ditransla
diagrammatic→digrc
diagramming→diagg
dialectal differences→didis
dialectal
studies（方言研究）→distud
dialectal→dialel
dialectology→dial
dialog box→dibo
dialog boxes→dibos
dialog interpreting (community interpreting, public service interpreting)→diin, diig
dialogic process→diproc
dialogic→dialc
dialogical paradigm→dipar
dialogical→diall
dichotomy→dich
Dickens, Charles→dick
Dickinson, Emily→dicki
dictaphone→dipho,
diphe
dictating translations→dits, ditrn
dictation→dictn
dictionaries compilation→dicompi
dictionaries→dicts, dics
Dictionaries→dicts\, dics\
dictionary→dict, dic
Dictionary→dict\, dic\
didactic fidelity→difi
didactic poetry→dipoe
didactic→didac
didactics of translation→ditrans, dit
Didero, Denis→dider
difference→diffe, diff, difre
Difference→diffe\, diff\, difre\
differences→diffes, diffs, difres
Differences→diffes\, diffs\, difres\
differences between→dibe, dieben
Differences between→dibe\, dieben\
different→difft
Different→difft\
different
type→ditye, dittye
different types→dityes, dittyes
differential→diffl, difrtl
differential-group experiment（分组实验）→dge
differentiate→diffee, difrte, diffe
differentiated→diffeed, difrted, diffed
differentiating→diffeg, difrteg
differentiation→diffn, difrtn, diffn
difficult→diffit, difct
Difficult→diffit\, difct\
difficulty→diffy, difcy
difficulties→diffis, diffys, difcys
Difficulties→diffis\, diffys\, difcys
diffuse→diffuse
digital→digil
digitization→digin
digitize→digi
diglossia→digl
digree of precision (degree of differentiation)→dipr
Dilthey, Wilhelm→dilt
dimension→dimen
dimensional score（维度分数）→discor
dimensional→dimel
dimensions→dimes
diphthong→diph
Diploma in Translation→ditra, diptran
diploma→dipl
diplomacy→diplo
diplomatic→diplc
diplomatic correspondence→dicorr
diplomatic translation→ditrn
Diplomatic Translation→ditrn\
direct quotation→diqu
direct speech→disph
direct translation→ditr
direction of translation→ditransl
direction→diren
directional decisions（定向性判定）→dide
directional hypothesis（预向性假设）→dihy
directionality→direy
directions→direns
directive→dire
Directive→dire\
directness→dires
disadvantage→diad
disadvantages→diads
disagreeable→diage
disagreement→diagt
disagreements→diagts
disambiguate→diam
disambiguated→diamd
disambiguating→diamg
disambiguation→diamn, disan
Disambiguation→diamn\, disan\
discerning→disng
disciplinary→discy
discipline→disci, dispe
disciplines→discis, dispes
disclaimer→dicl
discontinuous
collocation（非连续性搭配）→dicol
discontinuous→discs
discourse analysis→dians
discourse
community（话语社团）→dicoy
discourse
connectives（语篇连接语）→dicoes
discourse framework→dfwk,
difrk
discourse genre→dige
discourse label→dilab
discourse
labels→dilabs
discourse level→dile
discourse
levels→diles
discourse marker→dimar
discourse markers→dimars
discourse
particle→dipa
discourse
particles→diles
discourse
processes→dipros
discourse segment（话语片段）→diseg
discourse
strategies→distras
discourse
strategy→distra
discourse structure→distru
discourse→disc
discourses→disces
discover→dicvr
discovered→dicvrd
discovering→dicvrg
discourse-transition marker→dtmr
discourse-type marker→dtym
discourse-type restricted (text-type
restricted)→dtr
discrepancies→dicrs, dicrs
discrepancies→dicpys
discrepancy→dicpy
discursive competence→dicomp
discursive→disce
discuss→dis
discussed→discd
discussion→discn
discussions→discns
disjunct（评注式状语）→disj
disjunct→diju
disjunction→disjn
dispersion（离中趋势）→dispn
displaced situationality→disi
displaced→dipld
displacement→dispt
disposable→dipse, disse
Disposable→dipse\, disse\
disposables→dipses, disses
disposable corpora→dicorps
disposable corpus→dicorp
disposable→displ
disproportionate→dipre
disproportionately→dipry
disregarding→direg, disrg
disrespectful→direl, disrl
dissatisfaction→disat
dissatisfied→disad
disseminate→dissee, disme
disseminated→dissd, dismed
disseminating→dissg, dismg
dissenting voices→divo
dissertation→dissn
dissimilar→disir
dissimilarity→disiy
distancing devices→dides
distancing→disteg
Distiller→ditir
distinction→distn
distinctions→distns
distinctive distribution→didin
distinctive feature→difee
distinctive features→difees
distinctive semantic features→dsfs
distinctive→diste
distinctively→distey
distinctiveness coefficient→dico
distinctly→distty
distinguish→disth
distinguished→disthd
Distinguished→disthd\
distinguishing→disthg, distg
distinguishment→distht
Distinguished guests→diguts\
distortion→diston
distribute→distr
distributed translation project→dtpr
distribution of information→diinf
distribution→distrn
distributional→distl
disturbance→distue
divergence→divee
diversification→diven
diversified→dived
diversify→dive
diversity of languages→dilas, dils
diversity→divey
Division→divi\
division→divin
Dniester→dnie
do’s and don’ts→dodos
Doctor of Philosophy→phd
doctoral→doctl
doctoral dissertation→dodin
Doctoral dissertation→dodin\
doctoral dissertations→dodins
master’s thesis→maths
Master’s thesis→maths\
master’s theses→mathss
document→docut
documents→docuts
document frequency→dofr
document organization→doorn
Document organization→doorn\
document type definition（文件类型定义）→dtd
documentary translation→dotr
documentary→docuy
documentaries→docuys
documentary film→dofim
documentary films→dofims
documentation→docun
Dolet, Etienne→dole
Domestic→domec\
domestic→domec
Domestic and international→doinl\
domestic and international→doinl
domesticating translation (domestication)→dotra
domesticating→domeg
domestication (domesticating translation)→domen
Domestication→domen\
dominance→domie
dominant language→dola
dominant→domit
dominate→domi
dominated→domid
dominating→domig
don’t→dnn
does not→dsn
doesn’t→dsnn
did not→ddn
didn’t→ddnn
Don Quixote→doqu
Donne, John→donn
Dostoevsky, Fyodor→does
double negative→done
double spacing→dospg
double translation→dotran
double-blind technique（双盲技术）→dbt
double-byte character set→dbcs
double-byte character sets→dbcss
double-byte enablement→dbe
doublet→doub
doublet→doub
doubtful→doubl
doubtlessly→douby
Douglas→doug
download→dolo
downloadable→doloe
downloading→dolog
downtoner→dotor
Dr. Sun Yat-sen→dsys, suya
drama translation→drtn, dratrn
drama translations→drtrs, dratrns
drama translator→dratrr, drtr
drama translators→dratrrs, drtrs
dramatically→dramy
drastically→drasy
Dravidian→dravn
drawback→drba
drawback→drba
dress code→drco
dress style→drst
driving force→drgfoe, drfo
driving forces→drgfoes, drfos
Dryden, John→dryd
dualism→dual
dualistic→dualc
dubbing industry→duin
dubbing→dubbg
Dubrovnik Charter→duch
Duke University→duun
dummy element→duel
dummy subject→dusu
duplicate→dupl
dynamic adjective→dyad
dynamic corpora→dycos
dynamic corpus→dyco
dynamic equivalence→dyeq
dynamic fidelity→dyfi
dynamic functionalism→dyfu
dynamic localization tool→dlt
dynamic localization tools→dlts
dynamic system→dysy
dynamic tension→dyte
dynamic verb→dyve
dynamic website→dws
dynamic→dynac
dynamics of translation→dytrs
dynamics→dyna
each other→eaot
Eagleton, Terry→eagl
earlier draft→eadrt
earlier drafts→eadrts
early human intervention (EHI)→ehi
Early Modern English→eme
early years→eayes, eayrs
East Asia→eaas
East Asian→eaasn
East Europe→eaeu
East European→eaeun
East India Company→eic
East Timor (Capital: Dili; 东帝汶，首都：帝力)→eati, dongdiwen
East→ea
Easter Day（复活节，春分月圆后的第一个星期日）→eada, fhj
Eastern Asia→eanas
Eastern culture→eacu
Eastern Europe→eaeu
Eastern Europe→eaneu
Eastern European→eaneun
eastern→ean
Eastern→ean\
easterners→eanrs, eastrs
Easterners→eanrs\, eastrs\
echanical translation→metr
Eco, Umberto→eco
École Supérieure d’Interprètes et de
Traducteurs (ESIT)→esit
Ecological Fallacy→ecfa
E-commerce→ecom
economic→econc
Economic→econc\
economic development→ecdet
economical→econl
economically→econy
economy→econ
Economy→econ\
Edinburgh→edinb, edbu
editorial committee→edco
Editorial Committee→edco\
editorial intervention→edin
editorial→edit
Editors’ Comprehensive Search→ecse
educate→educ, ed
educated generalists→edges
educated laymen→edla
educated→edd
education→educn, edn
Education→educn\, edn\
educational psychology→edps
educational→educl
educator→educr
Educator→educr\
educators→educrs
Educators→educrs\
effective→effee
effectively→effeey
effectiveness→effes
efficiency→effi
efficient→effit
efficiently→effity
effort model→efmo
effort models→efmos
e.g.→eg
egalitarian→eglin
Egalitarian→eglin
egalitarianism→eglinm, eglim
Egalitarianism→eglinm\, eglim\
egocentric→egcec
Egyptian→egypn
Einstein, Albert→eins
elaborate→elabe
elaborated code→elco
elaboration→elabn
electronic→elecc
electronics→elecs
Electronics→elecs\
electronic publishing→elpu
electronic source→elso
Electronic source→elso\
electronic sources→elsos
Electronic sources→elsos\
electronic tools→eltos
elsewhere→elwh
elicitation techniques→eltes
elicitation→elicn
eliminate→elim
elimination→elimn
Eliot, T.S.→elio
Elizabeth→eliz
Elizabethan English→elen
Elizabethan→elizn
ellipsis→elli
elliptical expression→elex
elliptical expression→elex
elucidate→eluc
elucidation→elucn
e-mail client→emcl
e-mail→em
e-mails→ems
emancipate→eman
emancipation→emann
embarrass→emba
embarrassment→embat
embedded code→emco
embedded sentence→emse
embedding→embeg
emergence→emere
emergence→emere
Emerson, Ralph Waldo→emers
emotion→emotn
emotions→emotns
emotional tone→emto
emotional→emotl
emotionally→emotly
emotive→emote
emotive impact→emim
emotive meaning→emme
emotiveness→emots
emphasis→empha
emphasize→emph
emphatic assertion→emas
emphatic assertion→emas
emphatic marker→emmar
emphatic marker→emmar
emphatic pronoun→empr
emphatic→emphc
emphatically→emphy
emphatics→emphcs
empirical investigation→emin
empirical research→emre
empirical science→emsc
empirical studies→emsts
empirical study→emst
empirical→empil
empiricism（实证主义）→empi
empower→empo
employing→emplg
empowerment→empot
empty category→emca
empty lexeme→emle
empty word→emwo
empty words→emwos
enablement→enabt
encoding model→enmo
encoding→encog
encounter→enco
encountered→encod
encounters→encors
encourage→encou
encouragement→encot
enculturate→encu
enculturation→encun
Encyclopaedia
Britannica→enbr
encyclopaedic entries→enens
encyclopaedic entry→enen
encyclopedia→ency, enpe
Encyclopedia→ency\, enpe\
encyclopedias→encys, enpes
Encyclopedias→encys\, enpes\
encyclopedic→encycc
encyclopedic knowledge→enkn
Encyclopedists→encyts
endocentric structure→ecst
endocentric→encec
endophoric reference→enre
endurance→endue
end-user→enusr, eusr
end-users→enusrs, euss
engagement→engat
engineer→engi
engineering→engig, engin
English abstract→enabt
English Abstract→enabt\
English as a Foreign Language (EFL)→efl
English as a Second Language (ESL)→esl
English-Chinese→ec, enche
English and Chinese→eac, eace
English-Chinese and Chinese-English translation→ecct
English-Chinese and Chinese-English Translation→ecct\
English Comparable Corpus (ECC)→ecc
English dictionaries→endis
English dictionary→endi
English Dictionary→endi\
English foot→enfot
English for Academic Purposes（学术用途英语）→eap
English for Specific Purposes（专门用途英语）→esp
English grammar→engr
English Grammar→engr\
English history→enhiy
English language→enla, el
English Language→enla\, el\
English Language and Literature→ell\
English Language Teaching (ELT)→elt
English literature→enhlit, enlie
English Literature→enhlit\, enlie\
English original→egorl
English originals→egorls
English Revised Version of the Bible (1885)→ervb
English translation→entn
English translations→entns
English-Chinese & Chinese-English Corpus Suite→eccs
English-Chinese & Chinese-English→ecce
English-Chinese dictionary→ecd
English-Chinese Dictionary→ecd\
English-Chinese dictionaries→ecds
English-Chinese translation→ect
English-Chinese Translation→ect\
English-Chinese translations→ects
English-Chinese→ec
English-English dictionaries→eeds
English-English dictionary→eed
English-French→enfr, efrh
English-German Translation Corpus→egtc
English-German→enge, egen
English-Hebrew→enhe, ehew
English-Japanese→enja, ejae
English-Russian→enrun, erun
English-Spanish→ensp, esph
English-speaking→enspg, espg
English-speaking country→esc
English-speaking countries→escs
English sentence→ense
English sentences→enses
English source→ensoe
English sources→ensoes
English text→entex
English texts→entexs
English translation→entrn
English translations→entrns
English version→enven
English versions→envens
English word→enwod
English words→enwods
Enlightenment Period→enper
enlightenment→enlit
Enlightenment→enlit\
enquiry→enqu
enrichment→enrit
enrolment→enrom
enterprise→ente
enterprises→entes
entertained→ented
entertaining→enteg
entertainment→entet
enthusiasm→enth
entrance→entre
Entrance→entre\
entrance examination→enex, enexn
Entrance Examination→enex\, enexn\
entrepreneur→entrr
entrepreneurial translator (in
reference to Ezra Pound)→entrar
entrepreneurial→entrl
entrepreneurs→entrrs
entrepreneurship→entrp
envelope→envee
envelopes→envees
environment→envit
Environment→envit\
Environmental→envil\
environmental feedback→enfe
environment orientation→enor
environments→envits
epistemic modality→epmo
Epistle→epis
epistolary style→epst
eponym→epon
eponymous→eponys
eponyms→epons
equal frequency principle→efp
equality→equay
equifunctional→eqful
equipment→eqmt
equivalence→equie, equi, eq
equivalence in translation→eitn
Equivalence→equie\, equi\, eq\
equivalence probability→eqpr
equivalent→eqvat, equit, eqt
Equivalent→eqvat\, equit\, eqt\
equivalents→eqvats, equits
Equivalents→eqvats\, equits\
equivalent Chinese term→ecte
equivalent Chinese terms→ectes
equivalent Chinese translation→ectn
equivalent Chinese translations→ectns
equivalent effect→eqef
equivalent English term→eete
equivalent English terms→eetes, eets
equivalent English translation→eetn
equivalent English translations→eetns
equivalent forms reliability（平行效度）→efr
equivalent response→eqree
equivalent term→eqte
equivalent terms→eqtes
Erasmus, Desiderius→eras
Erasmus→eras
erations→altens
ergative language→erla, erl
ergative verb（动者格动词）→erve
ergonomic design→erde
ergonomic→ergo
ergonomics→ergos
Ericsson→eric
Eritrea
(Capital: Asmara; 厄立特里亚洲，首都：阿斯马拉)→erit, eliteliya
erroneous→erros
error analysis→eran
Error Analysis→eran\
Eskimo language→esla
esoteric→esotc
esotericism→esot
especially→espey
Esperanto→esper
essence→esse
essential→essel
essentialism→essen
essentially→essely, essey
establish→esta
established→estad
Established→estad\
establishment→estat
estimate→esti
estimation→estin
estimation
procedure→esnpre
estimation
procedures→esnpres
Estonian→eston
Estuary English→esen
eternal→eterl
eternity→etery
ethnic minority→etmi, etcmiy
ethnic minorities→etmis, etcmiys
ethnocentric→etcec
ethnocentrism→etce
ethnographer→ethnr
ethnographic model of translation→emt
ethnographic translation→ettr
ethnographic→ethnc
ethnography→ethny
ethnography of communication→etcon
ethnolinguistic model→etmo
ethnolinguistic→etlic
ethnolinguistics→etlin, enlins
ethnomethodology→etmet
etic versus emic→etem
etiquette→etiq
etymological meaning→etme
etymological→etyml
etymology→etym
Eugene Onegin (Pushkin/Nabokov)→euon
euphemism→euph
euphemisms→euphs
euphemistic→euphc
euphony→eupho
Euripides→euri
Eurodicautom→eudi
Europe→eur
European Commission→euco
European Committee for Standardization
(CEN)→ecs
European Community→eucom
European history→euhiy
European Parliament→eupa
European Society for Translation Studies→ests
European Union (EU)→euun
European Union of Associations of Translation Companies (EUATC)→euac
European Union→eu
European→euron
Eurotra→eutr
evaluate→eval
evaluation of translation→evtr
Evaluation of Translation→evtr\
evaluation→evaln
evaluative→evale
evaluativeness→evals
eventually→eveny
Even-Zohar, Itamar→evzo
eversion→evern
everybody→evboy
everyday→evday
everyday usage→evuse
everyday use→evus
everyday uses→evuses
everyone→evone
everything→evthg
everywhere→evwhe
evidence→evide
evident→evidt
evidently→evidy
evolution→evoln
Evolution→evoln\
evolvement→evolt
exaggerate→exag
exaggeration→exagn
examination→exam, examn
Examination→exam\, examn\
examinations→exams, examns
Examinations→exams\, examns\
example certification→excer
example→ex
Example→ex\
example-based machine translation→ebmt
Example-based Machine Translation→ebmt\
example-based→exba, ebad
Example-based→exba\, ebad\
examples→exs
examples→exs, egs
Examples→exs\, egs\
Excellency→excey\
excellent→excet
Excellent→excet\
exception→excen
exceptional→excel
exchange rate→exra
exchange rates→exras
exchange student→exstu
exchange students→exsts
exchange→exch
exclamation mark→exma
exclamation→excln
exclamative→excle
exclamatory→exclay
excluded receiver→exrer
exclusive licence→exli
exclusive→excle
exclusively→excly
execute→exec
executed→execd
executing→execg
executive→exece
Executive→exece\
exegetic translation→extrn
exegetical accuracy→exac
exegetical fidelity→exfi
exemplified→exemd
exemplify→exem
exercise→exer
Exercise→exer\
exercises→exers
exhaustive→exhae
exhibit→exhi
Exhibition→exhi\
exhibition→exhin
exhibitions→exhis
existence→exise
Existentialism→exis
existing→exisg
existing research→exgres, exgreh
existing studies→exgstys
exocentric structure→exstr
exocentric→excec
exophoric reference→exref
exoticism→exot
exoticizing translation→extran, ext
expansion→expan
expatriation→expat
expectancy norms→exnos
expectancy→expec
expectation→expen
expectations→expens
expected frequency（期望频数）→exfr
expected outcome（期望结果）→exou
expected→exped
expedient→expedt
experience→expe, expee
experiencer case→exca
experiencing aspect→exas
experiment→expet
experimental data→exda
experimental method→exmeth
experimental methods→exmes
experimental research→exres
experimental studies（实验研究）→exst
experimental→expel
experimenter→exper
Expert Advisory
Groups on Language Engineering Standards（EAGLES, [欧盟国家]语言工程标准专家咨询组）→eags
explain→expl
Explain→expl\
explanation→explan, expnn
Explanation→explan\, expnn\
explanations→explans, expnns
explanatory hypothesis→exhy
explanatory power→expow
explanatory translation→extrans
explanatory→exply
explaining→explg
explicate→expli
explication→explic
explication→explin
explicative language→exla
explicative→exple
explicature→explic
explicit→explt
explicit and implicit→exim
explicit concessive→exconc
explicit status→exsta
explicitation→explin, expltn
Explicitation→explin\, expltn\
explicitness→expls
exploitation→exploin
exploration→expln
explorations→explns
exploratory→exploy
exposition→expo
Exposition→expo\
expository→expoy
expressed→exprd
expressing→exprg
expression→exprn, expr
expressions→exprns,
exprs
expression-pattern→expatt, epan
expressive function→exfu
expressive language→exlan
expressive meaning→exmeg
expressive texts (form-focused texts)→extes
expressive→expre
expressway→exway
expressways→exways
expropriation→expro
extended collocation（扩展搭配）→excol
extended context（扩展语境）→excon
extended meaning→exme
extended metaphor→exmet
extended reference→exrefe
Extensible Markup Language（XML，可扩展标记语言）→xml
extensible→extens
Extensible→extens\
extensive reading→exre
extensive→extee
external culture→excu
external inconsistencies→exins
external inconsistency→exin
external perspective→expers
external relations→exrels
external storage device→esde
external storage devices→esdes
external studies→exlsts
External studies→exlsts\
external studies of translation→estn
External studies of translation→estn\
external transfer→extr
external validity [外在效度]→exvay, exlvay
external→extel, extl
extinction→extin
extracted→extrd
extracting→extrg
extraction→extrac
extra-curricular activities→ecas
extra-curricular→excur, ecur
extralingual→exlil
Extralingual→exlil\
extralingual knowledge→exkn
Extralingual knowledge→exkn\
extralinguistic constraint→exco
extralinguistic features→elfs
extralinguistic reality→elr
extralinguistic settings→exse
extralinguistic→exlic, extral
Extralinguistic→exlic\, extral\
extra-literary→exlit
extraneous form→exfo
extraneous information→exin
extraordinary→exory
extraposition→expon
extrapositioning→expog
extremely→extry
extrinsic features→exfes
extrinsic→extrc
extroversion→extron
eye contact→eyco
eye exercises→eyex
eye gaze→eyga
eye movements→eymos
Face Threatening Act (FTA)→fta
face-saving→fasag, fsag
face-threatening→fathg, fthg
facetious→face
face-to-face interaction→ffi
face-to-face→fafa
facilitate→faci
facilitation→facit
facilities→facis
facility→faciy
factitive case→faca
factor analysis→fazn
factuality→fact
faculty→facu
faculty member→famer
faculty members→famers
faded metaphor→dame
faithful→faitl
faithfulness→faits
fallacies of ambiguity→faambs
fallacies of relevance→fares
fallacy of illicit major (or minor) premise→fimp
fallacy of the consequent→faco
falsifiable→fals
falsification→falsn
Falsification→falsn\
familiar→fami
familiarity→famiy
familiarize→famil
family name→fanae
family names→fanaes
fantastic→fantc
fantasy→fant
fascinating→fascg
Fascism→fasc
Fascist→fasct
Fascists→fascs
fashionable→fash
fast-food→fafo, ffod
Father’s Day（父亲节，6月第三个星期日）→fada
Faulkner, William→faul
faultfinding→fafi
faulty logic→faloc
Faulty logic→faloc\
faux amis (false friends)→faams
faux amis→faam
favorable→favo
Fawcett, Peter→fawc
feasibility→feasi
feasible→feas
feature→feat
features→feats
feature of speech→fesph
features of speech→fesphs
February→febr
Federal Express→feex
Fédération internationale des traducteurs (FIT, International Federation of Translators)→fit
feedback→feba
Feedback→feba\
feedbacks→febas
felicitous expression→feexn
felicitous expressions→feexns
felicity conditions→feco
fellow countryman→fecon, fcmn
fellow countrymen→fecons, fcmns
feminine→femie
feminineness→femis
feminism→femi
feminist approach→feap
feminist approaches→feaps
feminist perspective→fepe
feminist→femit
fiction literature→fili
fiction→fict
fictional→fictl
fictitious translation (pseudotranslation)→fitra
fidelity rule→firu
fidelity→fidey
field dependence→fidep
field dependent→fidet
field independence→fiin
field independent→fiint
field progression→fipr
field of study→fist
fields of study→fists
Fielding, Henry→fiel
fieldwork→fiwo
fighter plane→fipl
fighter planes→fipls
figurative collocation（修辞性搭配）→fico
figurative language→fila
figurative meaning→fime
figurative sense→fise
figurative→figue
Figure →fig\
figure alignment→fial
figure of speech→fisp
figure→fig
figures of speech→fisps
figures→figs
file management→fima
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)→ftp
film translation→fitr
final examination→fiex
Final Examination→fiex\
final examinations→fiexs
final version→five
financial→final
find out→fiou
first-rate→fira
First-rate→fira\
found out→fioud
finding→findg
findings→finds
finished→finid
Finnish→finn
Finno-Ugaritic→fiugc, fugc
firecracker→ficrr
firecrackers→ficrrs
firmware→fiwa
first and foremost→fifot
First and foremost→fifot\
first-class→ficls, ficl
first language acquisition (FLA)→fla
First of all, →foa\
first-person→fipe, fpen
the First World War→ww1
Firth, John Rupert→firt
Firthian→firtn
Fitzgerald, F. Scott→fitz
flashback→flba
flashbacks→flbas
flat bed scanner→fbsr
Flaubert, Gustave→flau
flexibility→flexy
florid writing→flwr
flourish→flou
flourishing→floug
flouting→flout
fluctuation→flucn
fluctuations→flucns
focal point→fopo
focal points→fopos
fog factor→fofa
folk classification→focla
folk classifications→foclas
folk knowledge→fokn
folklore→folo
folktale→fota
folktales→fotas
follower→follr
following→follg
font settings→foses
food labelling→folab
footage→foote
football→fobal
footnote→fono
footnotes in translating→fotrg
footnotes→fonos
footnoting→fonog
for example,→eg., foexe
For example,→eg.\, foexe\
for instance,→fi. foins, foine
For instance,→fi.\ foins\, foins\
for the first time→ftft
For the first time→ftftc
for which→fowh
foregoing→fogog, fogo
foreground→fogr
foregrounding→fogrg
foreign language→fola
foreign languages→folas
foreign language competence→flc
foreign language instruction→fli
foreign language learning→fll
foreign language majors→flms
foreign language major→flm
foreign language pedagogy→flp
foreign language performance→flp
foreign language teaching→flt
foreign language training→flt
foreign policies→fopols
foreign policy→fopol
foreign→fo, fore
Foreign→fo\, fore\
ForeignerDesk→fodes
foreignization→foren
Foreignization→foren\
foreignizing translation (minoritizing translation)→fotr
foreignizing→foreg
foreignness→fores
forensic linguistics→foli
forensic→forec
foreseeable future→fofu
foreseeable→fosee
foresight→fosi
forestall→fost
formal class→focl
formal classes→focls
Formal correspondence→foco\
formal correspondence (formal equivalence)→foco
formal correspondent→focot
formal elements (stylistic features)→foels
formal equivalence→foeq
formal equivalent→foequ
formal feature→fofe
formal features→fofes
formal grammar（形式语法）→fogra
formal inappropriacy→foin
formal universal→foun
formal universals→founs
Formalism→form\
formalism→formal
formalisms→formals
formalist model→fomo
formalist→formt
formalities→forms
formality→formy
formalization→forman
formalize→forma
formalized→formd
format check→foche
formation→formn
formative→forme
form-centered→foced, fced
form-focused texts (expressive texts)→ffts
form-focused→fofod
formidable→formie
form-meaning pairing（形式－意义配对）→fmp
formulaic chunks（公式块）→foch
formulaic expression→foex
formulaic expressions→foexs
formulaic language→folan
formulaic move→fomov
formulaic moves→fomovs
formulate→form
formulation→formun
forthcoming→focog, fortg
for that matter→ftmr
fortitude→forti
fortunately→forty
forward-transformation (restructuring, transformation)→fotra, ftrn
fossilization→fossn
Foucault, Michel→fouc
foundation myth→fomy
foundation→founn
Foundation→founn\
foundational→founnl, founl
Foundational→founnl\, founl\
four-letter words→flws
fragments→fragts
frame of reference→frre
FrameMaker→frmar
framework for discussion→ffdn, frdin
framework of equivalence→frequi
framework→frwo
Françoise→franco
Frankenstein→fran
Frankfort→frank
Franklin→frankl
Frederick→fred
free combinations→frco
free form→frfo
free morpheme→frmo
free translation→frtra
freedom→free
freelance translation→frt, frtrn
freelance translator→fltr
freelance translator→frtr
freelance translators→fltrs
freelance translators→frtrs
freelance→frla
free-standing text→fst
free-standing→festg, fstg
Frege, Gottlob→freg
French fries→frfrs
French Guyana (Capital: Cayenne; 法属圭亚那，首都：卡宴)→frgu, fashuguiyana
French Lieutenant’s Woman (Fowles)→flw
French Polynesia (Capital: Papeete; 法属波利尼西亚，首都：帕皮提)→frpol, fashuboliniya
French→fr
French-Chinese→frch, fche
French-English→fren, fenh
frequence of usage→frusa
frequencies→fqs, freqs
frequency count（频率计算）→frcou
frequency distribution（频数分布）→frdi
frequency list→frli
frequency of usage→frus
frequency polygon（频数多角形）→frpo
frequency rule→frru
frequency→fq, frq, freq
Frequent→freqt\, frqt\
frequently→freqy, frqty, fqy
Frequently→freqy\, frqty\, fqy\
Frequently Asked Questions→faqs
Freud, Sigmund→freu
frication→fricn
fricative→frice
Friedrich→fried
friendship→frie
from time to time→fttt
front matter→frma
Front Matter→frma\
Frost, Robert→fros
frustration→frusn
Fudan University→fuun
Fujian Province→fupr
fulfilling→fulfg
fulfilment→fulft
full parsing（完全句法标注）→fupa
full translation→futr
full-text retrieval→ftr
full-text search→fts
full-text searches→ftss
full-text→futex, ftet
fully automatic high-quality translation (FAHQT)→faht, fahqt
function of translation→futra
function word→fuwo
function words→fuwos
function→f, func
functional constancy→fuco
functional dimension→fudi
functional equivalence→fueq
functional equivalent→fueqt
functional equivalent→fuequ
functional equivalents→fueqts
functional grammar→fugr
functional grammar→fugr
functional interaction→fuin
functional invariance→fuinv
functional linguistics→fuli
functional load→fulo
functional onomatopoeia→fuon
functional phonetics→fuph
Functional Sentence Perspective→fsp
functional theories→fuths
functional theory→futh
functional vocabulary→fuvo
functional→funcl
functionalism→functi
functionalist approach→fuap
functionalist approaches→fuaps
functionalist→funct
functionality test→futes
functionally relevant meaning→frme
functionally→funcy
functional-relational→furel, frel
function-oriented translation studies (function-oriented descriptive translation studies)→fots
function-oriented→fuor, ford
functions→fs, funcs
fundamental frequency→fufr, fufq
fundamental→fundl
fundamentally→fundy
fundamentals→fundls
furnishings→furns
furthermore→fumo
further→furt
further reading: →fureg
Further reading: →fureg\
future perfect→fupe
future research→fureh
future tense→fute
Futurism→futu
fuzzy match→fuma
fuzzy matching→fumag
fuzzy sets→fuses
Gabriel→gabr
Gadamer→gada
Galatians→galas
Galician-Portuguese→gapoe,
gpoe
Galileo Galilei→gali
gambit (in conversation)→gamb
game theory→gath
Gansu Province→gapr
garbage in, garbage out (GIGA)→giga
Garfield→garf
gas station→gast
gasoline→gaso
gatekeeper→gaker
gathering→gathg
gender accuracy→geac
gender
affiliation→geaf
gender
hierarchies→gehis
gender
politics→gepo
gender studies→gest
gender-dependent linguistic behavior→gdlb
gender-dependent→gede, gdet
gender-neutrality→geneu, gney
genealogical→genel
genealogy→genea
general context→gecot
generalizability→genry
general corpus（通用语料库）→geco
general linguistics→gelin
general
secretary→gesec
General
Secretary→gese\, gesec\
General Service
List（通用词汇表）→gsl
General
Theories of Translation→gtt
generalizability of results→gere
generalizability（类推性）→geneey, genery
generalization→genern, ge
generalize→gener, genee, g
generalization→geneen
generalizing translation→getr
general public→gepub
general-purpose→gepu
General-purpose→gepu\
generate→gene
generating→geneg
generation gap→gega
generation→genen
generations→genens
generative grammar→gegrr
Generative Grammar→gegrr\
generative linguistics→gelis
Generative linguistics→gelis\
generative phonology→gephy
generative semantics→geses
Generative Semantics→geses\
Generative Transformational Grammar→gtgr
generic meaning→geme
generic shift→gesh
generic top-level domain (GTLD)→gtd
generic vocabulary→gevo
generic word→gewo
generous→genes
generosity→genety
genetic engineering→geeng
genetically→geney
Geneva Bible→gebi
genitive case→geca
genre convention→gecon
genre-oriented→geord, gord
Gentzler, Edwin→gent
geographic→geogc
Geographic→geogc\
geographical→geogl
geographic label→gelab
geographic labels→gelabs
Geographic labels→gelabs\
geographically→geogcy
Geographically→geogcy\
geography→geog
Geography→geog\
George Mason University→gmu
George Washington University, the→gwu
George Washington→gewa
Georgetown University→geun
Georgetown University→geun
German language→gelan
German literature→gelit
German-Chinese→gech, gche
German-English→geen, genh
Germanic languages→gelas, gels
Germanic→germc
Germanization→germn
Germanize→germ
Germanized→germd
gestalt psychologist→gepst
gestalt psychology→geps
gestalt theory→geth
gestural patterning→gepa
gesture→gestu
Gettysburg Address→gead
ghost writing→ghwr
Gibraltar (直布罗陀[英])→gibr, zhibuluotuo
gigabyte (GB)→giby
gigabytes→gibys
gist translation→gitr
given information→giin
given-new→gine, gnew
Glasgow→glas
Glendon→glen
Global Checker→glchr
global strategies→glsts
global strategy→glst
global village→glvi
globalization→globn
gloss translation→gltr
glossaries→gloss
glossary compilation→glco
glossary→glos
glossolalia→glosso
glutinous→gluts
goal case→goca
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von→goet
Goethe-Institut→gein, gint
goodbye→goby
Good Bye!→goby\
good practice→godpre
Good Practice→godpre\
Goodenough→goen
Google→go
good translation→gotn, gotrn
good translations→gotns, gotrns
Gottingen group→gogr
göttingen→goti
Gottingen→gott
government→govet
Government→govet\
gradable antonym→gran
gradually→grady
Graduate School→grsc\
graduate→grade
graduate student→grst, gs
graduate students→grsts, gss
graduate study→grsty
Graduate study→grsty\
graduate studies→grstys
Graduate studies→grstys\
graduating→gradg
graduating student→grstu, grstt
graduating students→grstus, grstts
graduation→gradn
grammar→gram
Grammar→gram\
grammars→grams
grammar check→grchk
Grammar check→grchk
grammar checked→grchd
grammar-translation method→gtm
grammatical analysis→grana
grammatical categories→grcas
grammatical category→grca
grammatical class→grcl
grammatical classes→grcls
grammatical construction→grcon
grammatical correctness→grlcos
grammatical device→grde
grammatical devices→grdes
grammatical error→grer
grammatical errors→grers
Grammatical Errors→grers\
grammatical function→grfu
grammatical functions→grfus
grammatical gender→grge
grammatical knowledge→grlkne, grkn
grammatical language→grla, grl
grammatical meaning→grme
grammatical object→grob
grammatical restructuring→grreg
grammatical structure→grstr
grammatical subject→grsu
grammatical transformation→grtrans
grammatical translation→grtr
grammatical transposition→grtra
grammatical
word→grwo
grammatical→graml, gral
Grammatical→graml\, gral\
grammaticality→gramy
grammatically→gramay
Grammatically→gramay\
granddaughter→grda
grandfather→grfa
grandmother→grmo
graphemic form (of a linguistic unit)→grfo
graphemic motivation→grmon
graphemic→grapc
graphically→grapy
graphics→grap
graphic file→grfie
graphic files→grfies
graphological translation→grtran
grateful→gratl
gratefully→graty
Great Britain→gb
Great Charter→grch
Great Lakes, the→grlas
Great Salt Lake→gsla
Greenland (Capital: Godthaab (also called Nuuk); 格陵兰[丹]，首都：戈特霍布，又称努克)→gree, gelinglan
Grenada (Capital: St. George’s; 格林纳达，首都：圣乔治)→gren, gelinnada
Gricean maxims→grmas
grid elicitation→grel
Grimm brothers→grbrs
ground alignment→gral
group convention→grco
grouped data→grdaa
grouping→groug
Guadeloupe (Capital: Basse-Terre; 瓜德罗普[法]，首都：巴斯特尔)→guad, guadeluopu
Guam (Capital: Agana; 关岛[美]，首都：阿加尼亚)→guam, guann
Guangdong Province→gupr
Guangdong→gudo
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the→gzar
Guangxi→guan
Guarani language→gula
guarantee→guar
guideline→guli
guidelines→gulis
Guidelines→gulis\
Guinness Book of Records→gbr
Guizhou Province→gupro
Gulliver’s Travels→gutrs
Gumperz→gump
Gutt, Ernst-August→gutt
Habermas, Jürgen→habe
Hainan Province→hapr
Haitian Creole→hacr
Halliday, Michael→halli
Hallidayian→halln
Halloween（万圣节，10月31日）→hall
halo effect（成见效应）→haef
Hamilton→hami
Hampshire→hamp
handheld device→hhd
handheld devices→hhds
hand-held scanner→hhsr
handheld→hahe
handkerchief→hake
handwriting→hawr
Hanover→hano
Hanoverian→hanon
hapax logema（仅出现一次的语项）→halo
happiness→happs
hard carriage return→hcr
hard carriage returns→hcrs
hard copies→hacos
hard copy→haco
hard disk→hadi
hard disk image backup→hdibp, imbk
hard disk image backups→hdibps, imbks
hard disk image backup program→hdipm
hard disk image backup programs→hdipms
hard palate→hapa
Harrisburg→habu
Harrison→harr
Harvard University→haun
Harvard→harv
Hatim & Mason→hama
Hatim, Basil→hati
had not→hdn
has not→hsn
hasn’t→hsnn
haven’t→hnn
hadn’t→hdnn
Hawaii→hawa
Hawaiian→hawa
hawthorn→hath
Hawthorne effect（霍桑效应）→haeff
Hawthorne, Nathaniel→hawt
head teacher→heter
header（篇头/数据标题）→head
headline→heli
Headline→heli\
headlines→helis
Headlines→helis\
headword→hewor
headwords→hewos
Headwords→hewos\
health insurance→hein
health news→hene
Health News→hene
health warning→hewa
hearer meaning→heme
Hebei Province→hepr
Hebraic→hebrc
hegemonic languages→hela
hegemonic→hegec
hegemony→hege
Heidegger, Martin→heid
Heilongjiang Province→heprov
Heilongjiang→heji
Heine, Heinrich→heine
Helicon Translator→hetrr
helicopter→helir
Hellenism→helle
Hellenistic Greek→hegr
Hemingway, Ernest→hemin
hemisphere division→hedi
hemisphere→hemi
hemisphere→hesp
Henan Province→hepro
hepatitis→hepa
Heraclitus→hera
heritage→heri
Heritage→heri\
heretics→here
heritage language→helag
Heritage language→helag\
heritage languages→helags
Hermans, Theo→herman
hermeneutic approach→heap
hermeneutic motion (four stages of trust, aggression, incorporation, and restitution)→hemo
hermeneutic theory→heth
hermeneutic translation→hetr
hermeneutic→hermc
hermeneutics→herm
Herodotus→hero
hesitation filler（填塞词）→hefi
hesitation phenomena→heph
hesitation→hesi
heterofunctional translation→hetra
heterofunctional→heful
heterogeneous societies→hesos
heterogeneous society→heso
heteroglossia (Bakhtin)→hegl
heuristic→heurc
hexameter→hemet
Heywood→hewo
hibernation→hiben
Hidden Markov Model（HMM，隐马尔可夫模式）→hmm
hierarchic→hierc
hierarchical relationships→hires
hierarchical structure→histr
hierarchical→hierl
hierarchy of correspondences→hico
hierarchy→hier
hieroglyph→higl, hierg
hieroglyphic→higlc, hiergc
hieroglyphs→higls, hiergs
high commissioner→hiconr, hiconr
High Commissioner→hiconr\, hiconr\
high frequency word（高频词）→hfw
high frequency words→hfws
high profile→hipr
higher education→hiedn
Higher education→hiedn\
high-frequency→hifr, hfry
high-quality→hiqu, hquy
high-toned→hitod, htod
hijack→hija
hijacking→hijag
Hinayana→hinaa
Hinayana Buddhism→hibum
Hinduism→hidu
Hinduism→hind
Hippolytus→hippo
hippopotamus→hipo, hipp
His/Her/Your Excellency→hiex, heex, yoex
his or her →hoh
histogram（直方图）→hist
historical context→hicon
historical fidelity→hifi
historical linguistics→hili
historical overview→hiov
historical studies→hists
historical study→histu
historical term→hiter
historical terms→hiters
historical text→hite
historical texts→hites
historical varieties→hivas
historical variety→hiva
historical→histl
Historical→histl\
historically→histy
Historically→histy\
historiography→higr
history of English→hienh
History of English→hienh\
history of translation→hitr
Hitler, Adolf→hitl
Hjelmslev, Louis→hjel
Hobbes, Thomas→hobb
Hoffmann→hoff
Hofstede→hofs
Holderlin, Friedrich→hold
holiday resort→horet
holiday resorts→horets
holiday season→hosen
holistic approach→hoap
holistic principle→hopr
holistic process→hopro
holistic→holic
Hollywood→howo, holl
Holmes, James→holm
Holy Scriptures→hoscs
Holz-Manttari, Justa→holz
Home assignment→hoast\
home assignments→hoasts
Home assignments→hoasts\
homepage→hopa, hp
Homepage→hopa\, hp\
homeroom teacher→hoter
homogenization→hogen
homogenization→homogn
homogenize→hoge
homograph→hogr
homologous translation→hotran
homologous→homos
homonym→homo
homonymy（同形异义）→homon
homophone→hoph
homophonic translation (phonemic
translation)→hotr, hpt
homophonic→hophc
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region→hksr
Hong Kong→hoko, hk
Honolulu→honol
honorable→honoe
honorific→honoc
honorifics→honocs
honorifics→honos
Hopkins-Nanjing Center for Chinese and American Studies, the→hncs
horizon of expectation→hoex
horizon→hori
horizontal translation→hotra
horizontal→horil
hospital→hospl
host text→hote
hot key→hokey
hot keys→hokeys
hotkey→hokey
hourly production rate→hpr
house buying→hobu
House of Commons→hoco
House of Lords→holo
household→hoho
housekeeping→hokeg
Houston→hous
However, →hoev\, howe\
however→hoev, howe
http://www.com/→ht, www,
http://keping.eu5.org/→eu5, ew
http://keping.hostfree.pw/→host, hw
http://keping.hostfree.pw/, http://keping.eu5.org/→kpws,
kw
Hubei Province→hupr
human activity→huacy
human activities→huacys
human being→hubeg
human beings→hubegs
human communication→hucon
Human communication→hucon\
Human Language Technology→hlt
human language→hulae
human languages→hulaes
Human languages→hulaes\
human rights→huris
human translation→hutr
human translations→hutrs
human translator→hutrr
human translators→hutrrs
human-assisted machine translation (HAMT)→hmt, hamt
humanism→huma
humanistic→humac
humanities computing→huco
humanities→humas
Humboldt school→husc
Humboldt, Wilhelm von→humb
Hume, David→hume
humiliating→humig
humiliation→humin
Hunan Province→hupro
Hungarian→hungn
husbandry→husb
Hutchins→hutc
Hutchinson→hutch
hybrid system→hysy
hybrid systems→hysys
hybridity→hybry
hybridization→hybrn
hybridize→hybr
hygiene→hygi
hygienic→hygic
hyper text（超文本）→hyte
hyperbole→hyper
hypercorrection→hycon, hype
hyperinfomation→hyinn
hyperlink→hyli
hyperlinks→hylis
hypermedia→hyme
hypertext markup language (HTML)→hml,
html
HyperText Markup Language (HTML)→hml\,
html\
Hypertext
Transfer Protocol（超文本传送协议）→http
hypertheme→hyth
hyponymic→hyponc
hyponymy→hypon
hypotactic→hypoc
hypotheses→hypos
hypothesis testing→hytes
hypothesis→hypo
hypothetical→hypol
iambic pentameter→iape
IBM TranslationManager→itmr
Ibsen, Henrik→ibse
Iceberg Theory→icth
Iceland→icla
Icelandic→iclac
iconic relations→icres
idealistic→ideac
idealization of data→idda
idealization→idean
idealized→idead
ideational content→idco
ideational meaning→idme
ideational→ideal
ideational→ideal
identical translation→idtran
identifiable→idene
identification→idenn
Identification→idenn\
identificational→idenl
identificational meaning→idmeg
identified→idend
identify→iden
identity card→idca
identity→ideny, id.
ideogram→idgr
ideograms→idgrs
ideographic writing→idwr
ideographic→idgrc, ideo
ideological perspective→idpe
ideological translation→idtra
ideological→ideol
Ideological→ideol
ideologically→ideoy
ideology→ideo
Ideology→ideo
ideophone→idph
idiolect（个人用语特点）→idle
idiom tag（习语码）→idta
idiom tagging（习语赋码）→idtag
idiomatic expression→idexn
idiomatic language use（地道语言使用）→ilu
idiomatic phrase→idphr
idiomatic translation (idiomatic approach)→idtr
idiomatic→idioc
idiomatical→idiol
idiomaticity（地道性）→idioy
idiosomatic→idsy
idiosyncracies→idsys
idiosyncrasy→idsy
idiosyncratic→idsyc
i.e.→ie
Ignativs→igna
ignorance→ignoe ignot
ignorant→ignot
illegitimate→illee, illeg
ill-formed→ilfod, ifod
illicit major/minor premise→imp
Illinois→illi
illocution→illo
illocutionary act→ilac
illocutionary force→ilfo
illocutionary structure→ilst
illocutionary→illoy
illuminate→ilmne
illuminated→ilmned
illuminating→ilmneg
illumination→ilmnn
illustrate→illu
illustration→illun
illustrative texts→iltes
illustrative→illue
image map→immap
imagination→imagn
imagism→imag
imbalance→imbae
imcompletion marker（未完成标记）→imma
imitation→imitn
imitational→imitl
imitative→imite
Immanuel Kant, Immanuel→kant
immediate→imme
immediately→immeey,
immeey, immey
Immediately→immeeyc,
immeey\, immey\
Immediate Constituent analysis→ica
immediate constituent（直接成分）→imco
Immediate Constituent→imco\
Immediate Retrospection (IR)→imre
immersion teaching→imte
immigrant→immit
immigration→immin
impairment→impat
impatient→impa
imperative→impee
imperative function→imfu
imperative meaning→immeg
imperative meanings→immegs
imperative mood→immo
imperfect(ive) aspect→imas
imperfect→inpet
imperfection→impen
imperfections→impens
Imperial Civil Service Examination（科举考试）→icse
Imperial→impel\
imperialism→imperi
impersonal→impel
implementation→impmn
Implementation→impmn\
implementations→impmns
implemented→impltd, impled, impmd
implicate→impl
implicated→impld
implication→impln, impcn
implications→impls, implns, impcns
Implications→impls\, implns\, impcns\
implicational scaling→imsc
implicational universal→imun
implicational universals→imuns
implicational→impll, implnl, impcnl
Implications of the Findings→imfis\
implicative→impce
implicative language→imla
implicature→imple
implicatures→imples
implicit information→imin
implicit status→imst
implicit→implt
implicitation→implici
implicitness→implts
implied meaning→immea
implied meanings→immeas
implied reader (Iser)→imrer
importance→impoe
Importance→impoe\
important→impot
Important→impot\
importantly→impoty
imposition→impon
impossibility→impoy
impossible→impose
impression→imprn
Impressionism→imprm\
impressionist→impst
Impressionist→impst\
Impressionists→impsts\
impressive→impre
imprinting→imprg
improper→impr
improperly→impry
improvement→imprt
in accordance with →iaw
In accordance with →iaw\
In addition, →inadn\, inad\
in addition to →iato, iat
In addition to →iato\
In addition to that→ittt\
in general→ingel
In order to →iot\, ioto\
in order to →iot, ioto
in other words,→iowd, iows
In other words,→iowd\, iows\
In Other Words→iowd\\
in real time→irt
in some way or another→iswa
in terms of →itof
in that→inth
in the first place→itfp
in which →inwh
In Wikipedia.→inwi
In Wikipedia. Retrieved Nove, from http://en.wikipedia.org→iw
In Wikipedia. Retrieved , from http://zh.wikipedia.org→iwz
inability→inaby
inaccessible→inacce
inadequacy→inad
inadequacies→inads, inadys
inadequate→inade
inadvertently→inady
inanimate→inane
inappropriacy→inapy
Inappropriacy→inapy\
inappropriate→inape
Inappropriate→inape\
inappropriately→inapey
Inappropriately→inapey\
inappropriateness→inaps
inaugurate→inaue
inaugurated→inaued
incentive→incee
incentives→inces
inchoative verb→inverb
incidental→incil
inclination→incln
including→inclg
inclusive language→inla
incoherence→incoe
incoherent→incot
incohesion→incon
incohesive→incohe
incompatibilities→incoys
incompatibility→incoy
incompatible→incom
incomplete→incompe
inconsistencies→inconsis
inconsistency→inconsi
incorporate→incpe
incorporates→incpes
incorporated→incped
incorporating→incpeg
inconvenience→incve
inconvenient→incvt
incorporated→incod
incorporating→incog
incorporation→incorn
incorporative→incore
incorrespondence→incorr
Incorrespondence→incorr\
incorrespondences→incorrs
increasingly→incry
incredibly→increy
increment→incremt
indefinite article→inar
indefinite pronoun→inpr
indefinite reference→inref
indefinite→indee
indefiniteness→indes
indemnity→indem
indemnities→indems
indentation→indenn
indented→inded
independence→indepe
independent→indet
independently→indety, indey
independent clause→incla
independent variable（自变量）→invar
indeterminacy→indeter
indeterminate→indete
indetermination→inden
index field→infie
index marker→inmar
indexical offence→inofe
indexical relations→inrela
indexical→indel
Indian languages→inlas
Indianapolis→inpo, india
indicative mood→inmoo
indicator→indir
indicators→indirs
indifference→indife
indifferent→indit
indirect speech→insp
indirect translation (intermediate translation, mediated translation, retranslation, second-hand translation)→intrans
indirectness→indis
indiscriminate→indise
indispensable→indispe
individual autonomy→inau
individual language→inlanguag
individual learner differences→ild
individual shift→insh
individual shifts→inshs
individual→indil
individualism→indi
individualistic→indic
individuality→individ
individuation→indin
Indo-European languages→iels
Indo-European→ineun, ieun
Indonesian→indonn
induced error→iner
induction→indun
inductive learning→inle
inductive method→inmet
inductive reasoning→inreg
Inductive reasoning→inreg\
inductive→indue
indulgence→indule
indulgent→indut
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China→icbc
industrial process→inpro
industrial→indul
industrialize→indust
industries→indus
industrious→induss
industry→indu
Industry→indu\
inequality→ineqy
in essence→inese
inessive suffix→insuf
inevitable→ineve
infeasible→infee
infelicitous→infes
inference→infer
inferencing→infeg
inferential meaning→inmean
inferential paradigm of communication→ipcn
inferential statistics→insta
inferential→infel
inferential→inferl
inferrable→inferr
infinitive→infi
infixation→infin
inflecting language→inlan
inflection→infln
inflectional affix→inaf
inflectional language→inlang
inflectional morpheme→inmor
inflectional morphology→inmorp, inlmoy
inflectional suffix→insuff
inflectional→infll
influence→infle
influenced→infld
influences→infls
influential→influl
informant constituency→inconst
informant→infot
information chunking→inch
information core→incoree
information extraction（信息提取）→inext
information filtering→infig
information flow→inflo
information focus（信息焦点）→infoc
information intention→inin
information load (communication load)→inlo
information offer→inoff
information processing→inproc
information retrieval→inret, ire
information service→insee
information source→innsoe, inso
Information source→innsoe\, inso\
information sources→innsoes, insos
Information sources→innsoes\, insos\
information structure→instruc
information technologies→its
information technology→it
Information Technology→it\
Information Theory→inth\
information transfer→intransf
information→info, inf
Information→infon\, info\
informational→infol
informative function→infu
informative texts (content-focused texts)→intes
informative texts→intexs
informative translation (raw translation)→intra
informative→infoe
infrasonic→insoc
infrastructure→infr, infse
Infrastructure→infr\, infse\
infrastructures→infrs, infses
Infrastructures→infrs\, infses\
infrequent→infret
infrequently→infry, infqy
infringe→infri
infringement→infrt
ingenious→inges
ingredient→ingr
ingredients→ingrs
in-group→ingro, igrp
inherent→inhet
inheritance→inhee
Inheritance→inhee\
in-house translation→iht
in-house translator→ihtr
in-house translators→ihtrs
initial norm→innor
initial norms→innos
initial public offering→ipo
Initial Teaching Alphabet （ITA）→ital
initially→inity
initiated→initd
initiating→initg
initiation→initn
initiator→initr
innatist hypothesis→inhy
Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, the→imar
innocence→innoe
innocent→innot
innovate→inno
innovation→innon
innovations→innons
innovative→innove
innovator→innovr
input method→ime, inmetho
Input Method→ime\
input-output→inou, iout
Input-output→inou\ iout\
in question→inqun
insecurity→insey
inserted→insed
inserting→inseg
insertion sequence（插入系列）→inseq
insertion→inse
insertion→insern
insights→insis
insignificant→insit
inspiration→inspn
inspirations→inspns
inspire→inspi
inspired→inspir
inspiring→inspg
instability of a measure（测量的不稳定性）→inme
instability of the results（结果的不稳定性）→inre
instantial relations→inres
instead of →inof
Instead of →inof\
instinctively→insty
Institute of Linguists (IoL)→iol
Institute of Translation and Interpreting→iti
Institute→inst\
institute→insti, ins
institution→instn, instin
institutions→instns, instins
institution of higher education→ihen
institutions of higher education→ihens
institutional→instl
institutional text→inltet
Institutional text→inltet\
institutional texts→inltets
Institutional texts→inltets\
institutional translation→intn
Institutional Translation→intnc
institutionalization（惯例化）→institu
institutionalized
collocation（惯例化搭配）→incol
instruct→inst
instructed→instd
instructing→instg
instruction→instn
instructional text→intextt
instructional texts→intexts
instructions→instns
instructive→inste
instructor→instr
Instructor→instr\
instrument→instt
instrumental→insttl
instrumental case→incas
instrumental motivation→inmo
instrumental translation→intransla
instrumental→instrl
instruments→instts
Instruments→instts\
insufficient→insut
insurance→insue
Insurance→insue\
integral translation→intranslat
integrated approach→inapproa
integrated→integd
Integrated→integd\
integration→inten
integrative→intege
integrative motivation→inmon
integrity→integy
Intellectual Property→inpr\
intellectual property→inpry
intellectual→intell
intelligence→intee
Intelligence→intee\
intelligent→intet
Intelligent→intet\
intelligibility→intley
Intelligibility→intley\
intelligible→intle
Intelligible→intle\
intended meaning→inmeani
intensifier→intenr
intensity→inteny
intention→intenn
intentional acts→inacs
intentional fallacy (Wimsatt /
Beardsley)→infal
intentionality→intentiy
intentionally→intenty
interact→inact
interacted→inactd
interacting→inactg
interaction→inacn
Interaction→inacn\
interactional→inacl
interactive system→ias
interactive→inace
Interactive→inace\
interchangeability→inchy
interchangeable→inche
intercity→inciy
interclause marker→icm
intercultural communication→icc
intercultural cooperation→icco
intercultural perspective→icpe
intercultural space→icsp
intercultural→incul
interdependence→indepee
interdependent→indept
interdisciplinarity→indisc
interdisciplinary approach→ida
interdisciplinary→indiy
interested→inted
interesting→integ, intg
interestingly→integy, intgy
Interestingly→integy\, intgy\
interface→infa
Interface→infa\
interference→infere
interim chain→inchai
interjection→interj
interlanguage→inlang
interlineal translation→iltr
interlinear translation→ilt
interlinear version→ilv
interlinear→inlir
interlingua (lingua universalis,
mediating language)→inling
interlingua approach→inappr
interlingual→inlil
interlingual adaptation→inada
interlingual communication→incommu
interlingual error→inerr
interlingual errors→inerrs
interlingual level shift→ils
interlingual paraphrase→inpa
interlingual subtitling→insub
interlingual translation→inltrn
interlingual→inlinl
interlocutor→inlor
intermarry→inma
intermediary→inmey
intermediate translation (indirect translation, mediated translation, retranslation, second-hand translation)→intranslat
intermediate translation→intranslat
intermediate→inmee
internal consistency→incons
internal culture→incu
internal dialogism (Bakhtin)→indial
internal form→infom
Internal Form→infom\
internal forms→infoms
internal inconsistencies→inins
internal inconsistency→ininc
internal quality assessment→iqa
internal relations→inrels
internal studies→inlsts
Internal studies→inlsts\
internal studies of translation→istn
Internal studies of translation→istn\
internal transfer→intrs
internal validity [内在效度]→inlvay
internal-consistency reliability（内部一致）→icr
internalization→internn, inteen
internalized→internd, inteed
International Anti-illiteracy Day（国际扫盲日，9月8日）→iaid
International Architecture Day（国际建筑日，7月1日）→iad
international chess→inchs
International Children’s Day（国际儿童节，6月1日）→icd, etj, gjej
international community→incomy
International Computer Archive of Modern and Medieval English（ICAME，国际现代英语及中古英语机储档案库）→icae, icame, icaeh
International Conference→inco\
international conferences→incos
International Corpus of English (ICE)→ice
International Corpus of Learners’ English (ICLE)→icle
International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking（国际禁毒日，6月26日）→iddt
International Day for Biological Diversity（国际生物多样性日，5月22日）→idbd
International Day for Natural Disaster Reduction（国际减轻自然灾害日，10月第二个星期三）→idnr
International Day For the elimination of Violence against Women（国际消除对妇女的暴力日，11月25日）→idew
International Day for the Eradication of Poverty（国际消除贫困日，10月17日）→idep
International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer（国际臭氧层保护日，9月16日）→idpl
International Day of Older Persons（国际老年人日，10月1日）→idop
International Day of the Blind（国际盲人节，10月15日）→wdb
International Day of the Deaf（国际聋人节，9月第四个星期日）→idd
International Day of Tolerance（国际宽容日，联合国教科文组织确立，11月16日）→wdt
international education→inedn
International education→inedn\
International Environment Day（世界环境日，6月5日）→ied
International Family Day（国际家庭日，5月15日）→ifd
International Labour Day（国际劳动节，5月1日）→ilda, ldj, gjlj
international language→inlangu
International Milk Day（国际牛奶日，5月23日）→imd
International Music Day（国际音乐日，10月1日）→imda
International Nurse Day（国际护士节，5月12日）→wnd
International Olympic Day（国际奥林匹克日，6月23日）→iod
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)→iso
international organization→inor
International Organization→inor\
international organizations→inors
International Peace Day（国际和平日，9月第三个星期二）→ipda
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)→ipa, ipat
International Phonetic Association→ipan
International Policemen’s Day（国际警察日，3月14日）→ipd
international standard→inlstd
international standards→inlstds
international studies→instudi
International Studies→instudi\
international term→interm
international terms→interms
International Translation Day (September 30)→itd
International Women’s Day（国际妇女节，3月8日）→iwd, fnj, gjfj
International Youth Day（国际青年节，8月12日）→iyd
international→intl
International→intl\
internationalisms→innas
internationalization→intln, innan
Internationalization→intln\, innan\
internationalization and localization→innlon, ialn
Internet access→inacc
Internet document→indo
Internet documents→indos
Internet Explorer (IE)→inexp, inexr, ier
internet relay chat (IRC)→irc
Internet Service Provider (ISP)→isp\
Internet service providers (ISPs)→isps
Internet→inne, int
interpersonal→inpel
Interpersonal→inpel\
interpersonal function→ipf
interpersonal relationship→inrep
interpersonal relationships→inreps
interpersonal meaning→inlmeg, ipm
interpersonal reference→inrefe, ipr
interpret(ta)tive theory of translation (theory of sense)→ittr
interpretant→intert
interpretation→in
interpretations→ins, interns
interpretative translation→intranslat
interpretative vs. generative→ingen, ivg
interprete→i
interpreted→id, interd
interpreter training→intrai
interpreter→ir
interpreters→irs
Interpreters→irs\
interpreter’s→ir’s
interpreting professions→inprs
interpreting studies→instud
interpreting→ig
Interpreting→ig\
interpretive approach→inappro
interpretive hypothesis→inhyp
interpretive translation→intranslat
interpretive use→inus
interpretive→intere
interrelated→inred
interrogative sentence→insen
interrogative→inroe
intersemiotic translation (transmutation)→ist
intersentence marker→isma
interspersed→inspd, intersd, intsd
intertemporal translation (cross-temporal translation)→itt
intertemporal→intem
intertextual coherence→itc
intertextual signal→itsi
intertextual space→itsp
intertextuality→intext, intexy
interval scale（等距量表）→insc
intervening variable（干预变量）→invae, invari
intervention→intevn
interventions→intevns
intervention experiment（介入实验）→inex
intervention researcher→inrer
interventionist strategies→insts
interventionist→intervt
Interview→invi\, inte\
interview→interv, inviw
interviews→intes, inviws
interviewee→inviee
interviewees→invies, inviees
interview schedule [采访提纲]→inwsce
interview schedules→inwsces
in-text citation→itcn
in-text citations→itcns
intonation language→inlangua
intonation→inton
intradiscourse→indisco
intralingual→inlil
Intralingual→inlil\
intralingual adaptation→inadap
intralingual equivalence→inequ
intralingual error→inerro
intralingual meaning→im, inmeg
Intralingual Meaning→im\, inmeg\
intralingual meanings→ims, inmegs
Intralingual Meanings→ims\, inmegs\
intralingual paraphrase→inpar
intralingual subtitling→ilsg
intralingual translation→iltn, intn
intransitive verb→inveb, vi
intransitive verbs→invebs, vis
intransitive→intre
intra-system shift→iss
intrasystem→insy
intratextual coherence→itco
intratextual→intexl
intrinsic modality→inmod
intrinsic→intrc
introduce→intr
introduced→intred, intrd
introducing→intrg
Introducing→intrg\
Introduction to Translation Studies→its\, itss
introduction→intrn
Introduction→intrn\
introductory→intry
Introductory→intry\
introspection→introsp, intsn
introspective→intros, intse
introspective and retrospective research→irrh
introspective and retrospective researches→irrhs
introspective data→indat
introspective method→inmeth
introspective studies（内省性研究）→instu
introversion→intron
introvert→intrt
intuitions（语感）→intu
intuitive data（直觉数据）→inda
invariably→invay
invariance→invare
invariant→invat
inverse translation→intranl
inversion→invern
inverted commas→incoms
investigate→inve
investigated→invtd, inved
investigating→inveg
investigation→inven
Investigation→inven\
investigations→invens
investigator→inver
investigators→invers
investment→invet
Investment→invet\
investments→inves
invigorate→invi
invigoration→invign
invisibility→inviy
invisible→invie
invitation→invin
involvement→invot
Irish Translators’ Association (ITA)→ita
irrational→irral
irreconcilable→irree
irregular verb→irve
irregular→irrer
irregularities→irregs
irrelevant→irret
irrespective→irrese
irresponsible→irrespe
irreversibility→irrey
irreversible→irreve
Islamic→islac
Islamism→islam
ISO-9002 standard→i9s
isochronous→isocs
isolate→isol
isolated→isold
isolating language→isla, isl
isomorphy→ismo
isotope→isot
Israeli→israi
Italian→italn
Is there →isth
italic→italc
Italicize→ital\
italicize→italic
italicized→itald
item-and-arrangement→iaa
item-and-process→iapr
item-environment approach（词项－语境方法）→iea
jabberwocky→jawo
Jackson→jack
Jacksonville→javi
Jacobson, Roman→jaco
Jamaica (Capital: Kingston; 牙买加，首都：金斯敦)→jama, yamaijia
James, Carl→caja
James, William→jame
January→janu
Japan (Capital: Tokyo; 日本，首都：东京)→japa, riben
Japanese→japae, jap
Japanese go→jago
Japanese-Chinese→jach, jche
Japanese-English→jaen, jenh
JavaHelp→jahe
JavaScript→jasc
Jefferson, Thomas→jeff
Jeffery→jeffe
Jerome, Saint→saje
Jiangsu Province→jipr
Jiangsu→jian
Jiangxi Province→jipro
Jilin Province→jiprov
教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心→jybx
Joan of Arc→joar
job application→joap
John Benjamins, Amsterdam and Philadelphia: .→jobe, jb
Johns Hopkins University→jhu
Johnson→john
Journal→jour\
The Journal of Chinese Translation→jctn
journalistic translation→jotr, jotrn
journalistic translation→jotr\
journalistic→jourc
journals→jours
Joyce, James→joyc
Judaic→judac
Judaism→juda
judgment→judgt
judiciary→judiy
Judiciary→judiy\
Julius Caesar→caes
Julius Caesar→juca
justifiable→juste
justification→justn
justify→just
juxtapose→jupo, juxt
juxtaposition→jupon, juxta
Kade, Otto→kade
Kafka, Franz→kafk
Kandinsky, Wassily→kand
Ke, Ping: Professor of English and Translation Studies, Nanjing University, China.→kpe
柯平： 南京大学外国语学院英语系教授 (keping00@yahoo.com)→kpc
Keller, Helen→heke
Kennedy→kenn
Kenneth→kenne
Kentucky→kent
kernel sentence→kese
kernel sentences→keses
kernel structure→kest
kernel→kern
kernels→keses
key contextual terms→kcts
key key word（主要关键词）→kkw
key word in context（KWIC，语境关键词索引）→kwc, kwic
keyboard→kebo
keyboard shortcut→kesht, kbsct, kedsht
Keyboard shortcut→kesht\, kbsct\, kedsht\
keyboard shortcuts→keshts, kbscts, kedshts
keyboarding skill→kesk
keyboard usage→kbue, keuse
keystroke logger→kslr, kelor
keystroke logging→kslg, kelog
keyword translation→kwt
kick-off meeting→kom
Kierkegaard, Soren→
Kievan Rus→kiru
kilobits per second (Kbps)→kps, kbps
kilobyte (KB)→kiby
kilobytes→kibys
kinesics（动体学）→kine
King Fahd School of Translation→kfst
King James Version of the Bible→kjvb
King James Version→kjv
kinship terminology→kite
kinship terms→kites
Kipling, Rudyard→kipl
Kluckhohn→kluc
knowledge→know
Knowledge→know\
knowledgeable→knowe
knowledge base→knba
Knowledge Base→knba\
knowledge bases→knbas
knowledge engineering→knen
knowledge gaps→
knowledge management (KM)→knma, knemat
Knowledge Management (KM)→knma\, knemat\
knowledge of language→knla
knowledge worker→knwor
knowledge-based machine translation (KBMT)→kbmt
knowledge-based system→kbs
knowledge-based systems→kbss
knowledge-based→knba, kbad
Koran translation→kotr
Kristeva→kris
Kumarajiva→kuma
Kundera, Milan→kund
kurtosis（峰态）→kurt
L1 interference→l1ine
L1-induced→l1in, lind
L1-L2 misfit→llm
L2 learner→l2ler
L2 learners→l2lers
L2 learning→l2leg
L2 teaching→l2te
L2 translator→l2tr
L2 translators→l2trs
labialization→labin
labiodental→lade
laboratory→lab
Laboratory→lab\
Labov, William→labo
Lakoff, George→lako
Lambert, José→lamb
Lancaster University→launi
Lancaster/IBM Spoken English Corpus→lisec
Lancaster-Oslo/Bergen (LOB) Corpus→lob
language→l
languages→ls
Language→l\,lang\
Languages→ls\,langs\
language-culture→lacue, lce
language-cultures→lacues, lces
language-independent→laint
language-in-text→latex
language-specific→laspc, lspc
language acquisition device (LAD)→lad
language acquisition study（语言习得研究）→las
Language Acquisition→laac\
language aggression→laagn
language acquisition→laacn
language and translation→latn, lt
Language and Translation→latn\, lt\
language and translation technology→ltt
Language and Translation Technology→ltt\
language and translation technologies→ltts
Language and Translation Technologies→ltts\
language attitude→laate
Language attitude→laate\
language attitudes→laates
language behavior→labih
language communicator（语言交际者）→lacor
language communicators→lacors
language community→laco
language communities→lacos
language development→ladev
language development→ladev
language ecology→laecy
Language Ecology→laecy\
language engineering（语言工程）→laen
Language Engineering→laen\
language experience（语言经验）→laex
language function→lafun
language history→lahi
language identification→laid
language learners→lalers
language learning→lale
Language Learning→lale\
language norm→lano
language norms→lanos
language of habitual use→lhu
languages of habitual use→lhus
language pair→lapa
language pairs→lapas
language patterning→lapat
language philosophy（语言哲学）→laph
language planning→lapl
language policy→lapo
language potential→lapol
language potentials→lapols
language processing→lapro
language proficiency→lapr
language service→lasee
Language Service→lasee\
language services→lasees
language service provider→lspr
Language Service Provider→lspr\
language service providers→lsprs, lsps
language settings→lases
language shift→lash
language structure→laste
language structures→lastes
language study→lasty
language studies→lastys, lasts
Language Studies→lastys\, lasts\
language system→lasy
language teaching→lateg
language technologies→latecs
Language Technologies→lates\
language technology→latec
language transfer→latr
language universal→launl
language universals→launls
language use→lause
Language Use→lause\
language variety（语言变体）→lava
language varieties→lavas
Language, Translation, and Information Technology→ltit
Lantern Festival→lafe
large-scale→lasc, lsce
Las Vegas→laveg
laser printer→leprr
Late Modern English→lme
late payment→lapay
lateralization→laten
Latin America→laam
Latin American→laamn
Latin texts→lates
Lattimore, Richmond→richm
Lattimore→latt
laundering→laung
Laviosa, Sara→lavi
law of growing standardization→lgs
Lawrence→lawr
layered graphics→lagr
League of Nations→lenas
Leander→lean
learn→le
learner corpus（学习者语料库）→lecor
learner language（学习者语言）→lelan
learner error→leerr
learner errors→leerrs
learner strategies→lests
learner strategy→lest
learner→ler
learners→lers
learning→leag, lng
Learning→leag\, lng\
learning curve→lecu
learning plateau→lepl
learning psychology→leps
learning strategy→lestr
learning style→lesty
learning styles→lestys
learning→leg, learg
learnt→let
lecture→lect, lec
Lederer, Marianne→leder
Leech, Geoffrey→leec
Lefevere, André→lefe
left collocates（左搭配词）→lecos
legal action→leac
legal status of the translator→lstr
legal status→lesta
legal translation→letr, let
legendary→legey
legislative house→leho
legislative houses→lehos
legitimacy→legi
legitimate→legie
Leibniz, Gottfried→leib
Leipzig School→lesc
Leipzig→leip
lemmatization→lemmn
lemmatize→lemm
lemmatized wordlist（归纳词表）→lwl
lemmatizer→lemmr
length factor→lefac
length restrictions→leres
Leonard→leon
less frequent than chance（低于或然率）→lfc
Letter to the Editor→leed
letter-writing norms→lwns
level crossing→lecr
level shift→lesh
levelling out→leou
levels of measurement（测量量表）→leme
levels of translation→letran
leverage→leve
leveraging→leveg
Levi, Jiri→levi
Levinson→levin
lévi-Strauss→lestra, lsts
Leviticus→levit
lexical→lexil
lexical behavior（词语行为）→lebe
lexical chunk（词块）→lech
lexical chunks（词块）→lechs
lexical cohesion→leco
lexical competence→lecoe
lexical creativity→lecre
lexical databases→ledbs, ledas
lexical density→lede
lexical determination（词语的决定作用）→ledet
lexical device→ledev
lexical factors（词语因素）→lefas
lexical field→lefi
lexical framework→lfw
lexical gap→lega
lexical item（词项）→leit
lexical item→leit
lexical items（词项）→leits
lexical labelling→inlab
lexical language→lela, lel
lexical meaning→lemeg
lexical morphology→lemoy
lexical pattern（词语型式）→lepa
lexical patterning→pattg
lexical phrase（词语片语）→leph
lexical preference→lepre
lexical relationship→lere
lexical repetition→lerep
lexical repetitions→lereps
lexical semantics→lese
lexical sequence（词语序列）→leseq
lexical set（词语集）→leset
lexical sets→lesets
lexical string→lestri
lexical structure（词语结构）→lestru
lexical studies→lestu
lexical translation→letra
lexical unit→leun
lexical units→leuns
lexical universals→leunis
lexical variation→leva
lexical variety→lex
lexical word（词语词）→lewo
lexical words（词语词）→lewos
lexical→lex
lexicalization（词语化）→lexin
lexicalize→lexie
lexicalized→lexid
Lexicalized→lexid\
lexico-grammar→legra, lgrr
lexicogrammar→legrm
lexicographer→legr, legrr
lexicographers→legrs, legrrs
Lexicographers→legrs\, legrrs\
lexicographic→legrc, lexic
Lexicographic→legrc\, lexic\
lexicographical→legrl, lexicl
Lexicographical→legrl\, lexicl\
lexicography→legr
Lexicography→legr\
lexicological→lexil
Lexicological→lexil\
lexicology→lexi
Lexicology→lexi\
lexicon（词汇表）→lexicn
lexico-semantic→lesec, lsec
lexis-driven（词语驱动）→ledr, ldrn
Lexis-Nexis→lene, lnes
liaison interpretating (bilateral interpreting)→liin
liaison interpreter→liinr, liir
Liaoning Province→lipr
Liaoning→liao
liberal→libe
Liberal→libe\
liberalism→liber
liberating→libeg
Liberation→liben\
liberation→liben
Library of Congress→licon
library→libr, lib
licentious→lice
licentiousness→lices
life history→lihiy
Life History→lihiy\
life histories→lihiys
lifelong learning→lile
light emitting diode (LED)→led
likelihood→lihod
likelihood grammar（或然语法）→ligr
likewise→liwie
Likewise→liwie\
limitation→limin
Limitations of the Study and Suggestions for Further Research→lssr
limitations→limis, limins
linear relationship（线性关系）→lire
line spacing→lispg
Lingoes→li
Lingoes Translator→litr\
lingua franca→lifr
lingua universalis (interlingua, mediating language)→liuni
linguist/translator→litrr
linguists/translators→litrrs
linguist→lingt
linguistic analysis→lian
linguistic approach→liap
linguistic behavior→libeh
linguistic choice→lich
linguistic choices→lichs
linguistic communication→licomm
linguistic competence（语言能力）→licom
linguistic context→lico
Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC)→ldc
linguistic description→lides, liden
linguistic determinism→lide
linguistic entity（语言实体）→lien
linguistic equivalence→lieq
linguistic evidence→liev
linguistic features→lifes
linguistic flux→lifl
linguistic frame→lifra
linguistic frames→lifrs
linguistic genealogy→lige
linguistic information→licinn, liinn
linguistic knowledge→likn
linguistic level→lilel
linguistic levels→lilels
linguistic meaning→limeg
linguistic meanings→limegs
linguistic mediation→limed
linguistic model→limo
linguistic patterning→pattg
linguistic performance（语言运用）→lipe
linguistic perspective→licpee, lipee
linguistic problem→lipro
linguistic problems→liprs
linguistic purism→lipum
Linguistic purism→lipum\
linguistic realization→lirea
linguistic relativism→lirela
linguistic relativity→lirey
linguistic research→lires
linguistic structure→liste
linguistic structures→listes
linguistic stylistics→list
linguistic study→licsty
Linguistic study→licsty\
linguistic studies→licstys
Linguistic studies→licstys\
linguistic test→lites
linguistic theories→liths
linguistic theory→lith
linguistic transfer→litran
linguistic translation→lictrn, litn
linguistic typology→lityy
linguistic universal→liunl
linguistic→lingc
linguistically diverse→liydie
linguistically schizophrenic→lisc
linguistically→lingy
linguistically-creative→licr, lcre
linguistically-oriented→lior, lord
linguistics→lins, lin
Linguistics→lins\, lin\
linguist→lint
linguists→lints
linkage→linke
linkages→linkes
lip synchronization→lisyn
liquid crystal display (LCD)→lcd
liquid ink pen→lipn
listening selective→lisel
literal meaning→lime
literal meaning→limes
literal rendition→liren
literal translation→litr
literalism→lite
literally→litey
literariness→liters
literary criticism→licri
literary dialect→lidi
literary forms→lifos
literary norms→limos
literary studies→listu
literary stylistics→listy
literary systems→lisys
literary text→litex
literary texts→litexs
literary theories→lithes
literary theory→lithe
literary tradition→litrad
literary traditions→litras
literary translation→litn, litrn
literary translations→litns, litrns
Literary Translation→litnc
literary translators→litrs
literary work→liwoks
literary works→liwoks
literary writing→liwrg
literary writings→liwrgs
literary→lity
Literary→lity\
literate language→lila
literature→lit
Literature→lit\
Literature Review→lire\, lr\, lirew\
literature review→lirev, lr, lirew
Lithuanian→lithn
livestock→listo
loan translation (calque)→lotr
loan word→lowo
loan words→lowos
local area network (LAN)→lan
local strategies→losts
local strategy→lostra
locale codes→locos
localization engineer→loenr
localization engineering→loen
Localization Industry Standards Association (LISA)→lisa
localization industry→liind
localization manager→lomar
localization process→loproc
localization project→lopro
localization specialist→lospt
localization testing→lote
Localization ToolKit→ltk
localization tools→lotos
localization→locan, l10n
locative case→locas
Locke, John→lock
locked-in effect→lie
locution→locu
locutionary act→loac
locutionary meaning→lome
log likelihood（对数或然率）→loli
logeme→loge
logic semantics（逻辑语义）→lose
logical fallacies→lofas
logical fallacy→lofa
logical positivism→lopo
logical positivist→lopot
Logical Positivists→lopots
Logical Positivists→lopots
logical relations→lores
logical structure→lostr
logical subject→losu
Logical Typing→loty
logical→logil
logically speaking→losp
logically→logiy
Logos Translation System→lts
London & New York: Routledge.→rout
London-Lund Corpus (LLC)→llc
long term memory→ltm
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth→lofe
longitudinal studies（纵向研究）→lost
long-term→loter, ltem
look at →loat
looked at →lodat, loatd
looking at →logat, loatg
look into →loino
looked into →lodino, loind
looking into →logino, loing
loose translation→lot, lotra
loosely woven→lowov
Lorca, Frederico Garcia→lorc
Los Angeles→loan
loss of meaning→lomea
loudness (of a sound)→loud
Louisiana→loui
Low Countries Group (Manipulation School)→log
low profile→lopr
Lowell, Robert→rolo, lowe
low-level→lole, llel
low-quality→loqu, lquy
lubricate→lubr
Luther, Martin→luth
Luther, Martin→luth, malu
Lutheran paradigm→lupa
Lutheran→luthn
Lutheranism→luthe
Lutherans→luths
Lyons, John→lyon
lyric poems→lypos
lyric poetry→lypo
MacArthur Foundation→mafo
Macau Special Administrative Region→msar
Macdonald→macd
Machiavelli, Niccolo→machi
machine language→malan
machine readable→maree
machine translation algorithm→mta
machine translation→mt
Machine Translation→mt\
machine translator→matr
machine translators→matrs
machine→mach
machine-assisted human translation (MAHT)→mht, maht
machinery→machy
machines→machs
Macmillan→macm
macro level→male
macrocontext→macont
macrocontextual→macol
macropropositions→maprs
macrostructural→mastl
macrostructure→mastr
macro-text→matex, mtet
macro-to-micro-level analysis→mmla
Madison→madi
magazine→maga
magazines→magas
Magna Carta→maca
Mahayana→mahaa
Mahayana Buddhism→mabum
Mahler, Gustav→mahl
mailing list→mali
mailing lists→maliss
mailing targets→mata
mainframe computer→maco
mainframe computers→macoms
mainframe system→masy
mainframe systems→masys
mainland→mala
mainstream→mast
maintain→main
maintaining of conversation→macon
maintenance→maine
Maintenance→maine\
major findings→mafis
Major Findings→mafis\
majority language→mal
majority→majo
Malaysia (Capital: Kuala Lumpur; 马来西亚，首都：吉隆坡)→malay, malaixiya
Malinowski, Bronislaw→malin
Mallarme, Stephane→mall
Malmkjær, Kirsten→malm
Malthus, Thomas→malth
manage→mana
management of face→mafa
management→manat
Management→manat\
Manchester→manc
Mandarin→mand
Manet, Edouard→manet
maneuver→mane
manifestation→manifn
manipulate→mani
Manipulation School (Low Countries Group)→masc\, masch
manipulation→manin
Manipulation→manin\
manipulations→manins
manipulativist→manit
manipulator→manir
Mann, Thomas→mann
manner of articulation→maar
manual translation→matra
manufacture→manu
manufacturer→manur
manufacturers→manurs
manufactures→manus
manufacturing→manug
manuscript→mascr
many-to-one correspondence→moc
Mapping theory→matheo
mapping→mapp
marginal→margl
marginalization→margn
marginalize→margi
marginalized→margd
Marianne→leder
marijuana→mari
marked theme→mathem
markedly→marky
markedness→marks
markers→markrs
market development→made
marketing→markg
Marlowe, Christopher→marl
Marquez, Gabriel Garcia→marq
marshal→mars
Martinique (Capital: Fort-de-France; 马提尼克[法]，首都：法兰西堡)→mart, matinike
Marxism→marx
Maryland→maland, maryl
masculine→masce
masculinity→mascy
Maslowe’s Hierarchy of Needs→mhns
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)→mit
Massachusetts→mass
mass destruction weapons→mdws
mass transit→matrt
Master of Arts→ma
Master of Science→masc
matched-guise technique→mgt
matching→matcg
materialism→mater
materialize→mate
materials→mates
mathematical linguistics→mali
mathematical→mathl
mathematics→math
matricial norm→mano
matricial norms→manos
matricial→matrl
matrimonial→matril
matrimony→matr
Matthew→matt
maturation→matun
maupassant, guy de→maup
mausoleum→maus
Mausoleum→mausc
Maxim Gorky, Maxim→
maximizer→maxir
maxims of cooperation→macos
maximum→maxim
Mayakovsky, Vladimir→maya
McDonald’s→mcdo
McDonaldization theory→matheo
McGill University→mcun
mean length of utterance (MLU)→mlu
meaning potential→mepot
meaning→m, me
Meaning→m\, me\
meanings→ms, mes
meaningful→meanl, ml
meaningful results→mere
meaningless→meles, mls, ms
meaning unit→meunt
meaning units→meunts
meanwhile→mewh
measure→meas
measurement→meast
measures→meass
measure up to →mut
measuring instruments→meins
mechanical→mechl
mechanically→mechly
mechanics→mechs
mechanism→mechm
mechanisms→mechms
media studies→mestu
media translation→metrn
Media Translation→metrn\
mediated translation (indirect translation, intermediate translation, retranslation, second-hand translation)→metra
mediating language (interlingua, lingua universalis)→melan
mediating→medig
mediation→medin
mediator→medir
mediators→medirs
medicine→medic
Medicine→medic\
medieval period→mepe
medieval tradition→metrad
medieval→medil
Medieval→medil\
mediocre→medie
Mediterranean→meditn
medium-restricted→meres, mred
megabyte (MB)→meby
megabytes (MBs)→mebys
megalopolis→mepol
mega-parameter→mepar, mpar
Melanesia→melane
Melanesian→melann
Member of the Institute of Linguists (MIL)→mil
Member of the Institute of Translation and Interpreting (MITI )→miti
membership→memb
Membership→memb\
Memorial Award→meaw
Memorial Medal→meme
Memorial Prize→mepr
Mencius→menc
Mendelssohn→mend
mental grammar→megr
mental representation→merep
mental word→mewo
mental words→mewos
mentalistic→mentc
mentoring scheme→mesc
Mentoring Scheme→mesc\
merchant→merct
merchants→mercts
meronymy→mero
Merriam-Webster→mewe
message→mess
Message→mess\
messages→messs
Messages→messs\
message-transmitter→metrr, mtrr
messenger→messr
Messenger→messr\
messianic hope→meho
messianic→messc
metacognitive strategy→mest
metacommunication→mecon
metadiscourse→medis
metadrama→medr
meta-expressions→meexs, mexs
metafiction→mefin
meta-language→mela, mel, mlae
metalingual language→melil
metalinguistic→melic
Metalinguistic→melic\
metalinguistic knowledge→mekn
metamessage→memes
meta-model→memo, mmol
metamorphoses→memor
metaphor→meta
metaphorical cue→mecu
metaphorical meaning→memea
metaphorical phrase→mephr
metaphorics→metap
metaphors→metas
metaphrase (verbal translation)→meph
metaphysical→mephl
metaphysical→metal
metaphysics→mephy
metapoem→mepo
metapoetry→mepoe
meta-pragmatic→meprc, mprc
metaprogram→mepro
meta-representation→meren, mren
metasearch engine→msen
metasearch engines→msens
metatext→metex
metatextual→metext
metatheory→methe
metempsychosis→meem
meteorological→metel
Methodius, Saint→metho
methodological→methl
methodologically→methly
Methodologically→methly\
methodical→metdl
methodically→metdly, metdy
Methodically→metdly\, metdy\
methodology→methy
Methodology→methy\
methods→meths
methods of instruction→meinns
Methods of Instruction→meinns\
meticulous→metis
meticulously→metiy
metonym→meto
metonyms→metos
metonymy→meton
metric form→mefo
metric pattern→mepa
metric unit→meun
metrical translation→metran
metrical→metrl
Mexican→mexin
Meyer (2002)→meyer
Michael→micha
Michelangelo→miche
Michelangelo→miche
Mickiewicz, Adam→mick
microcomputer→mico
microcontext→micont
microcontext→micont
micro-level→milev, mlel
Micronesia→mines
Microsoft→miso, ms\
Microsoft Access→msac
Microsoft Encarta Reference Library (CD-ROM)→merl
Microsoft Excel→msex
Microsoft FrontPage→msfr
Microsoft Graph→migr
Microsoft Help Compiler→mhcr
Microsoft Office→mso
Microsoft Outlook→msou
Microsoft PowerPoint→mspo, mspp
Microsoft Student→mistu
Microsoft Visual Basic→mvb
Microsoft Visual C++→mvc+
Microsoft Visual Studio→mvs
Microsoft Windows→mswi
Microsoft Word→mswo
microstructural→mistl
microstructure→miste
micro-text→mite
microtextual→mitel
Mid-Autumn Festival→miau, mafe, maf
Middle Ages→miag
middle class→micl
Middle English→mien
Middle High German→mhge
middle income→miinc
middle voice→mivo
Midsummer Night’s Dream→mnd
migrant worker→miwo, miwor
migrant workers→miwos, miwors
military chess→michs
Mill, John Stuart→mill
Milton, John→milt
mimesis→mimes
mimetic form→mifo
mimetic→mimec
mimicking→mimig
mind reading→mirea
mind-shift→mish, msht
Minerva→mine
minimal pair→mipa
minimal→minil
minimax principle→mipr
minimax strategy→mista
minimax strategy→mistr
minimax theorem→mith
minimum→minim
Ministry of Education→moe
Minnesota→minn
minorities→minos
minoritizing translation (foreignizing translation)→mitran
minoritizing→minog
minority group→migrp
minority groups→migrps
minority languages→milas
minority→mino
miscellaneous→miscs
Miscellaneous→miscs\
miscellaneous charges→mich
miscommunication→micom
misconception→micon
misconceptions→micos
misfire→mifi
misinterpretation→miinn
misinterpretations→miinns
misinterprete→miin
misleading→mileg
mismatch→mima
mismatches→mimas
misprint→mipri
misprints→miprs
misreading→mireg
mission→missn
Mission→missn\
missionaries→misss
missionary scholars→mischs
missionary→miss
Missionary→miss\
Mississippi→missi
Missouri→misso
mistake→mitae
mistakes→mitaes
Mistakes→mitaes\
mistake in translation→mitra
mistakes in translation→mitras
mistranslating→mitrg
mistranslation→mitr
Mistranslation→mitr\
mistranslations→mitrs
Mistranslations→mitrs\
mistransliteration→mitrli, mitrln, mitrans
mistransliterations→mitrlis, mitrlns, mitranss
misunderstanding→miung
misunderstood→ misud, miund
Mitchell→mitc
mitigate→mitig
mitigation→mitin
mixing of levels→mile
modal auxiliaries→moaus
modal auxiliary→moau
modal particle→mopa
modal particles→mopas
modal verb→mover
modal verbs→movers
modality marker→momar
modality→moday
mode of discourse→modisc
mode of thought→moth
modelling→modeg
moderator variable（调节变量）→mova
moderator→moder
modern Chinese→moch
Modern English→moen
Modern High German→mhg
modern history→mohiy
Modern Language Association (MLA)→mla
Modern Language Association of America→mlaa
modernism→modee
modernism→modern
modernist→modet
Modernist→modet\
modernization→moden
Modernization→moden\
modernize→mode
modernized→moded
modernizing translation→motra
modernizing translations→motras
modes of translation→motr
modification→modin
modified→modid
modifier→modir
modularization→moduln
modularize→modul
modulate→modu
modulation→modun
momentarily→momey
momentum→mome
monarchy→monay
Monarchy→monay\
monastic→monac
monasticism→monas
Mongol Golden Horde→mgh
Mongolia (Capital: Ulan Bator; 蒙古国，首都：乌兰巴托)→mong, menggu
Mongolian→mongn
monitor→moni
monitoring→monig
monochronic→mochc
monograph→mogr
monolingual corpora→mocors
monolingual corpus→mocor
monolingual dictionaries→modis
monolingual dictionary→modi
monolingual→molil
monologue→molo
monophthong→moph
monosyllabic→mosyc
monotheism→mothe
Montague grammar→mogra
Montague grammarians→mograns
Montaigne, Michel→monta
Montesquieu→monte
Montgomery→mont
Montserrat (Capital: Plymouth; 蒙特塞拉特[英]，首都：普利茅斯)→monts, mengtesailate
moral rights→mori
more frequent than chance（高于或然率）→mfc
More, Sir Thomas→more
Mormon Church→mochu
morning→morng
Moroccan→moron
morpheme→morpe
morphemes→morpes
morpheme-by-morpheme→momor
morphemic→morpc, morpec
Morphemic→morpc\, morpec\
morphological analyzer→moanr
morphological marker→moma
morphological motivation→momo
morphological→morpl
morphology→morpy
Morphology→morpy\
Morris, Charles→morr
Morse code→mocod
Mosaic Law→mola
mother tongue→moto
Mother’s Day（母亲节，5月第二个星期日）→moda, mqj
motivated choice→mocho
motivated→motid
motivatedness→motids
motivation→motin
Motivation→motin\
motivations→motins
motivations→motis
motorway→mowa
Mounin, Georges→mouni
Mountain View→movi
mountain→moun
Mountain→moun\
mountainous→mounts
mountains→mouns
Mountains→mouns\
move (in conversation)→moco
Movement→movet\
movement→movet
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus→mozar
Mozilla Firefox→mofi, mff, ff
MT engine→mten
MT engines→mtens
MT studies→mtsts, mts
Muhammad→muha
multi-boot system→mbs
Multiconcord→mucon
multidimensional structure→mds
multidimensionality→mudimy
multidirectional→mudil
multidisciplinarity→mudisy
multidisciplinary→mudiy
multi-faceted→mufa, mfad
multifunctionality→mufuy
multi-language vendors→mlvs
multilateral translation→mutra
multilingual content management→mcm
multilingual corpora→mucos
multilingual corpus→muco
multilingual terminology databases→mtds
multilingual translation→mutra
multilingual→mulil
multilingualism→muli
Clevedon · Buffalo · Toronto · Sydney: Multilingual Matters Ltd.→mumasc
multimedia translation→mutr
Multimedia Translation→mutr\
multi-medial→mumel
multi-medial texts→mmts
multinational companies→mncs
multinational company→mnc
multinational→munal
multiple language pairs→mlp
multiple-choice→much
multiple-choice question→mcqu
multiple-choice questions→mcqs
multiple stages→musts
multiple translation→mutra
multiple→multe
multiple-stage→must, mste
multiplication→multn
multiply→mult
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)→mime
multi-stage translation→mst
MultiTerm→mute
multivariate statistics（多变量统计法）→mvst
multi-word expression（MWE，多字词组）→mwe
multi-word strings→mwss
multi-word→muwo, mwod
Munday (2001)→mundy
Munday, Jeremy→mund
municipal→munil
Municipal→munil\
Municipal Committee→muco\
Municipal Railway→muray\
municipalities→munis
municipality→muniy
Municipality→muniy\
mushroom→muro
Mussolini→muso
mutation→muta
mutual dependency→mude
mutual information→muin
mutual intelligibility→muint
mutual→mutul
mysterious→mysts
mysteriously→mystsy
mysteries→mystys
mystical→mystl
mysticism→myst, mystm
mystification→mystn
mythology→myth
Nabokov, Vladimir→nabo
Nairobi Declaration (Nairobi Recommendation)→nade
Nairobi Recommendation (Nairobi Declaration)→narec
nakedness→nakes
naming scheme→nasc
Nanjing University→nu, nju
南京大学外国语学院→njdy
南京大学外国语学院英语系→njdx
Nanjing University→naun
Napoleon Bonaparte→napo
narration→narrn
narrative structure→nast
narrative→narre
narratology→narrat
narrow focus→nafos
nasal cavity→naca
nasalization→nasan
Nashville→nash
national→natil, natl
National→natil\, natl\
nationals→natils, natls
nationalism→natim
Nationalism→natim\
nationalist→natit
Nationalist→natit\
nationalists→natits
Nationalists→natits\
nationalize→nati
nationalization→natin
Nationalization→natin\
nationalized→natid
National Accreditation Authority for Translators and Interpreters (NAATI)→naai
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)→nasa
National Book Award→nba
National Day of the People’s Republic of China（中华人民共和国国庆节，10月1日）→ndpc, gqj
National Endowment for the Humanities→nehs
national language→natnlae, nala
national languages→natnlae, nalas
National Register of Public Service Interpreters→nrpi
National Specification for Translation Service of the People’s Republic of China (《中华人民共和国国家标准：翻译服务规范》[2004年6月1日生效])→nsts, fanyifuwuguifan
national term→nate
national terms→nates
native English speaker→nesr
native English speakers→nesrs
Native English speakers→nesrs\
native language→nalan, nal
native speaker competence→nsc
native speaker→naspr
native speakers→nasprs
native tongue competence→ntc
native tongue→nato
native translator→natr
native-American→naam, namn
native-Americans→naams, nams
natural conversation→nacon
natural language→natrlae, nallae, nalae, nl
natural languages→natrlaes, nallaes, nalaes, nls
natural language processing (NLP)→nlp
Natural Language Processing (NLP)→nlp\
natural setting→nase
natural translation→natra
naturalist→natut
naturalists→natuts
naturalistic→natuc
Naturalistic→natuc\
naturalistic data→nada
naturalize→natu
naturalized translation→natrn
naturalized→natud
naturally occurring data→nod
naturally occurring group design（自然分组设计）→nogd
naturally occurring variable（自生变量）→nova
naturally occurring→naoc
naturalness→natus
navigate→navi
navigation→navin
Nazareth→naza
ncreasing→incrg
near adverb→neve
near demonstrative→nede
nearest and dearest→nedet
near-kernel→neke, nkel
near-synonym→nesy, nsym
near-synonyms→nesys, nsys
Nebraska→nebr
necessary degree of differentiation (necessary degree of precision)→ndd
necessary degree of precision (necessary degree of differentiation)→ndp
necessary→nece
necessarily→neceyy
necessitate→necee
necessitated→neceed
necessity→necey
negative feature（负特征）→nefe
negative features（负特征）→nefe
negative pronoun→napr
negative proposition→
negative prosody（消极语义韵）→nepr
negative question→naqu, naq
negative reinforcement→nare
negative shift→nesh
negative skew（负偏态）→nesk
negative transfer→netrr
negative→negae
negatively skewed（负偏斜）→neskd
negatives→negas
negligence→negle
negligent→neglt
negotiability→negoy
negotiable→negoe
negotiate→nego
negotiating→negog
negotiation model→nemo
negotiation→negon
neighborhood→neig, nehod, neigd
neighboring→neigg
neo-classical→necl, ncll
neo-Kantian→nkan
neologism→neol
neologisms→neols
Neoplatonists→neplt
Neruda, Pablo→neru
net pre-tax income→npti
Netherlands Antilles (Capital: Willemstad; 荷属安的列斯，首都：威廉斯塔德)→nean, heshuandiliesi
the Netherlands→nethe, nelas, neths
Netscape Navigator→nenar
network→newo
Network→newo\
networking→newog
Networking→newog\
network infrastructure→neinf
Neubert, Albrecht→neub
neuroimaging→neimg
neurolinguistic programming→nlpr
neurolinguistic→nelic
neurolinguistics→neli
neutral prosody（中性语义韵）→nepro
neutrality→neuty
neutralization→neutn
nevertheless→neth
New Caledonia (Capital: Noumea; 新喀里多尼亚[法]，首都：努美阿)→ceca, xinkaliduoniya
New Criticism→necr
New Critics→necrs
New Hampshire→neha
new information→nein
New Jersey→neje
New Mexico→neme
New Scientist→nesc
New Testment→nt
new words→newos
New Words→newos\
New Words Corpus Search→nwcs
New Words Search→nws
new words→newos
New Year’s Day（元旦，1月1日）→nyd
New York→neyo
New Yorker, the→neyor
New Zealand (Capital: Wellington; 新西兰，首都：惠灵顿)→neze, xinxilan
New Zealand→neze
Newmark, Peter→newm
news headline→nehe
news headlines→nehes
News Headlines→nehes\
news interview talk→nit
news report→nere
news reports→neres
newsgroup→negr
newsgroups→negrs
newspaper reporting style→nrs
newspaper→nepa
newspapers and magazines→nema
newspapers→nepas
Newsweek→newe
Nibelungenlied→nibe
Nicholas→nich
Nicholson→nicho
nickname→nina
Nida, Eugene→nida
Nietzsche, Friedrich→niet
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, the→nhar
Niranjana, Tejaswini→nira
Nitra School→nisc
Niue (Capital: Alofi; 纽埃[新]，首都：阿洛菲)→niue, niuai
Nixon, Richard→nixo
Nobel Prize→nopri
node word（节点词）→nowo
no-leftover principle→nlop
nomenclature→nome
Nomenclature→nome\
nominal clause→nocl
nominal scale（称名量表）→nosc
nominal sentence→nose
nominal→nomil
nominalization（名词化）→nomin
nominalization→nomin
nominalization→nomina
nominalize→nomi
nominative case→noca
nominative language→nola
nominative→nomie
non-academic→noacc, nacc
non-binary error→nbe
non-binary errors→nbes
non-canonized literature→ncli
non-casual language→ncl
Non-Christian→nochn, nchn
Non-Christians→nochns, nchns
non-cognitive constraints→nccs
non-communicated→nocod, ncod
non-cooperation→nocoo, ncon
non-defining relative clause→ndrc, nrc
non-English→noen
Non-English→noen\
non-equivalent words→news
non-essentialism→noes, nesm
nonetheless→noth
non-fiction literature→nfl
non-fiction→nofi, nfin
non-finite verb→nfv
nongradable antonym→noan
non-linguistic system→nlsm
non-linguistic systems→nlsms
nonlinguistic world→nlw
non-linguistic→nolic, nlic
non-literal→nolil, nlil
non-literary text→nlte
non-literary texts→nltes
non-literary translation→nlt
non-literary translation→nlt
non-literary translator→nltr
non-literary→noliy, nliy
non-native language→nnl
non-native languages→nnls
non-obligatory shift→nosh
non-obligatory shifts→noss
non-obligatory→nooby, noby
non-observables→noobs, nobes
non-one-to-one correspondence→nooc
nonparallel structures→npss
nonparallel→nopal
non-performing→nope, npeg
non-phonetic script→npsc
non-prescriptive→nopre, npre
non-related language translation→nrlt
nonreligious→nores
nonrestrictive attributive→nra
non-routine tasks→nrts
Nonsensical→nosel
non-standard→nost, nstd
non-standardized language→nsl
non-standardized→nostd, nstad
non-structural substitution→nss
nontechnical→notel
nontechnical term→nttm, noltem
nontechnical terms→nttms, noltems
non-translatable→notre, ntre
non-translatables→notre, ntres
non-translation→notrn, notn, ntn
non-verbal communication→nvc
non-verbal language→nvl
non-verbal→nover, nvel
non-vocal→novo, nvol
non-Western→nowes, nowesn, nwen
Nord, Christiane→nord, chno
Nordic languages→nolas
Norfolk Island (Capital: Kingston; 诺福克岛，首都：金斯敦)→nois, nuofuke
normadic→normc
Normal.dot→nodo
normal distribution（正态分布）→nodi
normalization→normn
normalize→norm
normally→normy
Norman Conquest→noco
normative grammar→nogr
normative model→nomo
normative pronouncement→nopr
normative rule→noru
normative rules→norus
normative→norme
normativity→normay
norm-breaking→nobrg, nbrg
norm-referenced test（N-RT，常模参照醒实验）→nrt, note
norms of translation→notr
North Africa→noaf
North African→noafn
North America→noam
North American→noamn
North Carolina→nocar
North Dakota→nodak
northeast→noea
Northeast→noea\
northeastern→noean
Northeastern→noean\
northern→non
Northern→non
Northern→non\
northern→nortn
northwest→nowe
Northwest→nowe\
Northwestern University→noun
northwestern→nowen
Northwestern→nowen\
Norway→noway
Norwegian→nowan
notarization→notan
notarize→nota
notary public→nopu
note-taking→notag, ntag
Nothern Ireland→noir
noticeable→notie
notional meaning→nomea
not only →noon
notorious→notos
Nottingham→nott
noun phrase (NP)→noph, np
Noun Phrase→noph\, np\
noun phrases→nophs, nps
novelty（新颖性）→novey
November→nove
Novgorod→novg
nowadays→noda
nterpretative→inpre
nuclear energy→nuen
nuclear physics→nuph
null hypothesis（空假设）→nuhy
number→numb, n
numbers→numbs, ns
numeral→nume, num
numerous→numes
nursery rhyme→nurhe
nursery rhymes→nurhes
O’Connor→ocon
O’Neill, Eugene→onei
OALD →oa
object→obj
objective case→obca
objective→obje, objee
objectivity→objey
obligation→oblin
obligations→oblins
obligatory equivalents→obeqs
obligatory feature→obfe
obligatory features→obfes
obligatory shift→obsh
obligatory shifts→obshs
obligatory→obliy
oblique and level tones（平仄）→obt
oblique translation→obtr
obscurity→obscs
obscurity→obscy
observables→obses
observance→obsee
observation→obsen
observational receiver→obrer
observational→obsel
observations→obsens
observe→obse
observed→obsed
observed frequency（观察频数）→obfr
observed scores（观察分数）→obsc
observed statistic（可观察的统计）→obst
obstacle→obstc
obstacles→obstcs
obstruction of justice→obju
obstruction→obstn
obstruent→obstt
obvious→obvis
obviously→obviy
Obviously→obviy\
occasion→occan
occasionally→occay
occasions→occas
occupation→occun
occupational→occul
occupations→occus
occurrence→occue
occurring→occug
Oceania→ocea
oceanic→oceac
October→octo
Odyssey (Homer)→odys
Oedipus complex→oeco
Oedipus Rex (Sophocles/Holderlin)→oere
of course→ofco
Of Grammatology (Derrida/Spivak)→ofgr
offer of information→ofin
office behaviour→ofbe
office consumable→ofco
official language→ofla
official→offil
Official→offil\
officially→offiy
offshore petroleum→ofpe
offshore→ofsh
offspring→ofsp
oilfield→oifi
Oilfield→oifi\
oilfields→oifis
Oklahoma→okla
Old English→olen
Old High German→ohg
Old Testament→ot
olfaction→olfan
olfactory→olfay
Olohan, Maeve→oloh
Olympia→olym
omissibility→omisy
omissible→omise
omission→omisn
One Hundred Years of Solitude→ohys
OneLook Dictionaries→olds
one-off lump sum payment→ools
one-tailed decision（单侧判定）→otd, onde
one-tailed hypothesis（单侧假设）→oth, onhy
one-time aspect→ota, onas
one-to-many correspondence→omc
one-word metaphor→owm
one-word→onwo, owod
online consultancy（在线查询）→onco
online corpora→oncos
online corpus（在线语料库）→oncor
online documentation→ondo
online file transfer→oft
online forum→olfo, onfo
online forums→olfos, onfos
online help engineering→ohe
online help→onhe
online translation→ontr, olt
online→onli
Online→onli\
onomasiology→onoma
onomatopoeia→onom
onomatopoeic word→onwor
onomatopoeic→onomc
on second thought, →ostt
On second thought, →ostt\
On the basis of →otbo\, onbaf\
on the basis of →otbo, onbaf
on the other hand, →otoh, oohd
On the other hand, →otoh\, oohd\
on-the-fly alignment→ofa
on-the-fly→onfl
on through which→onwh
opaque word→opwo
opative mood→opmo
Open University→opun
open-choice principle（开放选择原则）→ocpr
open-choice→opch, oche
open-ended corpora→oecs
open-ended corpus→oec
open-ended→open, oend
opening address→opad
opening of conversation→opco
operating→operg
operating environment→openv
operating system→opsy, os
Operating System→opsy\, os\
operating systems→opsys, oss
Operation→opern\
operation→opern
operational→operl
Operational→operl\
operational definition（操作定义）→opde
operational model→opmod
operational norms→opmos
operational norms→opnos
operational text→optex
operationalization→operan
operationalize→opera
operative texts (appeal-focused texts)→optes
operative→oprae
operators→opers
opportunities→oppos
opportunity→oppoy
opposition parties→oppa
opposition→oppon
optical character recognition (OCR)→ocr
optimal equivalence→opeq
optimal relevance→opre
optimal translation→optr
optimization→optin
optional equivalents→opeqs
optional shift→opsh
optional shifts→opshs
optional→optil
oral reading→orre
oral tradition→ortr
orality marks→ormas
orality→oraly
ordinal scale（顺序量表）→orsc
ordinate（纵坐标）→ordi
organic agriculture→orag
organic form (content-derivative form)→orfo
organic strategy→orst
organic whole→orwh
organic→orgac
organism→orga
organization→organ
Organization→organ\
organizations→organs
organizational→orgal
Organizational→orgal\
organization of argument→orar
organization of thought→orth
organize→org
organizing structures→orsts
organon-model→ormo, omol
orientation→orien
oriented→oried
original author→orau
Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM)→oem
original meaning→ormeg
original metaphor→orme
original text→orte
original→origl
originality→origy
originals→origs
originated→origd
originating→origg
Orthodox Church→orch
Orthodox→orth\
orthodox→orthx
orthodoxy→orthod
orthographic analysis（正字分析）→oran
orthographic→orgrc, orthog
orthography→orgr, ortho
Orwell, George→orwe
oscillation→oscin
Ossianic Poetry→ospo
ostensible→ostee
otherwise→otwi
Ottoman Empire→otem
outbound translation→outr
out-group→ougr, ogrp
outlet→oule
outlets→oules
outline→oulie
outlines→oulis
outlined→oulid
outlining→oulig
outlook→oulo
Outlook→oulo\
outlooks→oulos
Outlook Express→ouex
output quality→ouqu
output→oupu
outrageous→ouras
outside→ousi
outsourcing→ousog
outstanding→oustg
Outstanding→oustg\
over-extension→ovex, oexn
overhead→ovhe
overlapping meanings→ovmes
overlapping translation (partially overlapping translation)→ovtran
overlapping→ovlag
overlexicalization→ovlen
overlexicalize→ovle
overload→ovlo
overloaded translation (under-translation)→oltr
overloading→ovlog
overriding→ovrig
overseas→ovses
oversimplification→ovsin
Oversimplification→ovsin\
oversimplified→ovsid
oversimplify→ovsi
over-specification→ovspn, ospn
overstate→ovst
overstatement→ovstt
overt culture→ovcu
overt translation→ovtr
overtime rates→ovra
overtone→ovto
overtype→ovty
overview→ovvi
Overview→ovvi\
Oxford→oxfo
Oxford Companion to English Literature→ocel
Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary→oald
Oxford Concordance Program（OCP，牛津语词索引检索程序）→ocp
Oxford University→oxun
Oxford: Oxford University Press.→oup, ooup
Oxford World Encyclopedia (1998)→owea
Pacific Ocean→paoc
Pacific→pacic
PACTE Group→paegrp
page break→pabrk
page breaks→pabrks
page layout→palay
PageMaker→pamar
page number→panur
page numbers→panurs
painstaking→patag
Paint Shop→pash
painter→pr
Painter→pr\
painters→prs
pairs of word class tag（词类码对子）→pwct
Pakistan→pakis
palatal→pala
palatalization→palan
palatalized→palad
Palestine→palee
Panama Canal Zone, the→pcz
Pandora’s box→pabox
Pantheon Books→pabo
papacy→papa
paperback→paba
parable→parab
ParaConc→pacoc
paradigm→param
paradigms→params
paradigmatic→parac
paradigmatic axis（聚合轴）→paax
paradigmatic equivalence→paeq
paradigmatic semantic relation→psr
paradoxical→paradxl, pardl
paragraph→pagr
Paragraph→pagr\
paragraphs→pagrs
paragraph style→pahste
paragraph styles→pahstes
paralinguistic device→pade
paralinguistic feature→pafe
paralinguistic features→pafes
paralinguistic features→plfs
paralinguistic→palic
parallel→paral
parallel conceptual analysis→pcas
parallel conceptual analysis and definition comparison→pcacn
parallel corpora (bilingual corpora)→pacos
parallel corpus (bilingual corpus)→paco
parallel structure→paste
parallel text→pate
parallel texts→pates
parallel translation→patran
parallelism→paralm, parlm
parameter（参数）→pame
parameters→pames
paramount→pamot
paraphrase→paph
paratactic construction→paconst
paratactic construction→paconst
paratactic→patac
paratext→patex
paratexts→patexs
paraverb→pave
parental appeals→paaps
parentheses→parens
parenthesis→paren
parenthetical statement→pasta
parliament→parlt
Parliament→parlt\
Parliamentarian→parln
Parliamentarians→parlns
parliamentary→parly
parodic→paroc
parodistic translation→patransla
parsing（句法分析）→parsg
part of speech (POS) tagging→psta
part of speech→pasp, pos
partial recurrence→parec
Partial Theories of Translation→ptt
partial translation→patrans
partial→partl
partially-overlapping translation→pot
participant observation→paob
participant→partt
participants→partts
participate→part
participated→partd
participation framework→pafr
participation→partn
participative receiver→pare
participle→parte
participles→partes
particular affirmative→
particular negative→
particular→partr
particularism→particul
particularities→parts
particularizing translation→patransl
particularly→party
partition→partin
partitions→partins
passable translation→patn
passable translations→patns
passé composé→pacoe
passé simple→pasi
passenger→passr
passengers→passrs
passible→passe
passive construction→pacons
passive constructions→paconss
passive voice→pavo
passivization→passn
passport→papo
Passport→papo\
participle construction→pacon
past participle→papae, pp
past participles→papaes, pps
past tense→paten
Pasternak, Boris→paste
patent translation→patra
paternalism→pater
paternal/maternal→pamal
patient（受动者）→patit
patriarch→patr
Patriarch→patr\
patriarchal language→palang
patriarchic→patrc
patriarchy→patry
patronage→patre
patronage→patro
pattern matching→pama
pattern→patt
patterning of collocations→pacol
patterning→pattg
patterns of usage→pauss
Pavlov, Ivan→pavl
pay attention to →pato
paid attention to →patod
payment→paymt, pay
Paz, Octavio→paz
PC Webopedia→pcw
PDF Writer→pdwrr
peak value（峰值）→peva
pedagogic→pedac
pedagogical→pedal
pedagogic activity→peacy
pedagogic activities→peacys
pedagogy→peda
peer review→pere
peer reviewer→perer
peer reviewers→perers
Peirce, Charles→peir
pejorative→pejoe
Peking University Press→pup
Peking University→peun, beun
penalties→penas
penalty interest→pein
penalty→pena
penetrate→penet
penetration→penen
Penguin Books→pebo
Penguin Classics→pecls
Pennsylvania→penn
pentameter→peme
Pentateuch→pent
People’s Government→pego\
People’s Republic of China, the→prc
Pepsi Cola→pecol
perceivable→perce
percent→perc
percentile scores（百分位分数）→pesc
perception→percn
Perdu University→peuni
parenthesize→paree
Parenthesize→paree
parenthesized→pared
parenthesizing→pareg
perfect(ive) aspect→peas
perfect→perft
perfection→perfn
perfectionism→perfec
perform→perf
performance→perfo
performative function→pefu
performative meaning→pemea
performative→perfe
performatives→perfes
perfume→perfu
perfumes→perfus
perhaps→perh
periodic pattern→pepa
periodic→peric
periodical→peri
periodicals→peris
peripheral texts→petes
peripheral translations→petrs
peripheral→peril
peripherality→periy
periphrase→peph
periphrases→pephs
perlocution→pelo
perlocutionary act→peac, pa
perlocutionary force→pefo
permanence of corpus→pecor
permanence→perme
permanent→permt
permission→permn
permit→perm
Persian→persi
persistence→pers
Persistence→pers\
persistent→perst
Persistent→perst\
persistently→persty
person in charge→pech, pic
persons in charge→pechs, pics
Personal Access Phone System (PAPS)→pap, paps
personal computer→peco
personal computers→pcs, pecos
personal construct psychology (PCP)→pcp
personal pronoun→pepr
personal pronouns→peprs
personal→persl
personalities→perss
personality→persy
personification→persn
personified→persd
personnel→persol
perspective→perse
Perspectives→perses\
perspectives→perses
perspectivizing (Burke)→persg
persuasive→persu
pervasive→perve
perversion→pervn
Peter the Great→pegr
Petrarch→petr
petrochemical→pechl
petrochemicals→pechls
petroleum→petro
phallocentric order→phor
phallocentric→phcec
phatic communication, phatic communion→phco
phatic expression→phex
phatic function→phfu
phatic language→phla
phenomenological→phenyl
phenomenological investigation→phinn
Phenomenological investigation→phinn\
phenomenologist→phenyt
phenomenologists→phenyts
Phenomenologists→phenyts\
Phenomenologist→phenyt\
phenomenology→pheny
Phenomenology→pheny\
phenomena→phena
phenomenon→phenn
Philadelphia→phila
Philippines, the →philip
philological→philol
Philological→philol\
philologist→philt
philologists→philts
philology→phily
philosopher→phsor, philr
philosophers→phsors, philrs
philosophical theories→phths
philosophical theory→phth
philosophical translation→phtrans
philosophical→phsol, phill
Philosophical→phsol\, phill\
philosophically→phsoy
philosophy→phso, philo
Philosophy→phso\, philo\
phonaesthetics→phae
phoneme→phone
phonemic asymmetry→phas
phonemic translation (homophonic translation)→phtra
phonemic→phonec
phonemics→phonem
phonetic analysis（语音分析）→phan
phonetic form (of a linguistic unit)→phfo
phonetic motivation→phmo
phonetic properties→phpr
phonetic property→phpr
phonetic recognition（语音识别）→phre
phonetic script→phsc
phonetic synthesis（语音合成）→phsy
phonetic transcription（语音转写）→phtran
phonetic→phonc
Phonetic→phonc\
Phonetics→phonc\
phonetics→phonet
phonological translation→phtr
phonological→phonl
Phonological→phonl\
phonology→phon
Phonology→phon\
phonostylistic→phstc
photocopier→phcor
photocopies→phcos
photocopy→phcop
photograph→phgr
photographer→phgrr
photographers→phgrrs
photographic→phgrc
Photographic→phgrc\
photography→phgra
Photography→phgra\
PhotoShop→phsh
phrasal compound→phcom
phrasal compounds→phcoms
phrasal verb→phve
phrasal verbs→phves
Phrase Structure Rules→psrs
phrase structure→phst
phraseology→phra
physicist→physt
physicists→physts
physiological→physl
physiology→phys
Piaget, Jean→piag
picaresque→picar
Picasso, Pablo→pica
Picken, Catriona→pick
picture show→pish
Picture Show→pish\
pidginization→pidgn
Pinocchio→pino
pioneering→piong
pitch modulation→pimod
pitch modulation→pimod
pitch movement→pimo
pitch range→pira
pitfall→pifa
Pittsburgh→pibu, pitt
pivot language→pila
place of articulation→plar
placeable→place
placeables→placs
place-deixis→plde, pdes
placement program→plpr
placement→plact, plac
place-related→plred
plagiarism→plag
plagiarize→plagi
plagiarized→plagd
Plain English→plen
platform→plfo
platforms→plfos
Platonism→plat
plausible→plaue
Playboy→plbo
playwright→plwr
Please→pls
pleonasm→pleo
pleonastic expression→plex
plot（词图）→plot
plural allomorph→plal
plural number→plnu
plural→pl
pluralism→plura
pluralistic→plurc
plurality→plury
plurilingual→pllil
plurilinguality→plliy
Plutarch→plut
Poe, Edgar Allan→poe
poetic discourse→podisc
poetic license→polic
poetic properties→poprs
poetic translation→potr
poetry into prose→popr
point of reference→poref
point of view→povi, pv
points of view→povis, pvs
polarity→polay
polemic→polec
polemical translation→potransl
polemical→polel
Policemen→pomen\
policemen→pomen
Politeness→poli\, polis\
politeness→poli, polis
political act→poac
political activities→poacts
political activity→poact
political corretness→poco
political engagement→poen
political interview→poin
political language→pola
political translation→potrn
political→polil
politician→polin
politicians→polins
polychronic→pochc
polyphonic→pophc
polysemous→poses
Polysemous→poses\
polysemy→posey
Polysemy→posey\
polysystem→posym
polysystemists→posyts
polysystems theory→poth
polysystems theory→psth
polysystems→posys
Pope, Alexander→pope
Popper, Karl→popp
popular culture→pocu
popular fiction→pofi
popular→popur
popularity→popuy
popularization→populn
popularize→popu
popularized→popud
population→popun
pornographic→pograc, pornc
pornography→pogra, porn
portable→porte
portrait→portr
Portugal→portl
Portuguese→portu
position→posin
positive →posie
positive feature（正特征）→pofe
positive features→pofes
positive prosody（积极语义韵）→popro
positive quality→poqu
positive reinforcement→pore
positive transfer→potrr
positively skewed（正偏斜）→posk
positivism→posi
positivist→posit
positron emission topography (PET)→pet
possession→possn
possessive case→poca
possessive construction→pocon
possessive constructions→pocos
possessive→posse
possibilities→posss
possibility→possy
possible outcome（可能的结果）→poeoue
possible→poss, posl
postal service→poser
postcolonialism→pocol
post-editing→poedg, pedg
Post-editing→poedg\, pedg\
post-experience courses→pecs
postgraduate→pogr, pg
posthumous→posts
Postimpressionism→poimm\
Postimpressionist→poimt\
Postimpressionists→poimts\
postmodern→pomod
postmodernism→pomode
postmodernist→pomot
post-modification→pomon, pmon
postmodifier→pomor
postpositional phrase→pophr
postpositional→popol
post-Romanticism→poro, prom
postscript→posc
post-structuralism→postru, pstm
post-structuralist→postt, pstt
post-translation editing→pted
post-translation→potrans, ptn
postulate→postu
posture→post
potato chips→pochs
potatoes→potas
potential→potel
potentiality→potey
Pound, Ezra→poun
Poussin, Nicolas→pous
power and solidarity→poso
power differentials→podis
power imbalance→poim
power play→popl
power relations→pores
PowerGREP→pogre
PowerPoint slide→ppt
PowerPoint slides→ppts
practical translation→prtransla
practical use→prus
practical uses→pruse
Practical→prac\
practical→pracl
practice effect（实践效应）→pref
practice→prac
practicing translator→prtrar
practicing translators→prtrars
practioner→pracr
practioners→pracrs
practitioner research→prrese
pragmalinguistics→prli
pragmatic→pragc
Pragmatic→pragc\
pragmatic action→practi
pragmatic approach→prap
pragmatic competence→prco
pragmatic connective→prcoe
pragmatic cue→prcu
pragmatic cues→prcus
pragmatic dimension→prdim
pragmatic equivalence→preq
pragmatic equivalent→preqt
pragmatic error→prer
pragmatic import→primp
pragmatic infelicity→priny
pragmatic inference→prine
pragmatic meaning→pm, prmeg
Pragmatic Meaning→pm\, prmeg\
pragmatic meanings→pms, prmegs
Pragmatic Meanings→pms\, prmegs\
pragmatic presupposition→prpres
pragmatic principle→prpr
pragmatic principles→prprs
pragmatic reference→prrefe
pragmatic strategies→prstrs
pragmatic text→prtet
Pragmatic text→prtet\
pragmatic texts→prtets
Pragmatic texts→prtets\
pragmatic translation→prtn
Pragmatic translation→prtn\
pragmatic translations→prtns
pragmatically→pragy
pragmatics→prag
Pragmatics→prag\
Prague Circle→prci
Prague Linguistic Circle→plc
Prague School→prsc
precaution→prca
precipitation→precn
preclude→precl
preconception→prcon, prccn
preconceptions→prcons, prccns
pre-deadline→prde, pdee, pdl
predeterminer→prder, predr
predicament→predt
predicate→pred
predicational reference→prref
predicative adjective→prad
predicative validity（预测效度）→prva
predictable→prede
prediction→predn
predictions→preds
predictive capacity→prcapa
predictive hypothesis→prhy
predictive power→prpo
predictive power→prpo
predictive→predie
predictor variable（预测变量）→prvae
predisposition→prdin
predominantly→predy
pre-editing→predg
Pre-editing→predg\
prefabricate→prfa
prefabricated→prfad
Preface→pref\
preface→prefa
Prefecture→prefe\
prefecture→prefec
preferably→prefy
preference→prefe
preferences→prefes
preferred→prefd
prejudice→preje
prejudices→prejs
preliminary norm→prno
preliminary norms→prnos
preliminary→prely, prlmy
preliminary finding→prfig
preliminary findings→prfigs
preludes→prels
pre-modification→prmon
premodifier→prmor, premr
prenominal→prnol, prenl
preoccupied→procd
preparation phase→prpha
preparation→prepn
preparatory→prepy
preposition→prep
prepositional→prpol, prepl
prepositional phrase→prph
prepositional→prpol
pre-process→prpro, pprs
pre-processing（预加工）→prprog, pprg
Pre-Raphaelites→prras
prerequisite→prree
prerequisites→prrees
prescription→presc
prescriptive grammar→prgr
prescriptive translation studies→ptst
prescriptive→prese
prescriptivism→prescr
present author→praur
Present author→praur\
present author’s→praurs
Present author’s→praurs\
present-day→prday
present participle→prpae, ppe
present participles→prpaes, ppes
present perfect→prpe
present study→prtsty
present studies→prtstys
present tense→prte
present thesis→prths
presentation→presn
Presentation→presn\
presentations→presns
presentational politeness→prpoli
presented→presd
preservation of meaning→prmeani
preservation→preserv
preserve→preser
president→pres
President→pres\
prestige→prest
prestigious→prests
presumably→presy
presumption→presun
presumptuous→press
presupposition→prsun
pre-tax income→pti
preterite tense→prten
pretest-posttest design（测前测后设计）→ppd
pre-texts→prtexs, ptes
pretransiation→prtransl
pre-translation editing→pte
pre-translation→prtrn
prevent→prev
preventive→preve
previous→prevs
previous study→prsty
previous studies→prstys
previous research→prreh
previous researches→prrehs
Pride and Prejudice→prprej
primarily→primy
primary research（原始性研究）→prre
primary sense→prse
primary source→prsou, prsoe
primary sources→prsous, prsoes
primary translation→prtran
primary→prim
primitive→prime
Princeton University→prun
principal components analysis→pca
principal→prinl
Principal→prinl\
principalities→princis
principality→princi
principle→prin
Principle→prin\
principles→prins
Principles→prins\
principles of translating→prtrg
Principles→prins\
print source→prso
Print source→prso\
print sources→prsos
Print sources→prsos\
printed documentation→prdo
priorities→prios
priority→prioy
privatization→privn
privatize→priva
privilege→prive
privileges→prives
proactive inhibition→prinn
probabilistic information（概率信息）→prinfo
probabilistic→probac
probability scores→prscs
probability→proba
probably→proby
problem→prob, pr
problems→probs
Problems→probs\
problematic→probc
problem area→prara
problem report→prrep
problem reports→prreps
problem-restricted→prres
problem-solving→prsog
procedural formalism→prfor
procedural knowledge→prkn
procedural model→prmod
procedural vocabulary→prvo
procedural→procl
proceduralization→procn
procedure→proc
procedures→procs
process→pro
processes→pros
process model→prmo
process of translation→prtrans
processing capacity→prcap
processing effort→preff
processing→procg
process-oriented→prord, pord
process-oriented translation studies (process-oriented descriptive translation studies)→pots
process-oriented translation teaching→pott
procrastinate→procr
produced→prodd
producer→prodr
product specifications→prsps
production rate→prra
production strategies→prsts
production→prodn
productive difficulty→prdi
productive language knowledge→plk
productive→prode
productivity studies→prstu
productivity→prody
product-oriented translation studies (product-oriented descriptive translation studies)→potst
product-oriented→prorid
products→prods
profession→profn
professional associations→prass
professional community→prcoy
professional norm→prnor
professional norms→prnors
professional status→prsta
professional translation→prtra
professional translations→prtras
Professional translations→prtras\
professional translator→prtr
professional translators→prtrs
Professional translators→prtrs\peducator
professional→profl
Professional→profl\
professionalism→profm
professionals→profls
Professor→profr
professors→profs
proficiency test→prtes
proficiency→profi
Profile→prof\
pro-form→prfo, pfom
profound structure→prst
prognosis→progn
prognostic meaning→prmean
prognostic→progc
program files→prfis
program→prog
Program→prog\
programmed→progd
programming environment→prenv
programming language→prlan
programming languages→prlas
programming→progg
programs→progs
progressive aspect→pras
progressive→proge
project components→prcos
project evaluation→preva
project glossaries→prgls
Project Gutenberg online→pgo
project manager→prman
Project Manager→prman\
project preparation→prpre
project→proj
Project→proj\
projects→projs
proletarian→proln
proletarians→prolns
proletariat→prolt
prologue→prolo
Prometheus→promet
prominence→prome
prominent→promt
promising→promg
promotion→promn
promotional material→prma
promotional→proml
pronominal form→pnf
pronominal reference→pnr
pronoun→pron
pronounce→prono
pronouns of address→prads
pronouns→prons
pronunciation→pronn
proof mark→prmar
proof marks→prmas
proofread→prrea
proofreader→prrer
proofreading→prreg
propaganda→propa
propagandist→propt
propagate→prop
propagating→propg
proper name→prna
proper names→prnas
Proper Names→prnas\
proper noun→prnou
proper nouns→prnous
Proper Nouns→prnous\
properly→prope
property→propy
proportion→propn
proportionate sampling（比例抽样）→prsa
proportionate→propoe
proposal→propl
proposals→props
proposed→propd
proposition→propon
propositional content→prco
propositional meaning→prme
propositional→propol
propositions→proposs, prpsns
proprietor→propr
proprietors→proprs
prose fiction→prfi
prose translation→prtransla
prosodic clash（语义韵冲突）→prcl
prosodic meaning→prcmeg
prosodic→prosc
prosody（韵律）→proso
prospect→pros
prospective translation→prtranslat
prospective→prose
prosperity→prosy
prosperous→pross
protection of intellectual property→pip
protection→protn
protest→prote
Protestant Reformation→prrefo
Protestant→prott
Protestantism→protes
protesting→protg
protocol→prot
Protocol→prot\
Proto-Indo-European languages→piel
Proto-Indo-European→pie
proto-language→prla
prototext→prtex
prototype theory→prth
prototype→prty
Prototype→prty\
prototypes→prtys
prototypical→prtyl
prototypology→prtyp
proverb→prve
proverbs→prves
Providence→provid
provider→provr
Provider→provr\
providers→provrs
province→prov
Province→prov\
provincial→provl
Provincial→provl\
provincial capital→prlcal, prcal
provincial capitals→prlcals, prcals
Provincial Committee→prco\
provocative→prove
proxemics（静体学）→prox
proximity operators→propers
pseudoscience→pssc
pseudoscientific→psscc
pseudotranslation (fictitious translation)→pstrn
psychiatric→psycc
psychiatrist→psycht
psychiatry→psychi
psychoanalysis→psan
psycholinguist→pslit
psycholinguistic approach→psap
psycholinguistic→pslic
psycholinguistics→psli
psycholinguists→pslits
psychological construct（心理构念）→psco
psychological factor（心理因素）→psfa
psychological factors→psfac
psychological subject→pssu
psychological→psycl
psychologist→psyct
psychology→psy, psyc
Ptolemy (Claudius Ptolemaeus)→ptol
public holiday→puhoy
public holidays→puhoys
public school→pusc
Public School→pusc\
public schools→puscs
public service interpreting (dialog interpreting, community interpreting)→psi
public service translators→pstrs
public service→puse
Public Service→puse\
public signs→pusi
public transport→putrt
public transport system→ptsm
publication→publn
Publication→publn\
publications→publns
Publications→publns\
publicity material→pumat
Publicity Material→puma\
published→publd
publisher→publr
publishers→publrs
Publishing Company→puco\
publishing companies→pucos
Publishing House→puho
publishing industry→puin
publishing strategies→pusts
publishing→publg
Publishing→publg\
pull-down menu→pdmu
punctuation mark→puma
punctuation marks→pumas
punctuation→puncn
pupil dilation→pudi
purchase order→puor
purchase→purc
purchased→purcd
pure language (true language, universal language)→pula
pure tone→puto
pure translation studies→pts
purporte→purpe
purported→purped
purpose→purp
Purpose→purp\
purposes→purps
purpose of translation→putr
purposefully→purpy
purposes of translation→putrs
Pushkin, Alexandr Sergeyevich→push
Pygmalion→pygm
Pym, Anthony→pym, anpy
Pythagoras→pyth
Qinghai Province→qipr
其中粗体强调标记为笔者所加。→qzcj, ctqd, qdbj, bzsj
qualification→qualn
qualifications→qualns
Qualifications→qualns\
qualified→quald
qualifying examination→quex
Qualifying Examination→quex\
Qualifying Examinations→quexs\
qualitative analysis→quanal
qualitative data→quda
qualitative studies→qusts
qualitative study→qust
qualitative→quale
quality assessment→quast
quality assurance→qa, quas
quality control→qc, quco
quality gaps→quga
quality policy→qcpo
Quality Standard (QS)→qust\
quantifiable（可量化的）→quane
quantification→quann
quantifier→quarr
quantitative analysis（量化分析）→quana
quantitative data→qudat
quantitative studies→qustus
quantitative study→qustu
quantitative→quante
quantity-timed rhythm→qtr
QuarkXPress→qxp
quasi-experimental design（拟指数设计）→qed
Queen Elizabeth→quzl
query method→qume
question→qn
questions→qns\
Question→qn\
Questions→qns\
question paper→qupa
question papers→qupas
Question Paper→qupa\
question tag→quta, qta
questionnaire→quese
Questionnaire→quese\
questionnaires→queses
Questions & Answers→quans\
questions and answers→quans
Quick Guide→qugu
Quintilian→quin
Quirk, R.S.→quir
quotation mark→quma
quotation marks→qumas
quotation→quotn, quo
quotations→quots
Quotations→quots\
quoted→qd
Quran translation→qutr
Rabelais, François→rabe
Racine, Jean-Baptiste→raci
radical feminism→rafe
radical literalism→rali
radical translation→rat
radical→radil
radicalism→radi
Randolph→rand
Random House→raho
random sample（随机抽样）→rasa
random sampling（随机抽样）→rasag
randomly selected（随机抽取）→rased
rank elements→raels
rank-bound translation→rbt
rank-free translation→rft
rank order [排位次序]→raorr
rank-restricted→rare, rred
rank-unbounded translation→rut
rapid transit→ratrt
rapid transit system→rtsm
rapport skills→resks
rather than →rath
Rather than →rath\
ratio scale（比例量表）→rasc
rational→ratil
rationale→ratie
rationalism→ratio
rationalist→ratit
rationalization→ratin
rationalize→rati
raw corpus（生语料库）→raco
raw data→rada
raw output from fully automatic MT→roft
raw output→raou
raw text（原文本）→rate
raw translation (“informative translation”)→rat
reactivity effect（活动性效应）→reef
readability formulas→refos
reader orientation→reorien
reader→rer
reader-centered→reced, rced
reader-friendliness→refrs, rfrs
reader-friendly→refry, rfry
reader-oriented machine translation→romt
reader-oriented→reori, rord
reader-response theory→rrt
readers→rers
readership→reade
reading→rg
readjust→read
readjustment→readt
readme file→refi
real world knowledge→rwk
Real World Knowledge→rwk\
realistic→realc
realistically→realcy, relty
realization→realn
real-life situations→rlsns
real-time→retie
real-time protection→rtpn
real-world reference→rwre
real-world→rewo, rewod
real-world situation→rwsn
real-world situations→rwsns
rearrange→rear
rearranged→reard
rearrangement→reart
Rearrangement→reart\
reasonable→rease
reasonably→reasy
reasoning→reasg
reasons→reass
rebuttal→rebu
Received Pronunciation (RP)→rp, repro
receiver→rr, recer
Receiver→rr\, recer\
receivers→rrs, recers
receiver of the message→reme
receiver status→resta
receiving culture→recul
recent development→redet
recent developments→redets
Recent development→redet\
Recent developments→redets\
reception theory→rethe
reception→recen
receptive difficulty→redi
receptive language knowledge→rlk
receptor language→rela
receptor response→rere, reree
receptor-oriented→reor
reciphering→recig
recipient→recit
recipients→recits
reciprocal case→reca
reciprocal→recil
reciprocation→recin
reciprocity→reciy
recognition→recogn
recognize→recoe
recognized→recoed
recognizing→recog
recombined→recomd
recombining→recomg
recommend→recom
recommended→recommd
Recommended→recod\
recommendation→recon
Recommendation→recon\
recommendations→recons
Recommended Readings→reres\
recomposition→recomn
reconsider→reco
reconstruct→reconst
reconstruction→reconstn
recordings→record
recoverability→recoy
recoverable→recove
recreation of text→retex
recreation→recrn
recruit→recr
recruitment→recrt
recurrence→recue
recurrent→recut
recurring→recug
recursive→recue
recursiveness（递归性）→recus
redemption→reden
reduced stress→restre
reduced translation→retrn
reducible→redue
reduction→redun
reductions→reduns
reductive（还原性的）→reduct
redundancy→redund
redundant→redut
reduplicate→redup
reduplication→redupn
reference→refe, ref
Reference→refe\, ref\
reference-in-text→rt, rit
references→refes, refs
References→refes\, refs\, r\
reference books→rebos
reference corpora（参照语科库）→recors
reference corpus（参照语科库）→recor
reference item→reitm
reference items→reitms
reference list→relit
Reference List→relit\
reference material→remat, remal
reference materials→remats, remals
reference search→rese
reference switching→reswg
reference tool→reto, retol
reference tools→retos, retols
Reference Tools→retos\, retools\
reference work→rewok
reference works→rewoks
referencing (source documentation)→refeg
referent→refet
referents→refets
referential→refel
Referential→refel\
referential equivalence→reeq
referential function→refu
referential index→reind
referential meaning→rm, remeg
Referential Meaning→rm\, remeg\
referential translation→retrans, retn
referentiality→refey
reflection→refln
reflective pronoun→repron
reflective verb→reve
reflexive→refle
reflexivity→refly
Reformation→refo\
reformation→refon
reformulate→refor
reformulation→reforn
refract→refra
refracted texts→retexs
refraction→refrn
regarding→regag
regional divides→redis
regional standard→restan
regional standards→restans
regional varieties→revas
regional variety（地域变体）→reva
regionalisms→regis
register→reg
register→regs
register analysis→rean
register label→relab
register labels→relabs
Register labels→relabs\
register membership→rememb
register-orientated→reord
Registers→regs\
regression equation（回归方程）→reequ
regression line（回归线）→reli
regression→regrn
regressive directionality→redir
regressive→regre
regrettably→regry
regular expression（正则表达式）→reex
regular expressions→reexs
Regular Expressions→reexs\
regulation→regun
regulative conventions→recos
regulative translational conventions→rtcs
regulative→regue
reinforce→rein
reinforcement→reinf
reinforcer→reinr
Reiss & Vermeer (1984)→rever
Reiss, Katarina→reis
reiterate→reit
reiterating→reitg
reiteration→reitn
reiterative→reite
rejection→rejen
rejections→rejes
related to→retod
relation norm→reno
relation norms→renos
relation→relan, rel
relational→relal
relationship→relap
Relationship→relap\
relationships→relaps
relationship among→ream
relationships among→reams
relationship between→rebe
relationships between→rebes
relationships between→rebes
relative clause→recl
relative clauses→recls
relative frequency（相对频数）→refry
relative markedness→remar
relative pronoun→reprono
relative pronouns→repronos
Relative→relae\
relative→relati, relae
Relatives→relaes\
relatives→relaes
relativistic→relac
relativity→relay
relay interpreting→reing, rei
relevance theory→rethy
Relevance theory→rethy\
relevance→relee
Relevance→relee\
relevant→relet
reliability coefficient（信度系数）→recot
reliability of results→reres
reliability→reliy
religion→relign
religious text→rete
religious texts→retes
religious translation→ret
religious→relis
relinquish→relin
remarkable→remae
Rembrandt van Ryn→remb
remember→remem
reminiscence→remie
reminiscent→remit
remote adverb→readv
remote demonstrative→rede
remuneration→remun
Renaissance→rena
rendering→rendg
rendition→rendn
renditions→rendns
Renditions→rendns\
Renmin University of China, the→ruc
repertoire→reper
repertoreme→repert
repetition→repen
repetitive strain injury→rsi
repetitive→repee
rephrase→reph
rephrasing→rephg
replacement→replt
replicability（可重复性）→reply
replicable（可重复的）→reple
replicate→repli
replication→repln
reportage→repoe
reported→repod
reportedly→repoy
reporting verb→reveb
reporting verbs→revebs
reports→repos
represent→repr
representation of knowledge（知识表述）→rekn
representation→reprn
representational→reprl
representative→repre
representativeness→repres
represented→reprtd, reprd
represents→reprs
repressed language→relang
reproduce→reprod
reproduction→reprodu, repdtn
republic→repuc
Republic→repuc\
Republic of China→recha
reputable→repue
reputation→repun
required→requd
requirement→requt
Requirement→requt\
requirements→requts
research→res
Research→res\, rese\
researched→resd
research action→reacn
Research Action→reacn\
research and develop→rd
Research and Development→rdd\
research and development→rdt
research area→reara
research areas→rearas
research assessment exercise (RAE)→rae
Research Assistant→ra
research background→rebad, rbg
research-based→rehbad, rbd
research basis→rebas
Research Center→recent\
research centre→recent
research centres→reces
research data→reda, rehdaa
Research data→reda\, rehdaa\
research design→redes, rehden
research designs→redess, rehdens
Research Design→redes\, rehden\
research finding→refig, rehfig
research findings→refigs, rehfigs
Research findings→refigs\, rehfigs\
research gap→regap, rehgap
research gaps→regaps, rehgaps
research grant→regrt
Research Grant→regrt\
research grants→regrts
Research Grants→regrts\
research hypothesis→rehys
research hypotheses→rehyss
research impact→reimt
Research Impact→reimt\
research institution→reins
research institutions→reinss
research interest→rehint
research interests→rehints, reints
research method→remed
Research Method→remed\
research methods→remeds
Research Methods→remeds\
research methodology→remey, remet
Research Methodology→remey\, remet\
research models→remols
research paper→repa
Research Paper→repa\
research papers→repas
research problem→reprm
research problems→reprms
research project→reprt, reproj
research projects→reprts, reprojs
research proposal→rehprl
Research Proposal→rehprl\
research proposals→rehprls
research purpose→repu, rehpue
Research Purpose→repu\, rehpue\
research purposes→repus, rehpues
research question→requ, rq
research questions→requs, rqs
Research Questions→requs\, rqs\
research report→rere, reret, rehret
Research Report→rere\, reret\, rehret\
research reports→rerets, rehrets
research results→rehrets, resrets
research subject→resu, rehsut
research subjects→resus, rehsuts
Research subjects→resus\, rehsuts\
research topic→retop, resto, retoc, rehtoc
research topics→retops, restos, retocs, rehtocs
researched and developed→rdd
researcher expectancy（研究者期望值）→reexp
researcher intervention→reinte
researcher→resr, reser
researchers→resrs, resers
Researchers→resrs\, resers\
researches→ress, reses
researching and developing→rdg
Researching and Developing→rdg\
researching→resg, reseg
Researching→resg\, reseg\
resemblance→resee
resignation→resin
resilience→resile
resilient→resit, resilt
resistance→resie
resistancy→resi
resistant translation→retransl
resizing→resig
resolution→reson
resources→reso, resos
Resources→resos\
resourceful→resol
resource bundle→rebun
resource file→refi
respective→respe
respectively→respey
responding→respg
response→resp
responses→respss
response scale [反应量表]→resce
response scales→resces
responsibilities→resps, respys
responsibility→respy
responsible→respoe
restatement→restt
restaurant menu→remen
restaurant→rest
restitute→resti
restitution→restin
restoration→reston
Restoration→reston\
restricted code→recod
restricted combination（有限组合）→recomb
restricted domain→redo
restricted input→reinp
restricted language→rel
restricted translation→retran
restricted→restd
restriction of range（极差限定）→rera
restriction→restn
restrictions→restns
restrictions→rests
restrictive→reste
restrictive attributive→reatt
restructure→restru
restructuring (transformation, forward-transformation)→restg
Results and Discussion→redi\
详见以下“Results of researches made to resolve major problems in translation”部分中的“”条。→rrmn], rere], fds]
results of data analysis (research findings)→rdas
resurrection of body→rebod
resurrection→resun
retranslated→retrd
Retranslated→retrd\
retranslating→retrg
retranslation (indirect translation, intermediate translation, mediated translation, second-hand translation)→retra
retrieval→retri
retrieved→retred
retrieved from →refr, rf
retrieved via →revi, rv
Retrieved via →revi\, rv\
retroactive→reace
retrospective→retre, retse
retrospection→respn
retrospective translation→retr
retrospective→respect
reunification→reunn
Reunion Island (Capital: St. Denis; 留尼旺岛[法]，首都：圣但尼)→reisl, liuniwang
Reuters→reut
Revelation→reven\
revelations→revens
reverence revelation→revere
reversible grammar→regra
reversible→revee
reviewer→revir
reviewing→revig
reviews→revis
review the literature→relie
reviewed the literature→relied
Revised Standard Version of the Bible (RSV; 1946, 1952)→rsv
revision→revin
revival→revil
revoicing→revog
revolution→revon
Revolution→revon\
revolutionary→revoy
rewording (intralingual translation)→rewog
Rewrite Rule→reru
Rewrite Rules→rerus
rewrite→rewr
rewriting→rewrg
rhematic→rhemc
rhetorical correspondence (Nida)→rhco
rhetorical device→rhde
rhetorical devices→rhdes
rhetorical impact→rhim
rhetorical purpose→rhpu
rhetorical question→rhqu, rhq
rhetorical sequences→reseqs
rhetorical structure→rhst
rhetorical style→rhsty
rhetorical→rhetl
Rhode Island→rhis
rhymed translation→rhtr
rhythmic→rhytc
rhythmical unit→rhun
Ricci, Matteo→ricc
Richard→richa
Richards, I. A.→richas
Richardson→riso, richar
Richelieu,Cardinal→riche
Richmond→rich
right collocates（右搭配词）→ricos
righteous→righs
rightfully→righy
rights and obligations→riobs
rigorous→rigos
Rilke, Rainer Maria→rilk
Rime of the Ancient Mariner, the→ram
Rio Grande→rigr
riverside→risi
Robinson, Douglas→robi, doro
Robinson→robin
Rockefeller Foundation→rofon
Role and Responsibility→rore\
Role and Status→rost\
role model→romo
role models→romos
role relationship（角色关系）→rorel
Roman Catholic Church→rcc
Roman Catholicism→roca
Romance languages→rolas, rols
Romania (Capital: Bucharest; 罗马尼亚，首都：布加勒斯特)→romania, luomaniya
Romania→roman
Romanian→roman
Romanian→romani
romantic redemption→rore
Romantic→
romantic→romac
Romantic→romac\
Romanticism→roma
Rose, Marilyn Gaddis→rose
Rossetti, Dante Gabriel→ross
roundabout→roab
Rousseau, Henri→rouss
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques→rous
routine tasks→rotas
routines of life→rolis
Royalist→royat
Royalists→royats
royalties→royas
Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám, the→rubai
Rubinstein→rubi
rudimentary→rudiy
rule-based machine translation (RBMT)→rbmt
Rule-based Machine Translation→rbmt\
rule-based MT→rbm
Rule-based MT→rbm\
rule-based→rubad, rbad
rules of behaviour→rubes
Rules of Politeness→rupo
running text（连续文本）→rute
running words→ruwos
Rushdie, Salman→rush
Russell, Bertrand→russe
Russian Formalism→rufo
Russian Formalism→rufo
Russian Orthodox Christianity→roc
Russian→ru
Russian→russn
Russian-Chinese→ruch, rche
Russian-English→ruen, renh
Russo-Japanese War→rjw
sacramental→sacrl
Sacramento→sacr
sacred language→sala
safeguard→sagu
saliency→sali
salient→salit
Salt Lake City→slci
Salvation Army→saarm
sample entry→saeny
Sample entry→saeny\
sample entries→saenys
Sample entries→saenys\
sample group→sagrp
sampling→sampg
sampling frame [抽样标架]→safre
sampling method→samed
sampling criteria→sacri, sacra
Samuel→samu
San Francisco→safr
Sandberg, Carl→sand
sandwich→sawi
sanitation→sanin
Sanskrit→sans
Santa Barbara→saba
Sapir, Edward→sapi
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis→swhy
Sapir-Whorf→sawh, swhf
Sappho→sapp
sarcastic→sarcc
Sarmatian→saman
Sartre, Jean-Paul→sart
satirical→satil
satisfaction→satin
satisfactory→satiy
satisfied→satid
satisfy→sati
Saussure, Ferdinand de→saus
Savonlinna School of Translation Studies→ssts
Savory, Theodore→savo
scan checked→scchd
scan checking→scch
Scandinavia→scan
Scandinavian→scann
Scandinavian→scann
scatter→scat
scattered→scatd
scatterplot（散点图）→scpl
scenario→scen
scenes and frames→scfrs
scenes-and-frames semantics→sfse
scene-setter→scser, sser
Schäffner, Christina→scha, chsc
schedule→schee
Schedule→schee\
scheduled→scheed
scheduling and budgeting→scbu
schema→sche
schemata→sches
schematic vocabulary→scvo
schematic→schec
Schiller, Friedrich von→schi
Schillerian→schin
schizophrenia→schiz
Schlegel, August Wilhelm→schleg
Schleiermacher, Friedrich→schle, frsc
Schlesinger→schles
scholarly translation→sctran
scholarly→schoy
scholarship→scho
School→scho\
schools→schos
school application→scap
School of Foreign Studies→sfs
school of thought→scth
schools of thought→scths
school of thought on translation→sttn, thtrn
schoolwork→scwok
Schopenhauer, Arthur→schop
Schubert, Franz→schu
Schwartz→schw
science news→tech\
Science News→tech\
science of translating→sctg
science of translation→sctn
science report→scre
Science Report→scre\
science reports→screps
science→sci, sc
Science→sci\, sc\
sciences→scis, scs
Scientific American→scam
scientific investigation→scinn
Scientific investigation→scinn\
scientific method→scme
scientific research→screh
Scientific research→screh\
scientific translation→sctra
scientific→scic, sciec
Scientific→scic\, sciec\
scientifically→sciey, sciy
scientific research→scres
Scientific Research→scres\
scientific researches→scress
scientific-technical→sctec
scientific-technological→sctel
scientist→sciet
Scientist→sciet\
scientists→sciets
Scotland→scla
Scott, Sir Walter→scott
Scottish→scoth
screen capture→scca
screen saver→scsar
screen translation→sctr
screenplay→scpla
scripture→scri
scriptures→scris
sculpture→scul
search and replace→serep
search engine→seen
Search Engine→seen\
search engines→seens
search strategies→sests
search word zapping（搜索词遮蔽）→swz
search word→sewo
search words→sewos
search→se
Search→se\
searched→sed
searches→ses
second→sec
second cousin→secou
second language→l2, sela
Second Language→l2c, selac
second language acquisition→sla
Second Language Acquisition→slac
the Second World War→ww2
secondary communication→secomm
secondary research（间接研究）→sere
secondary source→seso
secondary sources→sesos
secondary translation→setrans
secondary→secoy
second-hand translation (indirect translation, intermediate translation, mediated translation, retranslation)→sht
second-hand→sehan, shad
second-person→sepe
secondly,→secoy, secy
Secondly,→secoy\
Secretary General→sege
secretary→secr
Secretary→secr\
section break→sebrk
section breaks→sebrks
section heading→seheg
section headings→sehegs
secular→secur
seemingly→seemy
see also→sealo
See also→sealo\
segment→segm
segments→segms
segmental phoneme→sephe
segmental phonemes→sephes
segmental→segml
segmentation of reality→serey
segmentation→segmn
selection techniques→setes
selectional feature→sefee
selectional features→sefees
selectional restriction→serens
selectional restrictions→seres
selectional→selel
selective memory→semem
selective translation→setran
selective→selee
Seleskovitch, Danica→dase
self-assertion→seasn, sasn
self-confidence→secof, scoe
self-contained→secod
self-critical→secrl
self-criticism→secri, scrm
self-denial→seden, sdel
self-deprecation→seden, sden
self-explanatory→sefexy, seexy
self-expression→seex, sexn
self-image→seim, sime
self-observation→seob, sobn
self-oriented→seor, sord
self-reference→seref, sree
self-reflexivity→serefl, srey
self-regulation→sereg, sren
self-report→sret
self-reporting→serepor, sreg
self-reports→sereps, serepo, srets
self-revelation→serev, sevn
self-selection（自我选择）→sese, ssen
self-translation (auto-translation)→set, stn
semantic adjustments→seads
semantic analysis（语义分析）→sean
semantic category（语义范畴）→seca
semantic class→secl
semantic cohesion→secon
semantic competence→secoe
semantic component→secot
semantic constraint→secons
semantic constraints→seconss
semantic correspondence→secor
semantic disambiguation→sedi
semantic equivalence→seeq
semantic error→seer
semantic errors→seers
Semantic Errors→seers\
semantic features→sefes
semantic field→sefi
semantic field→sefi
Semantic fields→sefis
semantic gap→sega
semantic gaps→segas
semantic harmonization（语义和谐）→seha
semantic isomorphy→seis
semantic label→selab
semantic motivation→semon
semantic prosody（语义韵）→sepr
semantic relations→serela
semantic representation→serepr
semantic representations→sereprs
semantic strategies→sests
semantic structure→sestr
semantic style→sesty
semantic tagging→seta
semantic translation→setr
semantic transparency（语义明晰性）→setransp
semantic unit→seuni
semantic units→seunis
semantic universal→seun
semantic void→sevo
semantic voids→sevos
semantic→semac
Semantic→semac\
semantics→sema
Semantics→sema\
semantics-based→seba, sbad
semasiology→semas
seme-analysis→seanl
Semester→seme\
semesters→semes
semi-abridged→seabd, sabd
semi-fixed phrase（半固定词组）→sfp
semi-fixed phrases→sfps
semiology→semio
semiotic approach→seap
semiotic categories→secas
semiotic interaction→sein
semiotic→semic
Semiotic→semic\
semiotics→semi
semi-structured→sestd
semi-structured interview→stiw
Semitic language→selan
Semitic languages→selas
sender→sr
Sender→sr\
sender and receiver→serer
sender of the message→seme
senders and receivers→serers
seniority→seniy
sensational→sensl
Sense and reference→serefe
Sense and Sensibility→sesens
sense of responsibility→seerey, sor
Sense of responsibility→seerey\, sor\
sense perception→seper
sense relationship→serel
sense-for-sense translation→sstn
sensitive→sense
sensitivity→sensy
sensory system→sesy
sentence adverb→sead
sentence analysis→seana
sentence boundaries→sebos
sentence function→sefu
sentence length→sele
sentence meaning→semeg
sentence openings→seops
sentence patterning→sepa
sentence perspective→sepers
sentence→sent
Sentence→sent\
sentence→sente
sentence-building→sebug, sbug
sentences→sents
sentence-sense→sesen, ssee
sentential derivation→sede
separate→separ
separated→sepad
separating→sepag
Separating→sepag\
September→sept
Septuagint→septu
sequence→sequ, seq
sequential→sequl
serial translation→setrn
serious→seris
seriously→seriy
servant-translator→setrr, strr
service provider→seprr
service translation→setransl
servitude→servi
session→sess
Session→sess\
sessions→sesss
set phrase→sephr
set phrases→sephs
settlement→settt
Settlement→settt\
settlements→setts
Seven Liberal Arts→slas
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)→sars
sexism→sexi
sexist→sexit
sexuality→sexu
Shaanxi Province→shprov
Shakespeare, William→shak
shallow rooted→shro
Shandong Province→shpr
Shandong→shand
Shanghai→shan
Shanghai International Studies University (上海外国语大学)→sisu, shwai
Shanghai Jiaotong University→sju
Shanghai Municipality→shmu
Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press [上海外语教育出版社]→sflp, sflep
Shanxi Province→shpro
Shapiro→shap
shared assumption→shas
shared knowledge→shkn
shareholder→shhor
shareholders→shhors
shareware→shwa
sharewares→shwas
Shaw, George Bernard→shaw
Shelley, Percy Bysshe→shel
Sheridan, Richard Brinsley→sher
shifting→shifg
shifting deictic perspective→sdpe
shifts in translation→shtr
shifts of expression→shex
shifts of footing→shfo
shipwreck→shwr
shipwrecked→shwrd
shortcoming→shcog
shortcut key→shke
shortcut keys→shkes
shortcut→shcu
shortcuts→shcus
short story→shsty
short stories→shstys
short-term memory→stm
short-term→shte, stem
short-text→shtet
shrinkage→shrie
Shuttleworth, Mark→shwo, shut
shuttle bus→shbus
shuttle buses→shbuss
Shuttleworth & Cowie (1997)→shcoe
Siberia→sibe
Sichuan Province→sipr
Sichuan University→siun
Sichuan→sich
side sequence（旁侧系列）→sise
sight translation→sitr
sign function→sifu
sign language→sila
Sign Language→sila\
sign theory→sith
signed language interpreting→sli
significance level（显著性水平）→sile
significance→signe
significant collocation（显著搭配）→sicol
significant→signt
signification→signn
significative→signie
signified→signd
signifier→signr
sign-orientation→sior, sorn
signpost→sipo
signposting→sipog
signposts→sipos
Signposts→sipos\
Sikhism→sikh
Sikkim (Capital: Gangtok; 锡金，首都：甘托克)→sikk, xijin
similarities→simis, sims
similarity→simiy, sims
similarly→simil
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)→smtp
simplicity→simpy
simplification→simpn
simplified→simpd
Simplified→simpd\
simplified Chinese→sichi
Simplified Chinese→sichi\
simplify→simp
simulate→simu
simulated data→sida
simulated→simud
simultaneous→simus
simultaneously→simuy
simultaneous interpreter→simulr
simultaneous interpreters→simulrs
simultaneous interpreting→simul, siin
sincere gratitude→sigre
sincere thanks→siths
sincerity conditions→sico
Sinclair, John→sinc
sine curve→sicu
sine wave→siwa
Singapore→sg
Singaporean→sgn
Singaporeans→sgns
single spacing→sispg
single-language vendors→slvs
single-minded→simid, smid
singular number→sinu
Sino-American→siam, samn
Sino-British→sibr, sbrh
Sino-Canadian→sica
Sino-French→sifr, sfrh
Sino-German→sige, sgen
Sino-Japanese→sija, sjae
Sinologist→sinot
Sino-Russian→siru, srun
situation→situn
Situation→situn\
situations→situns
situational context→sicon
situational dimensions→sidis
situational equivalence→sieq
situational variable→siva
situational varieties→sivars
situational variety→sivar
situational→situl
situationality→situy
size of corpus→sicor
skeleton parsing（构架语法标注）→skpa
skeptical→skepl
skopos theory→skth
skyrocket→skro
skyrocketed→skrod
skyrocketing→skrog
slanderous→slans
slanted writing→slwr
Slavic languages→sllas
Slavonic→slavc
slogan→slog
slogans→slogs
slow payer→slpar
slow payers→slpars
Snell-Hornby, Mary→snho
so far as →sfa
so-called→socad
social anthropology→soan
social class→socl
social classes→socls
social conditions→socods
social context→socon
social institutions→soins
social interaction→soin
social meaning→someg
social processes→soprs
social science→sosc
Social Science→sosc\
social sciences→soscs
Social Sciences→soscs\
social security→sosecu
social system→sosy
Socialism→
socialist→sociat
Socialist→sociat\
Socialists→sociats
socialization→socin
societal→socil
Society→soci\
socio-communicative→soco
sociocultural background →scbg
sociocultural constraints→sccos
sociocultural context→scc
sociocultural→socul
Sociocultural→socul\
sociohistorical context→shc
sociohistorical→sohil
sociolect→sole
sociolinguistic→solic
sociolinguistics→solin
sociological→socil
sociologist of language→solat
sociologist→socit
sociologists→socis
socio-political→sopo, sopol
sociopolitical→sopol
sociosemiotic meaning→some
sociosemiotic theory→sothy
sociosemiotic→sosec
Sociosemiotic→sosec\
sociosemiotics→sose
Sociosemiotics→sose\
sociosemiotic meaning→some, socmeg
sociosemiotic meanings→socmegs
sociosemiotic model of meaning→ssmm
sociosemiotic school→soscl, sssl
soft copies→socos
soft copy→socop
software consistency check→scche
software engineering→soen
software localization tool→slto
software localization→solo
software maintenance→soma
software piracy→sopi
software translation→sotr
software→sowa
softwares→sowas
sojourns→sojos
solidarity form of address→sfad
solidarity→soliy
Solomon Islands (Capital: Honiara; 所罗门群岛，首都：霍尼亚拉)→soiss, suoluomen
Solomon→solom
Solomon, Robert C. [Quincy Lee Centennial Professor and Distinguished Teaching Professor at the University of Texas at Austin], & Higgins, Kathleen M. [Professor at the University of Texas at Austin] (2014). The Big Questions: A Short Introduction to Philosophy. (9th edn.). Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning, Inc. 464 pp.→biqus, sohi
Solomon, Robert C., & Higgins, Kathleen M. (所罗门、希金斯). (2014).《大问题. 简明哲学导论》(张卜天 译) (第四版). 桂林：广西师范大学出版社. 541 页. (原著出版于2014 年).→dwti, dawei, sxls
solution→solun
solutions→soluns
somebody→sb, sobo
somehow→soho
something→sth, sth., sothg
sometimes→sotis
Sometimes→sotis\
somewhat→sowht, sw
somewhere→sowhe
Song of Myself (Whitman)→somy
Song of Solomon→soso
sonograph→sonoh, sogrh
sonorant→sonot
sonorous→sonos
sophisticated→sophd
sophistication→sophn
Sophocles→soph
Sophocles→sopho
so that →soth
Sotheby→sothe
sound features→sofes
sound orchestration→soorc
sound quality→soqu
sound segment→soset
sound segments→sosets
sound spectrograph→sosph
sound symbolism→sosym
sound-based→sobad
source case→soca
source documentation (referencing)→sodo
source expression→soex
source expressions→soexs
source item→soit
source items→soits
source language text (source text)→slt
source language→sola, sl
the source language and the target language→sltl
source and target languages→stls
Source Language→sola\, sl\
source material→somat, soemal
source message→somee, somes
source term→soter
source terms→soters
Source Text→sote\, st\
source texts→sotes, sts
Source texts→sotes\, sts\
source text analysis→sta
Source Text Analysis→sta\
source text-oriented translation studies→stos
source words→sowo
source-culture→socult
source-orientated→soor
South Africa→soaf
South African→soafn
South African→soafr
South America→soam
South American→soamn
South Carolina→socar
South Dakota→soda
southeast→soea
Southeast→soea\
southeastern→soean
Southeastern→soean\
southern→son
Southern→son
Southern→son\
southwest→sowe
Southwest→sowe\
Southwestern→sowen\
sovereign→sove
Soviet Russia→soru
space restrictions→spres
spacebar→spba
Spacebar→spba\
space-time→spti, stie
span of words（词跨距）→spwo
span position（距位）→sppo
Spanish→span
Spanish-Chinese→spchi
Spanish-English→speng, senh
spatial arrangement→spar
spatial cluster analysis→sca
spatial elements→spels
spatial relations→sprels
Speaker→spr\
speaker→spr
speakers→sprs
speaker meaning→spme
speaker-intended interpretation→siint
speaker-related→spred
speaking→speag
Special Administrative Region (SAR)→sar
Special Delivery→spde
special→specl
Special→specl\
specialist→spect
Specialist→spect\
specialists→spects
specialization→speci, specin
specialized collocation（专业性搭配）→spcol
specialized collocations→spcols
specialized corpora→spcors
specialized corpus（专用语料库）→spcor
specialized language competence→slc
specialized text（专业文本）→spte
specialized texts→sptes
specialized→specd
special-purpose→sppu, spue
Special-purpose→sppu\, spue\
specific meaning→spmea
specific→specc
Specific→specc\
specifically→specy, speccy
Specifically→specy\, speccy\
specification phase→spph
specification→specn
specifications→specns
specificity→speciy
spectrogram→spgr
spectrograph→spgra
speculate→spec
speculation→specun
speculative approach→spap
speculative→spece
Speech Act theory→saty, saty\
speech act types→sats
speech act→spac
speech acts→spacs
speech community（语言社团）→spco
speech event→spev
speech feature→spfee
speech features→spfees
speech marker→spmar
speech organ→sporn
Speech Organ→sporn\
speech organs→sporns
speech recognition system→srsy
speech recognition（言语识别）→sprec
speech repertoire→spre
speech synthesis（语言合成）→spsy
speech sound→spsod
Speech Sound→spsod\
speech sounds→spsods
spell check→spchk
spell checked→spchd
spell checker→spchr
spell checking→spchg
spelling checker→spche
Spenser, Edmund→spens
Sperber & Wilson→spwi
Spinoza, Benedictus de→spin
spiritual→spirl
split-half method（半裂方法）→shm
splitting→splig
spoken corpus（口语语料库）→spcorp
spoken English→spen
spoken interaction→spint
sponsored advertisements→spad
sponsored advertising→spadg
spontaneous speech→spsp
spontaneous→spons
sporting venue→trvee
sporting venues→trvees
spreadsheet application→ssa
spreadsheet applications→ssas
spreadsheet→spsh
spreadsheets→ssa
Springfield→spfi
Spring Festival→spfe
square brackets→sqbrs
St. Augustine→stau
St. Christopher and Nevis Is. (Capital: Basseterre; 圣克里斯托弗和尼维斯联邦，首都：巴斯特尔)→stch, shengkelisituofu
St. Francis of Assisi→stfr
St. Helena, Ascension Island, etc. (Capital: Jamestown, Georgetown, etc.; 圣赫勒拿岛和阿森松岛等[英]，首都：詹姆斯敦、乔治敦等)→sthe, shenghelena
St. Jerome Publishing, Manchester, UK & Northampton MA: .→stje
St. Jerome→stjer
St. Lucia (Capital: Castries; 圣卢西亚，首都：卡斯特里)→stlu, shengluxiya
St. Petersburg→stpe
St. Pierre and Miquelon Islands (Capital: St.Pierre; 圣皮埃尔和密克隆群岛[法]，首都：圣皮埃尔市)→stpi, shengpiaier
St. Thomas Aquinas→aqui
St.Vincent and the Grenadines (Capital: Kingstown; 圣文森特和格林纳丁斯，首都：金斯敦)→stvi,shengwensente
staff member→stfmer, stme
staff members→stfmers, stmes
staff translator→sttrr
staff translators→sttrs
stage translation→sttran
S-Tagger→star
staging→stagg
Stalinism→starl
Stallybrass→
Standard American English→saen
standard analysis→stana
standard deviation（SD，标准差）→stde
standard deviation of paragraph length（段长标准差）→sdpl
standard deviation of sentence length（句长标准差）→sdsl
standard error of estimate（SEE，估计标准误差）→see
standard error of measurement（SEM，标准误差测量）→semt
standard error of the difference between means（均值标准误差）→sedm
standard generalized markup language (SGML)→sgml
standard page→stpa
standard scores（标准分数）→stsc
standard→stan
Standard→stan\
standardization→stann
Standardization→stann\
standardizd→standd
standardize→stand
standardized language→stlan, stl
standardized languages→stlas
standardized type/token（标准化类符形符比）→stt
Standards→stans\
standpoint→stpo
Stanford University→stun
chancellor→chanr
Chancellor→chanr\
vice-chancellor→vichr
Vice-Chancellor→vichr\
STAR Transit→sttra
StarDict→stdi
state-owned enterprise (SOE)→soe
state-owned enterprises→soes
state predicate→stpr
State University of New York→suny
State University→stuni
statement→statt
statements→statts
statesman→stman
statesmen→stmas
static corpora→stcors
static corpus→stcor
stationery→statio
statistical→statl
Statistical→statl\
statistical analysis→stana
Statistical analysis→stana\
statistical analyses→stanas
statistical hypothesis（统计假设）→sthy
statistical logic（统计顺序）→stlo
statistical machine translation→smt
Statistical Machine Translation→smt\
statistical methods→stmets
Statistical Procedures→stprs\
statistical study→ststy
statistical studies（统计研究）→stst
statistical test（统计检验）→stte
statistical procedures→stprs, stlpres
statistically→staty
statistics→stat, stas
Statistics→stat\, stas\
statistics-based machine translation (SMT)→smt
statistics-based machine translation→sbmt
Statistics-based Machine Translation→sbmt\
statistics-based→stbad
stative adjective→stad
status quo→stqu
status report→stre
status-marking→stma, smag
statute law→stla
statute→statu
Statute→statu\
statutes→status
steering→steeg
Steering→steeg\
Steinbeck, John→stein
Steiner, George→stei
Stendhal→sten
steps（语阶）→step
stereotype→stty
stereotyped→sttyd
stereotypes→sttys
stereotypicality→sttyy
Sterne, Laurence→ster
Stevenson, Robert Louis→stev
steward→stew
stewardess→stewa
stimulation→stimn
stimulus-meaning→stme, smeg
stimulus-response theory (S-R theory)→srt
stochastic (probabilistic)→stocc
stochastic inversion transduction grammar（随机反向转换语法）→sitg
stock equivalents→steqs
Stoicism→stoi
stop list→stlist
stoplist file→stfi
storage device→stdee
storage devices→stdees
straight translation→sttr
straighten→strai
straightforward→stfor, stfod
Straightforward→stfor\, stfod\
straightforwardly→stfoy
straightforwardness→stfos, stfods
Straightforwardness→stfos\, stfods\
stranger→strar
strangers→strars
Strassburg→strass
strategic→strac
Strategic→strac\
strategic skill→stskl
strategic skills→stskls
strategies→stras
Strategies→stras\
strategy→stra
stratification→stran
stratified random sample（分层随机抽样）→srsg
stratified random sample（分层随机样本）→srs
stratified sampling（分层抽样）→stsa
stratified→strad
Stravinsky, Igor Fedorovich→strav
straw man gambit, the→smg
strawman gambit→stga
streamline→stlie
streamlined→stlied
stress-timed rhythm→str
stress-timed→stti, stid
strictly→striy
Strictly speaking→stsp
strident→strit
strike a balance between →sabb
structural→strul
Structural→strul\
structural cohesion→stcon
structural components of conversation→sccn
structural form (of a linguistic unit)→stfom
structural grammar→stgr
structural linguistics→stli
structural mutability（结构可变性）→stmu
structural substitution→stsu
structuralism→struc
structuralist phonology→stph
structuralist→strut
structurally complex→stcom
Structure of Scientific Revolutions, The (Kuhn)→ssre
structure shift→stshi
structure→stru
structured→strud
structured interview→stinw
structured project management→spm
structure-dependency→stdep, sdey
structuring→strug
Student Translation Archive→starc
Student→stu\
students→stus
Students→stus\
student-centered learning→scl
student-centered teaching→sct
studies→studs, stuys
Studies→stud\, stuys\
study→s
Study→s\
study abroad→stabd
Study Abroad→stabd\
stupidity→stupy
style and manner→syma
style sheet→stsh
Style Sheet→stsh\
stylistic conventions→stcos
stylistic elements→stels
stylistic elevation→stel
stylistic equivalence→steq
stylistic value→stval
stylistic variation→stva
stylistic→stylc
stylistics→styl
stylometry→stmetr, stlom
sub-branch→subr
Sub-branch→subr\
sub-branches→subrs
subatomic→suatc
subcommittee→sucomm
subconscious→sucos
subcontract→suco
subcontractor→sucor
subcorpora→sucorps
subcorpus→sucorp
subculture→sucu
subheading→suheg
subheadings→suhegs
subject area→suar
subject areas→suars
subject complement→sucot
subject expectancy（被研究者期望值）→suex
subject expertise→suexp
Subject Index→suin
Subject Index→suind
subject knowledge→sukn
Subject Knowledge→sukn\
subject tree→sutr
subject→subj
subjective case→suca
subjective→subje
subjectivity→subjy
subjectivization→subjn
subject label→sulab
subject labels→sulabs
Subject labels→sulabs\
subject matter→sumat, smar, sutmar
subject matter knowledge→smk
subject-predicate constructions→spcs
subject-predicate constructions→spcs
subject-predicate→supr
Subject-Predicate→supr\, spre\
Subject-Prominent language→spl
Subjects→subjs\
subject-verb inversion→svi
Subject-Verb structure→svs
subject-verb→suve, sveb
subjunctive mood→sumo
subjunctive→subju
sublanguage→sula
sublate→sulat
sublation→sulan
sublative suffix→susu
submersion teaching→sute
subordinate clause→sucla, sucle
subordinate clauses→suclas, sucles
subordinate→subo
subordination→subon
subsection→susen
subsections→susens
subsequent→subst
subservience→susee
subsidiary→susiy
subsidies→subsis
subsidy→subsi
substance→sub
substandard→susta
substantial→subsl
substantially→subsy
substantiate→substa
substantive universal→suun
substantive→subste
substitute→subs
substitutes→subss
substitution→subsn
subsystem→susy
subsystems→susys
sub-technical words（次技术词）→stws
subtitle→suti
subtitles→sutis
subtitled→sutid
subtitler→sutir
subtitlers→sutirs
subtitling→sutig
sub-types→sutys
subversion→subvn
subversive translation→sutra
success→succ
Success→succ\
successes→succs
Successes→succs\
successful→succl
Successful→succl\
successfully→succy
Successfully→succy\
successive→succe
sufficient→sufft
suffix→suf
suggest→sugg
suggests→suggs
suggested→suggd
suggested reading→sureg
suggested readings→suregs, sures
Suggested Readings→suregs\, sures\
suggestion→suggn
suggestions→suggns
Suggestions→suggns\
suggestive→sugge
suggestively→suggy
suitable→suite
summarized→summd
summarizing→summg
summarizing→summg
summary→summy
Summary→summy\
summative-evaluative word→sew
Summer Institute of Linguistics→sil
supercities→sucis
supercity→suci
superficial structure→sustr
superficially→superf
superhighway→suhi
superior→super
superlative→superl
superlatives→superls
supermarket→sumar
supernatural→suna
superordinate→suor
supersede→supers
superstructure→sustruc
supplement→suppt
supplements→suppts
supplemented→supptd
supplementary features→sufes
supplementary→supp
supplementary→suppy
supplementation→suppn
supplementing→suppg
supplier→suppr
suppliers→supprs
supportive→suppe
suprasegmental→suse, suprl
Suprasegmental→suse\, suprl\
suprasegmental feature→ssf, sufee
suprasegmental features→ssfs, sufees
suprasegmental phoneme→suphe
suprasegmental phonemes→suphes
supreme→supre
Supreme Court→sucou
Supreme People’s Court→spc
surface representation→sure
surface structure→ss, suste
Surface structure→ss\, suste\
surface structures→sss
surprize→surp
surprized→surpd
surprizing→surpg
Surrealism→surrm
Surrealist→surrt
surrender→surr
surrendered→surrd
surveillance→surve
surveillant→survt
Survey of English Usage (SEU)→seu
survey studies（调查研究）→sust
suspicious→susps
sustainable→sustae
Sustainable→sustae\
Swahili→swah
swear words→swwos
Swedish→swed
Swinburne, Algernon Charles→swin
switching→switg
Switzerland→swit
sworn translations→swtr
syllabic writing→sywr
syllabic→syllc
syllable→syll
syllable-group（音节组）→sygr, sgrp
syllable-groups（音节组）→sygrs, sgrs
syllables→sylls
syllable-timed rhythm→strh
syllable-timed→syti
syllabus design（大纲设计）→sydes
syllabus→sylla
Syllabus→sylla\
syllogism→syllm
syllogisms→syllms
syllogistic→sylloc
syllogistic reasoning→syrea, syreg
symbolic language→sylan
symbolic language→sylan
symbolic→symbc
Symbolism→symb
symbols→symbs
symmetric→symmc
symmetrical→symml
symmetry→symmy
sympathetic→sympc
Symposium→symp\
symposium→symp
symposiums→symps
synchronic corpora→sycos
synchronic corpus（共时语科库）→syco
synchronic interlingual comparison→sic
synchronic intralingual comparison→sicom
synchronic linguistics→syli
synchronic meaning→syme
synchronic→syncc
synchronization→syncn
synchronize→synch
synecdoche→syne
synecdoche→syne
synonym→synom
synonymity→synoyy
synonymous→synos
synonymously→synosy
synonyms→synoms
synonymy→synoy
Synonymy→synoy\
synoptic perspective→syper
syntactic construction→syccon, sycon
syntactic constructions→syccons, sycons
syntactic deep structure→sds
syntactic description→syde
syntactic isomorphy→syis
syntactic patterning→pattg
syntactic properties→syprs
syntactic relations→syrels
syntactic restraints（语法的限制作用）→syress
syntactic segment（句法片段）→syse
syntactic segments→syses
syntactic strategies→systrs
syntactic strategy→systr
syntactic structure→syst
Syntactic Structures (Chomsky)→systs\
syntactic→syntc
syntactic→syntc
Syntactic→syntc\
syntactic order→sycorr
syntactically→synty
Syntactically→synty\
syntagm→synta
syntagmatic axis（组合轴）→syax
syntagmatic choice（组合选择）→sych
syntagmatic choices→sychs
syntagmatic equivalence→syeq
syntagmatic factor（组合因素）→syfa
syntagmatic factors→syfas
syntagmatic relation（组合关系）→syre
syntagmatic relations→syres
syntagmatic semantic relation→ssr
syntagmatic→syntag
syntax→synt
Syntax→synt\
syntax-based→syba
synthesis→synthe
synthesis→synths
synthesize→synth
synthetic expression→syex
synthetic language→syla
synthetic truth→sytru
system analysis→syan
system analyst→syant
System Commander→sycom
system of nomenclature→synom
system performance→sype
system→sys
System→sys\
systematic→systc
systematically→systy
systematic phonemic level→sple
systematic phonetic level→splev
systemic contrast→syccot, sycot
systemic contrasts→syccots, sycots
systemic grammar→sysgrr, sygra
systemic-functional linguistics→sfl
systemic-functional→syfu, sful
systems of nomenclature→synoms
systems theories→syths
systems theory→syth
systems→syss
Systems→syss\
Systran→sytr
Sythian→sythn
T score（T－分值）→tsco
table of random numbers（随机数表）→trn
tables and figures→tafies
Tables and Figures→tafies\
taboo subject→tasu
taboo subjects→tasus
Tacitus→taci
tackling→tackg
tact maxim→tama
Tag assigning（配码）→taas
tag disambiguation（解决歧义码）→
tag editor→taedr
TagEditor→taedr\
tag question→taq, taqu
Tagalog→taga
tagged corpora→tacos
tagged corpus→taco
tagged file→tafi
tagged files→tafis
tagged file formats→tffs
tagging error→taer
tagging errors→taers
tagging→taggg
tagmemics→tagm
Tagore, Rabindranath→tago
tagset（附码集）→tase
tagsets→tases
takeaway→taaw
talk exchange→taex
talk exchanges→taexs
tangible→tange
Tanzania→tanz
target audience→taau
target context→tacon
target culture→tacu
target function→tafu
target language deprivation→tlde
target language text (target text)→tltt
target language→tala, tl
Target Language→tala\, tl\
target readers→tarers
target readership→tare
target text generating→ttg
Target Text Generating→ttg\
Target text quality requirements for translation services of the People’s Republic of China （《中华人民共和国国家标准：翻译服务译文质量要求》[2005年9月1日生效]）→ttqs, ttqc, ffyq, fyfq, fanyifuwuyiwenzhiliangyaoqiu
target text→tate
Target Text→tate\
target text-oriented translation studies→ttos
target text-oriented→ttod
target texts→tates
target words→tawo
target-orientated→taor, tord
target-oriented approach→toa
target-text type→ttt
task-specific→taspc, tspc
taste and smell→tasm
taught→ted
taxation→tax, taxan
taxonomic phonology→taph
taxonomic→taxoc
taxonomies→taxos
taxonomy→taxo
Tchaikovsky, Peter Ilich→tcha
teach→te
teacher→ter
teachers→ters
Teachers→ters\
teaching→teg, teacg
Teaching→teg\, teacg\
teaching algorithm→teal
teaching and research→teres
Teaching and Research→teres\
Teaching Assistant→ta
Teaching Associate→tas
teaching translation→tegtrn tegtn
teaching of translation→totn
team translation→tetrans, temtrn
technical→techl
Technical→techl\
technical aids→teai
technical language→tela
technical literature（技术文献）→telit
technical term→tetem
technical terms→tetems
Technical Terms→tetems\
technical terminology→teter
technical text→tetex, tetet
Technical text→tetex\, tetet\
technical texts→tetets
Technical texts→tetets\
technical translation→tetrn, tetn
Technical translation→tetrn\, tetn\
technical usage→teuse
technical word→tewod
technical words→tewods
technical writing→tewrg
technical writings→tewrgs
technicalities→technic
technicality→techny
technician→techr, techns
technicians→techrs, techns
technique→teche
techniques→teches
technological→techyl
technologies→techys
Technology News→tene\
technology news→tenew
technology→techy
Technology→techy\
teenager→teenr
teenagers→teens
telecommuication→tecomn
telecommuication service→tesee
telecommuication services→tesees
telegraphic speech→tesp
telephone→teph, tel
television dialogue→tedie
television dubbing→tedu
temperance→tempe
temperate→tempe
temperature→temp
template→templa
templates→temps
temporal elements→teeles
temporal→templ
temporally→temply
Tennessee→tenn
Tennyson, Alfred Lord→tenny
tension→tens
tentative→tente
tentative answer→teanr
tentative answers→teanrs
Tentative answers→teanrs\
tentativeness→tents
Terence→teree
Term Bank Search→tbse
term bank→tb, teba
Term Bank→tb\, teba\
term banks→tbs, tebas
term creation→tecra
term extraction→teext
term frequency→tefr
term paper→tepar
term papers→tepars
term record sheet→trsh
Term Watch→tewa
terminate→termi
terminological→terml
terminological consistency→teco
terminological data bank (term bank)→tdba
terminological data banks (term banks)→tdbs
terminological data→teda
terminological database→tedat, tdb
terminological databases→tedats, tedas
terminological problem→telprm
terminological problems→telprms
Terminological problems→telprms\
terminological translation→teltrn
Terminological translation→teltrn\
terminological work→telwok, tewo
Terminological work→telwok\, tewo\
terminological→terml
terminologist→termt
terminologists→termts
terminology management→tema
Terminology Management→tema\
terminology→termg
terminologies→termgs
Terminology→termg\
Terms and Conditions→tecond
terms of payment→tepa
Termstar→testa
territory→terr
Territory→terr\
terrorism→terro
terrorists→terrts
tertiary institution→teinn
Tertiary Institution→teinn\
tertiary institutions→teinns
Tertiary Institutions→teinns\
tertiary→terrts
tertiary→terty
tertium comparationis→tecomp
test consistency（检验一致性）→tecoy
test corpus（测试语料库）→tecos
test reliability（检验信度）→terey
test translations→tetra
test-compiling→tecog, tcog
testimonial→testl
testing procedures→teprs
text analysis→tean
text assimilation→teas
text construction→tecons
Text Encoding Initiative (TEI)→tei
text expansion→teex
text format→tefo
text function→tefu
text organization→teorg
text preparation→tepr
text scanning→tesc
text status→testat
text stimulus→testi
text structure→test
text synthesis→tesy
text type→tety
text types→tetys
text typologies→tetyps
text typology→tetyp
text-based→tebad, tbad
textbook→tebo
Textbook→tebo\
textbooks→tebos
Textbooks→tebos\
texteme→texte
text-in-situation→tesi
text-internal connector→tic
text-internal connectors→tics
textlinguistics→teli
text-negotiation strategies→tnss
text-normative equivalence→tne
textology→texto
text-oriented→teord
text-pragmatic→teprc, tprc
text-pragmatics→tepra, tprs
text-reflexive expression→tre
text-reflexive expressions→tres
text-semiotics→tese, tses
text-sense→tesen, tsee
text-type restricted (discourse-type restricted)→ttre
text typology→tetyy
text-type→tety-
text-types→tetys-
textual analysis→teana
textual coherence→tecoe
textual cohesion→tecoh, tecon
textual competence→tecom
textual consumption→teconsu
textual criteria→tecrs
textual criticism→tecr
textual elements→teels
textual equivalence→teeq
textual equivalent→teeqt
textual focus→tefoc
textual function→tefu
textual functions→tefus
textual meaning→teme
textual means→temes
textual norms→tenos
textual organization→teor
textual purpose→tepu
textual strategies→tests
textual structure→testr
Textual Structure→testr\
textual transfer→tetran
textuality→texty
textualization→textn
texture→text
text-worlds→tewors, twos
Thackeray, William Makepeace→thac
The Apology→apol\
the Arab Republic of Egypt (Capital: Cairo; 阿拉伯埃及共和国，首都：开罗)→egypt, aiji
that is,→ie.
the Azerbaijani Republic (Capital: Baku; 阿塞拜疆共和国，首都：巴库)→azer, asaibaijiang
the Bermuda Islands (Capital: Hamilton; 百慕大群岛[英]，首都：哈密尔顿)→beiss, baimuda
the British Virgin Islands (Capital: Road Town; 英属维尔京群岛，首都：罗德城)→viisss, yingshuweierjing
the Central African Republic (Capital: Bangui; 中非共和国，首都：班吉)→ceaf, zhongfei
the Commonwealth of Australia (Capital: Canberra; 澳大利亚联邦，首都：堪培拉)→austra, aodaliya
the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (Capital: San Juan; 波多黎各自由邦[美]，首都：圣胡安)→puri, boduolige
the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana (Capital: Islands Saipan; 北马里亚纳群岛自由联邦[美]，首都：赛班岛)→noma, beimaliyana
the Cook Islands (Capital: Avarua; 库克群岛[新]，首都：阿瓦鲁阿)→coiss, kuke
the Cooperative Republic of Guyana (Capital: Georgetown; 圭亚那合作共和国，首都：乔治敦)→guya, guiyana
the Czech Republic (Capital: Prague; 捷克共和国，首都：布拉格)→czec, jieke
the Democratic People’s Republic of Algeria (Capital: Algiers; 阿尔及利亚民主人民共和国，首都：阿尔及尔)→alge, aerjiliya
the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (Capital: Pyongyang; 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国，首都：平壤)→dprk, chaoxian
the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe (Capital: Sao Tome; 圣多美和普林西比民主共和国，首都：圣多美)→satp, shengduomeihekpkulinxibi
the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (Capital: Colombo; 斯里兰卡民主社会主义共和国，首都：科伦坡)→sril, sililanka
the Dominican Republic (Capital: Santo Domingo; 多米尼加共和国，首都：圣多明各)→domin, duomini
the Dominican State (Capital: Roseau; 多米尼加国，首都：罗索)→domini, duominijia
the Faeroe Islands (Capital: Torshavn; 法罗群岛[丹]，首都：曹斯哈恩)→faiss, faluoqundao
the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (Capital: Addis Ababa; 埃塞俄比亚联邦民主共和国，首都：亚的斯亚贝巴)→ethi, aisaiebiya
the Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros (Capital: Moroni; 科摩罗伊斯兰联邦共和国，首都：莫罗尼)→comoro, kemoluo
the Federal Republic of Germany (Capital: Berlin; 德意志联邦共和国，首都：柏林)→germa, deguo
the Federal Republic of Nigeria (Capital: Abuja; 尼日利亚联邦共和国，首都：阿布贾)→niger, niriliya
the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Capital: Belgrade; 南斯拉夫联盟共和国，首都：贝尔格莱德)→yugo, nansilafu
the Federated States of Micronesia (Capital: Palikir; 密克罗尼西亚联邦，首都：帕利基尔)→micr, mikeluonixiya
the Federative Republic of Brazil (Capital: Brasilia; 巴西联邦共和国，首都：巴西利亚)→braz, baxi
The first→1st\
the first→1st
The second→2nd\
the second→2nd
The third→3rd\
the third→3rd
the Gabon Republic (Capital: Libreville; 加蓬共和国，首都：利伯维尔)→gabo, jiapeng
the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (Capital: Luxembourg Ville; 卢森堡大公国，首都：卢森堡)→luxe, lusenbao
The Great Socialist People’s Libyan Arab (Capital: Tripoli; 大阿拉伯利比亚人民社会主义民众国，首都：的黎波里)→liar, alabolibiya
the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (Capital: Amman; 约旦哈希姆王国，首都：安曼)→haki, yuedanhaximu
the Hellenic Republic (Capital: Athens; 希腊共和国，首都：雅典)→hell, xila
the Independent State of Papua New Guinea (Capital: Port Moresby; 巴布亚新几内亚独立国，首都：莫尔斯比港)→papu, babuyaxinjineiya
the Independent State of Western Samoa (Capital: Apia; 西萨摩亚独立国，首都：阿皮亚)→wesam, xisamoya
the Islamic Afghanistan (Capital: Kabul; 阿富汗伊斯兰国，首都：喀布尔)→afgh, afuhan
the Islamic Republic of Iran (Capital: Teheran; 伊朗伊斯兰共和国，首都：德黑兰)→iran, yilang
the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (Capital: Nouakchott; 毛里塔尼亚伊斯兰共和国，首都：努瓦克肖特)→maur, maolitaniya
the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Capital: Islamabad; 巴基斯坦伊斯兰共和国，首都：伊斯兰堡)→paki, bajisitan
the Italian Republic (Capital: Rome; 意大利共和国，首都：罗马)→itali, yidali
the Kingdom of Belgium (Capital: Brussels; 比利时王国，首都：布鲁塞尔)→belg, bilishi
the kingdom of Bhutan (Capital: Thimphu; 不丹王国，首都：延布)→bhut, budan
the Kingdom of Denmark (Capital: Copenhagen; 丹麦王国，首都：哥本哈根)→denm, danmai
the Kingdom of Lesotho (Capital: Maseru; 莱索托王国，首都：马塞卢)→leso, laisuotuo
the Kingdom of Morocco (Capital: Rabat; 摩洛哥王国，首都：拉巴特)→moroc, moluoge
the Kingdom of Nepal (Capital: Kathmandu; 尼泊尔王国，首都：加德满都)→nepal, niboer
the Kingdom of Norway (Capital: Oslo; 挪威王国，首都：奥斯陆)→norw, nuowei
the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Capital: Riyadh; 沙特阿拉伯王国，首都：利雅得)→saar, shatealabo
the Kingdom of Spain (Capital: Madrid; 西班牙，首都：马德里)→spai, xibanya
the Kingdom of Swaziland (Capital: Mbabane; 斯威士兰王国，首都：姆巴巴纳)→swaz, siweishilan
the Kingdom of Sweden (Capital: Stockholm; 瑞典王国，首都：斯德哥尔摩)→swede, ruidian
the Kingdom of Thailand (Capital: Bangkok; 泰国，首都：曼谷)→thai, taiguo
the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Capital: Amsterdam; 荷兰，首都：阿姆斯特丹)→nether, helan
the Kingdom of Tonga (Capital: Nukualofa; 汤加王国，首都：努库阿洛法)→tong, tangjia
the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Capital: Vientiane; 老挝人民民主共和国，首都：万象)→lao, laowo
the New York Times, the →nyt
the People’s Republic of Bangladesh (Capital: Dhaka; 孟加拉人民共和国，首都：达卡)→bangl, mengjiala
the Pitcairn Islands (Capital: Adamstown; 皮特开恩群岛[英]，首都：亚当斯敦)→piiss, pitekaien
the Principality of Andorra (Capital: Andorra la Vella; 安道尔公国，首都：安道尔城)→ando, andaoer
the Principality of Liechtenstein (Capital: Vaduz; 列支敦士登公国，首都：瓦杜兹)→liec, liezhidunshideng
the Principality of Monaco (Capital: Monaco Ville; 摩纳哥公国，首都：摩纳哥城)→mona, monage
the Republic of Albania (Capital: Tirana; 阿尔巴尼亚共和国，首都：地拉那)→alba, aerbaniya
the Republic of Angola (Capital: Luanda; 安哥拉共和国，首都：罗安达)→ango, angela
the Republic of Armenia (Capital: Yerevan; 亚美尼亚共和国，首都：埃里温)→arme, yameiniya
the Republic of Austria (Capital: Vienna; 奥地利共和国，首都：维也纳)→austr, aodili
the Republic of Belarus (Capital: Minsk; 白俄罗斯共和国，首都：明斯克)→bela, baieluosi
the Republic of Benin (Capital: Porto Novo; 贝宁共和国，首都：波多诺夫)→beni, beining
the Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina (Capital: Sarajevo; 波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那共和国(波黑，首都：萨拉热窝)→bohe, bosiniya
the Republic of Botswana (Capital: Gaborone; 博茨瓦纳共和国，首都：哈博罗内)→bots, bociwana
the Republic of Bulgaria (Capital: Sofia; 保加利亚共和国，首都：索非亚)→bulga, baojialiya
the Republic of Burundi (Capital: Bujumbura; 布隆迪共和国，首都：布琼布拉)→buru, bulongdi
the Republic of Cameroon (Capital: Yaounde; 喀麦隆共和国，首都：雅温得)→camer, kamailong
the Republic of Cape Verde (Capital: Praia; 佛得角共和国，首都：普拉亚)→caver, fodejiao
the Republic of Chad (Capital: N’djamena; 乍得共和国，首都：恩贾梅纳)→chad, zhade
the Republic of Colombia (Capital: Santa Fe Bogota; 哥伦比亚共和国，首都：圣菲波哥大)→coloa, gelunbiya
the Republic of Costa Rica (Capital: San Jose; 哥斯达黎加共和国，首都：圣何塞)→coric, gesidalijia
the Republic of Cote d’Ivoire (Capital: Yamoussoukro; 科特迪瓦共和国，首都：亚穆苏克罗)→codiv, ketediwa
the Republic of Croatia (Capital: Zagreb; 克罗地亚共和国，首都：萨格勒布)→croa, keluodiya
the Republic of Cuba (Capital: La Havana; 古巴共和国，首都：哈瓦那)→cuba, guba
the Republic of Cyprus (Capital: Nicosia; 塞浦路斯共和国，首都：尼科西亚)→cypr, saipulusi
the Republic of Djibouti (Capital: Djibouti; 吉布提共和国，首都：吉布提市)→djib, jibuti
the Republic of Ecuador (Capital: Quito; 厄瓜多尔共和国，首都：基多)→ecua, eguaduoer
the Republic of Equatorial Guine (Capital: Malaboa; 赤道几内亚共和国，首都：马拉博)→eqgu, chidaojineiya
the Republic of Estonia (Capital: Tallinn; 爱沙尼亚共和国，首都：塔林)→estoni, aishaniya
the Republic of Fiji (Capital: Suva; 斐济共和国，首都：苏瓦)→fiji, feiji
the Republic of Finland (Capital: Helsinki; 芬兰共和国，首都：赫尔辛基)→finl, fenlan
the Republic of France (Capital: Paris; 法兰西共和国，首都：巴黎)→franc, faguo
the Republic of Gambia (Capital: Banjul; 冈比亚共和国，首都：班珠尔)→gambi, gangbiya
the Republic of Georgia (Capital: Tbilisi; 格鲁吉亚，首都：第比利斯)→geor, gelujiya
the Republic of Ghana (Capital: Accra; 加纳共和国，首都：阿克拉)→ghan, jiana
the Republic of Guinea (Capital: Conakry; 几内亚共和国，首都：科纳克里)→guin, jineiya
the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (Capital: Bissau; 几内亚比绍共和国，首都：比绍)→gubi, jineiyabishao
the Republic of HaitiPort-au-Prince (Capital: ; 海地共和国，首都：太子港)→hait, haidi
the Republic of Honduras (Capital: Tegucigalpa; 洪都拉斯共和国，首都：特古西加尔巴)→hond, hongdulasi
the Republic of Hungary (Capital: Budapest; 匈牙利共和国，首都：布达佩斯)→hunga, xiongyali
the Republic of Iceland (Capital: Reykjavik; 冰岛共和国，首都：雷克雅未克)→icel, bingdao
the Republic of India (Capital: New Delhi; 印度共和国，首都：新德里)→indiaa, yinduu
the Republic of Indonesia (Capital: Jakarta; 印度尼西亚共和国，首都：雅加达)→indon, yindunixiya
the Republic of Iraq (Capital: Baghdad; 伊拉克共和国，首都：巴格达)→iraq, yilake
the Republic of Ireland (Capital: Dublin; 爱尔兰，首都：都柏林)→irel, aierlan
the Republic of Kazakhstan (Capital: Astana; 哈萨克斯坦共和国，首都：阿斯塔纳)→kaza, hasakesitan
the Republic of Kenya (Capital: Nairobi; 肯尼亚共和国，首都：内罗毕)→keny, kenniya
the Republic of Kiribati (Capital: Tarawa; 基里巴斯共和国，首都：塔拉瓦)→kiri, jilibasi
the Republic of Korea (Capital: Seoul; 韩国，首都：汉城)→korea, hanguo
the Republic of Kyrgyzstan (Capital: Bishkek; 吉尔吉斯斯坦共和国，首都：比什凯克)→kyrg, jierjisisitan
the Republic of Latvia (Capital: Riga; 拉脱维亚共和国，首都：里加)→latv, latuoweiya
the Republic of Lebanon (Capital: Beirut; 黎巴嫩共和国，首都：贝鲁特)→leba, libanen
the Republic of Liberia (Capital: Monrovia; 利比里亚共和国，首都：蒙罗维亚)→liberi, libiliya
the Republic of Lithuania (Capital: Vilnius; 立陶宛共和国，首都：维尔纽斯)→lithu, litaowan
the Republic of Macedonia (Capital: Skopje; 马其顿共和国，首都：斯科普里)→mace, maqidun
the Republic of Madagascar (Capital: Antananarivo; 马达加斯加共和国，首都：塔那那利佛)→mada, madajiasijia
the Republic of Malawi (Capital: Lilongwe; 马拉维共和国，首都：利隆圭)→malaw, malawei
the Republic of Maldives (Capital: Male; 马尔代夫共和国，首都：马累)→mald, maerdaifu
the Republic of Mali (Capital: Bamako; 马里共和国，首都：巴马科)→malii
the Republic of Malta (Capital: Valletta; 马耳他共和国，首都：瓦莱塔)→malt, maerta
the Republic of Mauritius (Capital: Port Louis; 毛里求斯共和国，首都：路易港)→mauri, maoliqiusi
the Republic of Moldova (Capital: Kishinev; 摩尔多瓦共和国，首都：基希讷乌)→mold, moerduowa
the Republic of Mozambique (Capital: Maputo; 莫桑比克共和国，首都：马普托)→moza, mosangbike
the Republic of Namibia (Capital: Windhoek; 纳米比亚共和国，首都：温得和克)→nami, namibiya
the Republic of Nauru (Capital: Yaren District; 瑙鲁共和国，首都：亚伦区)→naur, naonu
the Republic of Nicaragua (Capital: Managua; 尼加拉瓜共和国，首都：马那瓜)→nica, nijialagua
the Republic of Niger (Capital: Niamey; 尼日尔共和国，首都：尼亚美)→nige, nirier
the Republic of Palau (Capital: Koror; 帕劳共和国，首都：科罗尔)→palau, palao
the Republic of Panama (Capital: Panama City; 巴拿马共和国，首都：巴拿马城)→pana, banama
the Republic of Peru (Capital: Lima; 秘鲁共和国，首都：利马)→peru, bilu
the Republic of Poland (Capital: Warsaw; 波兰共和国，首都：华沙)→polan, bolan
the Republic of Portugal (Capital: Lisbon; 葡萄牙共和国，首都：里斯本)→portug, putaolya
the Republic of Rwanda (Capital: Kigali; 卢旺达共和国，首都：基加利)→rwan, luwangda
the Republic of Salvador (Capital: St. Salvador; 萨尔瓦多共和国，首都：圣萨尔瓦多)→salv, saerwaduo
the Republic of San Marino (Capital: San Marino; 圣马力诺共和国，首都：圣马力诺)→sanm, shengmalinuo
the Republic of Senegal (Capital: Dakar; 塞内加尔共和国，首都：达喀尔)→sene, saineijiaer
the Republic of Seychelles (Capital: Victoria; 塞舍尔共和国，首都：维多利亚)→seyc, saisheer
the Republic of Sierra Leone (Capital: Freetown; 塞拉利昂共和国，首都：弗里敦)→sileo, sailaliang
the Republic of Singapore (Capital: Singapore City; 新加坡共和国，首都：新加坡)→sing, xinjiapo
the Republic of Slovakia (Capital: Bratislava; 斯洛伐克共和国，首都：布拉迪斯拉发)→slov, siluofake
the Republic of Slovenia (Capital: Ljubljana; 斯洛文尼亚共和国，首都：卢布尔雅那)→slove, siluowenniya
the Republic of South Africa (Capital: Pretoria; 南非共和国，首都：比勒陀利亚)→soafri, nanfei
the Republic of Surinam (Capital: Paramaribo; 苏里南共和国，首都：帕拉马里博)→suri, sulinan
the Republic of Tadzhikistan (Capital: Dushanbe; 塔吉克斯坦共和国，首都：杜尚别)→tadz, tajikesitan
the Republic of the Congo (Capital: Brazzaville; 刚果共和国，首都：布拉柴维尔)→congo, gangguo
the Republic of the Marshall Islands (Capital: Majuro; 马绍尔群岛共和国，首都：马朱罗)→mais, mashaoer
the Republic of the Philippines (Capital: Manila; 菲律宾共和国，首都：马尼拉)→phili, feilvbin
the Republic of the Sudan (Capital: Khartoum; 苏丹共和国，首都：喀土穆)→suda, sudan
the Republic of Togo (Capital: Lome; 多哥共和国，首都：洛美)→togo, duoge
the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (Capital: Port of Spain; 特立尼达和多巴哥共和国，首都：西班牙港)→trtob, telinidaheduobage
the Republic of Tunisia (Capital: Tunis ; 突尼斯共和国，首都：突尼斯)→tuni, tunisi
the Republic of Turkey (Capital: Ankara; 土耳其共和国，首都：安卡拉)→turke, tuerqi
the Republic of Turkmenistan (Capital: Ashkhabad; 土库曼斯坦，首都：阿什哈巴德)→turkm, tukumansitan
the Republic of Uganda (Capital: Kampala; 乌干达共和国，首都：坎帕拉)→ugan, wuganda
the Republic of Uzbekistan (Capital: Tashkent; 乌兹别克斯坦共和国，首都：塔什干)→uzbe, wuzibieke
the Republic of Vanuatu (Capital: Port Vila; 瓦努阿图共和国，首都：维拉港)→vanu, wanuatu
the Republic of Venezuela (Capital: Caracas; 委内瑞拉共和国，首都：加拉加斯)→venezu, weineiruila
the Republic of Venezuela (Capital: Venezuela City; 危地马拉共和国，首都：危地马拉城)→venez, weidimala
the Republic of Yemen (Capital: Sana’a; 也门共和国，首都：萨那)→yeme, yemen
the Republic of Zaire (Capital: Kinshasa; 扎伊尔共和国，首都：金沙萨)→zair, zhayier
the Republic of Zambia (Capital: Lusaka; 赞比亚共和国，首都：卢萨卡)→zamb, zanbiya
the Republic of Zimbabwe (Capital: Harare; 津巴布韦共和国，首都：哈拉雷)→zimb, jinbabuwei
the Russian Federation (Capital: Moscow; 俄罗斯联邦，首都：莫斯科)→russ, eluosi
the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Capital: Hanoi; 越南社会主义共和国，首都：河内)→viet, yuenan
the Somali Republic (Capital: Mogadishu; 索马里共和国，首都：摩加迪沙)→somal, suomali
the State of Israel (Capital: Tel Aviv; 以色列国，首都：特拉维夫)→isra, yiselie
the State of Kuwait (Capital: Kuwait City; 科威特国，首都：科威特城)→kuwa, keweite
the State of Palestine (Capital: Jerusalem; 巴勒斯坦国，首都：耶路撒冷)→pale, balesitan
the State of Qatar (Capital: Doha; 卡塔尔国，首都：多哈)→qata, kataer
the State of the Bahamas (Capital: Nassau; 巴哈马国，首都：拿骚)→baha, bahama
the Sultanate of Oman (Capital: Muscat; 阿曼苏丹国，首都：马斯喀特)→suom, amansudan
the Swiss confederation (Capital: Bern; 瑞士联邦，首都：伯尔尼)→swis, ruishi
the Syrian Arab Republic (Capital: Damascus; 阿拉伯叙利亚共和国，首都：大马士革)→syar, alaboxvliya
the Union of Myanmar (Capital: Yangon; 缅甸联邦，首都：仰光)→myan, miandian
the United Arab Emirates (Capital: Abu Dhabi; 阿拉伯联合酋长国，首都：阿布扎比)→arem, alianqiu
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Capital: London; 大不列颠及北爱尔联合王国，首都：伦敦)→grbri, dabuliedian
the United Mexican States (Capital: Mexico City; 墨西哥合众国，首都：墨西哥城)→mexi, moxige
the United Republic of Tanzania (Capital: Dar es Salaam; 坦桑尼亚联合共和国，首都：达累斯萨拉姆)→tanza, tansangniya
the United States of America (Capital: Washington D.C; 美利坚合众国，首都：华盛顿哥伦比亚特区)→amer, meiguo
the University of Toronto, the→unto
the Vatican City State (Capital: the Vatican City; 梵蒂冈城国，首都：梵蒂冈城)→vati, fandigang
the Virgin Islands of the United States (Capital: Charlotte Amalie; 美属维尔京群岛，首都：夏洛特•阿马里)→viiss, meishuweierjing
the Washington Post, the→wapo
theater translation→thtr
theatre discourse→thdi
theatrical translation→thtran
theatrical→theal
thematic fronting→thfrg
thematic meaning→thmeg
thematic organization point→top
thematic progression→thprn
thematic relevance→three
thematic search→thsea
Thematic Structure→thst\
thematic structure→thstr
thematic structures→thsts
thematic subject→thsu
thematic→themc
thematization→themn
theme-rheme progression→trp
theme-rheme structure→trstru
theme-rheme→thrh, trhe\
Theme-Rheme→thrh\, trhe\
themselves→thems, thses
theological→theoll
theorem→theor
theoretical and practical implications→tpis
Theoretical and Practical Implications→tpis\
theoretical framework→thfra
Theoretical framework→thfra\, thfr\
theoretical linguistics→thli
theoretical model→thmo
theoretical models→thmos
theoretical study→thsty
theoretical studies→jute
theoretical translation studies→ttst
theoretical→theol
Theoretical→theol\
theories of translation→thtrs
theories→theos
theorists→theots
theorizing→theog
theorizing→theog
theory of sense (interpret(ta)tive theory of translation)→thse
theory-driven→thdr, tdrn
therefore→thfo, ther
Therefore→thfo\, ther\
there is →this
There is →this\
there are →thar
There are →thar\
thereby→thby
thesaurus→thes
thesis project→thpr
thesis proposal→thpro
Thesis Proposal→thpro\
thesis proposals→thpros
Thesis Project→thpr\
thesis research→thres
Thesis Research→thres\
thesis project→thpr
thesis writing→thwr
Thesis writing→thwr\
thick glossing→thglo
thick translation→thtra
thin glossing→thgl
think-aloud protocol (TAP)→tap
think-aloud protocols→taps
thinking pattern→thpa
third code→thco
third language→thla
third-person→thpe, tpen
Thompson→thom
Thoreau, Henry David→thor
thorough→thor
Thousand and One Nights, the→tons
threshold frequency（起点频数）→thfre
Through the Looking Glass→tlg
through→thro
throughout→thout
through which→thwh
throwaway→thawy
throwaways→thawys
Thus Spake Zarathustra (Nietzsche)→tsz
Tianjin Municipality→timu
Tibet Autonomous Region, the→tar
Tibetan→tiben
tightly knit→tikn
tight-rope walker→trwr
time case→tica
time deixis→tide
time orientation→tior
time-restricted→tired
Times New Roman→tnr
timetable→titae
Timetable→titae\
timetables→titaes
Timothy→timo
Tirkkonen-Conduit, Sonja→tirk
Today’s English Version of the Bible (TEV)→tev
Todorov, Tzvetan→todo
together→toge, to
Tokelau (Capital: Fakaofo; 托克劳[新]，首都：法考福)→toke, tuolaoke
tokenization（西文断词）→token
tolerance→tolee
tolerant→tolet
Tolstoy, Leo Nikolayevich→tols
tomatoes→tomas
tomorrow→tomo
tonal system→tosy
tone group→togr
tone language→tola
tonic stress (of a unit of information)→tost
tonic syllable→tosyl
tonicity (intonational focus 调核位置)→toniy
toolbar→toba
tooth decay (dental caries)→todey
top-down procedure→tdp
top-down process→topr
topic of communication→toco
topic structure→toste
topic structures→tostes
topicalization→topin
Topicalization→topin\
topicalize→topie
topicalized clause→tocle
topicalized→topid
topic-comment→tocom, tcot
Topic-Comment→tocom\, tcot\
Topic-Prominent language→tpl
top-level domain→tld
top-notch→tonoh
Torah translation→totr
total translation→totra
totalizing model→tomod
Toulmin, Stephen→toulm
Toulouse→toul
tourism→tour
Tourism→tour\
tourist brochure→tobr
tourist English→toen
tourist→tourt
tournament→tournt
Tournament→tournt\
tournaments→tourns, tournts
Toury, Gideon→toury
Tower of Babel→tobab
townspeople→tope
trade literature→trli
trademark→trma
Trademark→trma\
trademarks→trmas
trademark translation→trtrn, tmtn
trademark translations→trtrns, tmtns
tradition→tradn
traditions→trads
Tradition→tradn\
traditional→tradl
Traditional→tradl\
traditionally→tradly
Traditionally→tradly\
traditional Chinese→trchi
Traditional Chinese→trchi\
traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)→tcme
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)→tcme\
traditional grammar→trgr
traditional linguistics→trlis
Traditional linguistics→trlis\
Trados Translator’s Workbench→ttw
traductology→trad
traffic control→trconl
traffic control center→tccr
Traffic Control Center→tccrc
traffic police→tcpoe
Traffic Police→tcpoec
traffic system→trsysm
traffic systems→trsysms
trainee→traie
traing corpus（训练语料库）→trcor
training→traig
Trans Suite→trsu
Trans Web Express→twe
transaction→trann
transcend→tran
transcendence→trans
transcendental→transc
transcendentalism→transce
transcending→trang
transcoding→trcog
transcribe→trsce
transcribed→trsce
transcribing→trsceg
transcription→trscn
Transcription→trscn\
transcriptions→trscns
transediting→tredg
transeme→transe
TranServer→trser
transfer algorithm→tralg
transfer approach→trap
transfer mechanism→trme
transfer operation→trop
transfer procedure→trproce
transfer process→trproc
transferability→transy
transferable→transfer
transference→transfe
transfer-oriented translation studies→tots
transfer-oriented→trori
transform→trfo
transforms→trfos
transformation→trfon
Transformational Generative Grammar→tgg
Transformational Grammar→trgra, trgrr
transformational rule→trru
transformational→trfol
transformed→trfod
Transit→trsi
transition matrix（过场矩阵）→trmat
transition probability（相邻码渡越概率）→trprob
transition→transit
transition-relevance→trre, tree
transitive verb→trve, vt
transitive→transt
transitivity→transti
translatability→trany
translate→ t, tra
Translate→t\, tra\
translated→td, trand
translated as→tdas
translated literature→trlit
translated text (translat, translatum)→trtex
translating competence→trcomp
translating course→trcou
translating→tg
Translating→tg\
translating-editing→tred, tedg
Translating-editing→tred\, tedg\
translation→tn
Translation→tn\
translation agencies→trags
translation agency→trage
translation aids→trai
translation approach→trapp
translation assessment→trasse
translation assignment→trast
translation assignments→trasts
translation brief→trbr
translation client→trcl
translation clients→trcls
translation community→trcoy
translation companies→trcos
translation company→trcom
translation comparison→trcompa
translation competence→trcoe
Translation Competence→trcoe\
translation consultant→trcon
Translation Consultant→trcon\
translation corpora→tcs, trcs
Translation Corpora→tcs\, trcs\, trcos\
Translation Corpus Search→tcse
translation corpus→tc, trco
Translation Corpus→tc\, trco\
translation criticism→trcrm
translation decision→trden
translation decisions→trdens
translation engine→trene
translation engines→trens
translation equivalence→trequ
translation equivalent→treqt
translation equivalents→treqts
translation error→trer
translation errors→trers
translation ethics→trets
Translation ethics→trets\
translation exercises→trexs
translation handling process→thp
translation industry→trin
Translation Manager→trmar
translation market→trmark
translation memories (TMs)→tms
Translation Memories (TMs)→tms\
translation memory (TM)→tm
Translation Memory (TM)→tm\
Translation memory exchange format (TMX)→tmx
translation memory systems→tmss
translation norms→trnos
translation of trademarks→trtrks, ttmks
translation output→trou
translation pedagogy→trpey, tnpey
translation planning→trpla
translation practice→trpre
translation practitioner→trprr
Translation Prize→trpri
translation problem→trprm
translation problems→trprms
translation procedure→trnpre
translation procedures→trnpres
translation process→trprs
translation processes→trprss
translation program→trnprm
translation programs→trnprms
translation project→trprt
translation projects→trprts
translation purpose→trpue
translation quality→trquy
translation resources→trres
Translation Review→trrev
translation service→trserv, trsee
translation services→trservs, trsees
translation services provider→tspr
translation services providers→tsprs
translation shift→trsht
translation shifts→trshts
translation strategies→trsts
translation strategy→trsta
translation strategy→trstr
translation studies→ts
Translation Studies→ts\
translation teaching→trteg
translation teaching and criticism→ttcm
translation technologies→trtes
translation technology→trte
translation theories→trths
translation theory→trth
Translation Theory→trth\
translation-time→trtie, trntie
translation-time research→ttrh, trreh
translation-time researches→ttrhs, trrehs
translation tools→trto
translation types→trty
translation unit→truni
translation universals→trun
translation with commentary (annotation translation)→trncoy, twcy
Translation with Commentary→trncoy\, twcy\
translations with commentary→trncoys, twcys
translation with reconstructions→trrec, twr
translation work→trwok
translation workshop→trwop, twsp
translational→trannl
Translational→trannl\
translational action→trac
translational actions→tracs
translational behavior→trbe
translational competence→trlcoe
Translational Competence→trlcoe\
translational contextualization→trcont
Translational English Corpus (TEC)→tec
translational English→tren
translational equivalence→treq
translational norms→trnos
translational relationships→trrels
translational tradition→trtra
translationese→trane
translations consultant→trcot
Translations Consultant→trcot\
translations→tns
Translations→tns\
translation-specific→trspc, tnspc
translatology→transl
Translatology→transl\
translator→tr
Translator→tr\
translators’→trs’
Translators’→trs’\
translator’s→tr’s
Translator’s→tr’s\
translators and interpreters→tairs, trirs
Translators and Interpreters→tairs\, trirs\
translator or interpreter→toir, trir
translators or interpreters→toirs, troirs
translator training→trtrg
Translator Training→trtrg\
translator workstation→tws
translator’s Translator’s Charter→trch
Translator’s Handbook→trha
Translator’s Workbench→trwor
translator-client→trcli, tclt
translatorial action→tract
translators and interpreters→tirs
Translators and Interpreters→tirs\
Translators’ Association→tras
translators’ organization→tror
translators’ training→trstr
translators→trs
translatum (translat, translated text)→transla
transliterate→trli, transli
transliterating→trlig, translig
transliterated→trlid, translid
transliteration→trlin, translin
Transliteration→trlin\, translin\
Transmission Control Protocol, Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)→tcp/ip
transmission→trmin, transn
transmit→trmi
transmitted→trmid
transmitter→trmir
transmutation (intersemiotic translation)→trmun
transparency→transpar
transparent word→trwo
transparent→trant
transplant→trpl
transplantation→trpln
transport→trpot
Transport→trpotc
transport facilities→trfays
transport infrastructure→trine
transport network→trnek
transport networks→trneks
transport system→trsym
transport systems→trsyms
transportation→trpotn
transpose→trpo
transposition→trpon
travelling scholarship→trsch
travelling→travg
treatment→treat
tree diagram→trdi
treebank（语法结构树库）→trba
TreeTagger→trtar
triadic→triac
trial aspect→trasp
triangle→tria
trigram（三词词块）→trig
trimodal distribution（三项分布）→trdis
tripartite→trpae, trip
triphthong→triph
Trojan horse→trho
tropological→tropl
Trubetskoy, Nikolai→trub
Trubetzkoy→trub
Trudgill, Peter→trud
true language (pure language, universal language)→trla
true statement→trst
truncation→trunn
truncations→trunns
truth-conditional semantics→tcsem
truth-conditional→trcol, tcol
Tsinghua University Press→tup, qup
Tsinghua University→qiun, tsun
Turgenev, Ivan Sergeyevich→turg
Turkish→turk
Turks and Caicos Islands (Capital: Cockburn Town; 特克斯和凯科斯群岛[英]，首都：科伯恩城)→turks, tekesi
turn-taking (in conversation)（话轮转换）→tuta, ttag
Tuscany→tusc
Tuvalu (Capital: Funafuti; 图瓦卢，首都：富纳富提)→tuva, tuwalu
two tailed-decisions（双测判定）→ttd
twofold duality→twdu
two-tailed hypothesis（双侧假设）→tth
tygrÜbersetzungswissenschaft→ubsw
Tymoczko, Maria→tymo
Tyndale, William→tynd, wity
type-token ratio（类符形符比）→ttr
Type-Token ratio→ttr\
typewriter→tywrr
typical→typil
Typical→typil\
typical example→tyexe
typical meaning（典型意义）→tyme
typicality（典型性）→typicy
typically→typiy
Typically→typiy\
typing speed→tysp
typographic→tygrc, typoc
Typographic→tygrc\, typoc\
typographical→tygrl, typol
Typographical→tygrl\, typol\
typography→tygr
Typography→tygr\
typologies→typos
typology→typo
Tytler, Alexander Fraser→tytl
übersetzen→uber
Uccello, Paolo→ucce
Ukraine (Capital: Kiev; 乌克兰，首都：基辅)→ukra, wukelan
Ukrainian→ukran
ultimate→ultie
ultrasonic→ulsoc
unabridged→unabd
Unabridged→unabd\
unanswerable→unane
unaspirated→unasd
unavoidable→unave
unbounded translation→untransl
uncertainties→unces
uncertainty avoidance→unavo
uncertainty→uncey
unchecked→unchd
unconscious→uncons
unconsciousness→unconss
uncontroversial→uncotvl, unctvl
uncountable→uncoe
undeniable→undee
undergo→ungo
undergraduate→ungre, ug
undergraduates→ungrs, ugs
undergraduate study→ugsy, unsty
Undergraduate study→ugsy\, unsty\
undergraduate studies→ugsys, unstys
Undergraduate studies→ugsys\, unstys\
underlying→unlyg
Underlying→unlyg\
underlying structures→unstes
understand→unde, unst
understands→undes, unsts
understanding→undeg, unstg
understandings→undegs, unstgs
understood→unded, unrstd
understatement→unstt
undertaking→untag
undertext→unte
under-translation (overloaded translation)→untr, utn
undertranslation→untrn, unt
underwent→unwe, ungod
undoubtedly→undoy
uneconomical→unecl
unenlightened→unend
unequivocal→uneql
unequivocally→uneqly
unestablished→unesd
unexpected→unexd
unfaithful→unfal
unforgivable→unfore
unforgettable→unfoe
unfortunate→unfo
unfortunately→unfoy
Unfortunately→unfoy\
ungrammatical→ungrl
Unicode→uncod
unicode→unic
unidiomatic→unidc
unidiomatic phrase→unphe, uniphr
unidirectional→unidl
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)→url
Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)→urls
unilateral communication→uncom
unilateral→unill
uninformed→unind
unintelligibility→uniny
unintelligible→unine
Union Latine→unlat
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics→ussr
unit of analysis→unana
unit of information→uninn
unit of translation→untra
unit shift→unsh
United Bible Societies→ubss
United Kingdom→uk
United Nations Day（联合国日，10月24日）→und
United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)→unes
United Nations→un
United Press International→upi
United States→us
universal affirmative→
universal base hypothesis→ubh
universal category→uncay
universal categories→uncays
universal constraint→uncon
universal feature→unfe
universal features→unfes
Universal Grammar (UG)→ungram\
universal grammar→ungram
Universal Hypothesis→unhy
universal language (pure language, true language)→unla
universal modelling→unmo
universal negative→
universal proposition→
universal quantifier→unqu
universal quantifiers→unqus
universal→univl
universalism→univer
universal of translation→unitra
universals of translation→unitras, untrans
universals→univls
Universals→univls\
universe of discourse→undi
universities→univs
Universities→univs\
universities and colleges→uncoes, uaces
University College→uncoe\
university level→unle
University of Birmingham, the→unbi
University of British Columbia, the→ubc
University of California, Berkeley, the→ucb
University of California, Los Angeles, the→ucla
University of California, the→uncal
University of Cambridge, the→uncae, uoc, uncam
University of Chicago, the→unchi
University of Edinburgh, the→uned
University of Hong Kong→uhk
University of Illinois, the→unilli
University of Lancaster, the→unlan
University of Leeds, the→unlee
University of London, the→unlo
University of Macau→um
University of Manchester, the→unman
University of Michigan, the→unmi
University of Oxford, the→unox, uox
University of Pennsylvania, the→unpe
University of Salford, the→unsa
University of Southern California, the→usc
University of Sydney, the→unsy
University of Utah, the→unut
University Press→unpr
university→uni, univ
University→uni\, univ\
university→univ
University→univ\
unlexicalized→unleed
unmarked→unmad
unmarkedness（非标记性）→unmas
unnatural→unnal
unnaturalness→unnas
unnatural expression→unexn
Unnatural expression→unexn\
unnatural expressions→unexns
Unnatural expressions→unexns\
unnecessary→unney
unrelated→unred
unreliable→unree
unrounded→unrod
unsociable hours→ush
unspecified→unspd
unstressed→unstd
unstructured→unstrd
untranslatability→untry
unusually→unusly
unusual collocations（异常搭配）→uncos
update management→upma
updating→updag
Updike, John→updi
upheaval→uphe
upshift→upsh
upside down→updon
urbanization→urban
urbanize→urba
urgent translation→urtr
urgent translations→urtrs
usage error→user
usage errors→users
Usage Errors→users\
usage norm→usno
usage norms→usnos
user manual→usma
user manuals→usmas
user satisfaction→ussa
user-friendliness→usfrs, ufrs
user-friendly→usfry, ufry
uses of translation→ustrs
usually→usuay, usua
Usually→usuay\, usua\
utilitarian discourse→utdi
utilitarian→utiln
utilities→utilities
utterance imcompletor（话语未结束语）→utimr
utterance→uttee, utt
vacation→vacan
Vacation→vacan\
vague language→vala
valency（配价）→valen
Valentine’s Day（情人节，2月14日）→vady, qrj
Valéri, Paul Ambroise→vale
valid text→vate
valid texts→vates
validity coefficient（效度系数）→vaco
validity of results→vare
validity（效度）→valiy
value judgements→vajus
value orientation→vaor
value orientations→vaors
variability→variay
variable rule analysis（变量规则分析）→vra
variable rules→varus
variable→varie
variables→varies
variance→varia
variation studies→vasts
variation→varin
variations→varins
varieties→variys
variety→variy
vegetable→vege
vegetarian→vegen
vehicle→vehi
velarized→velad
Velazquez, Diego Rodriquez de Silva,→velaz
vendor manager→vemar
Venetian→venen
Venezuela→vene
Venuti, Lawrence→venu, lave
verb phrase→veph, vp
Verb Phrase→veph\, vp\
verb tense→vete
verbal behavior→vebe
verbal communication→velcon
verbal concordance (verbal consistency)→veconc
verbal consistency (verbal concordance)→vecon
verbal context→veco
verbal fallacy→vefa
verbal report procedures→vrps
verbal routines→veros
verbal translation (metaphrase)→vetr
verbalization→verbn
verb-descriptivity→vede, vdey
verdeutschen→vedeu
verifiability→veriy
verifiable→verie
verification→verin
Verification→verin\
Vermeer, Hans→verm, have
vernacular free verse（白话诗）→vfv
vernacular translations→vetras
vernacular→vernr
Vernacular→vernr\
Veronica→vero
verse meter→veme
verse translation→vetran
verse translations→vetrs
version info→vein
version→vers
versions→verss
vertical translation→vetra
vibration→vibr
vibrations→vibrs
victory→vict
Victory→vict\
victories→victs
Victorian→victn
video conference→vico
videoconferencing→vicog
video-recorded→vire, vred
Vietnamese→viete
viewpoint→vipo
Viewpoint→vipo\
viewpoints→vipos
vigorous→vigos
Vinay & Darbelnet→vida
Vincent→vinc
violation→violn
Virginia→verg
virus scanning→visc
visibility→visiy
Visual Basic→viba
Visual C++→vic+
visual signs→visis
visual text→vite
visual texts→vites
Vladimir→vlad
vocabulary→voc, voca
vocal cords→vocos
vocal tract→votr
vocal-auditory channel→vac
vocalic→vocac
vocational qualification→voqu
Vocational Qualification→voqu\
vocative case→vocas
vocative text→vote
vocative texts→votes
vocative→vocae
Vocative→vocae\
voice recognition→vore
voiced consonant→voco
voiced/voiceless contrast→vvc
voiceless consonant→vocon
voice-over→voov, vovr
volatile→volae
Voltaire→volt
Vonnegut, Kurt→vonn
vulgar language→vula
vulgarization→vulgn
vulgarize→vulga
Vulgate→vulg
Waley, Arthur→wale
Wall Street Journal→wsj
Wallis and Futuna (Capital: Mata-Utu; 瓦利斯群岛和富图纳群岛[法]，首都：马塔乌图)→wafu, walisi
warm-up→waup
Warm-up→waup\
warm-up questions→wuqs
Warm-up Questions→wuqs\
warm-up exercises→wues
Warm-up Exercises→wues\
Warwick University→waun
Warwick→warw
Washington→wash
waveform→wafo
weakness→weaks
weaknesses→weakss
weather forecasts→wefo
WebBudget→webu
webpage→wepa, wb
webpages→wepas, wbs
website localization→solo
website→wesi
Website→wesi\
websites→wesis
weekday→weda
weekdays→wedas
weighted score（加权分数）→wesc
weighting（权重）→weigg
《维基百科》→wjbk
well-formed collocation（合乎语法的搭配）→wfc
well-formed collocations→wfcs
well-formed→wefod, wfod
well-known→weknn
well-presented→wepr, wprd
Wesley→wesl
Wesleyan→wesln
West Africa→weaf
West African→weafn
West Asia→weas
West Asian→weasn
West Europe→weeu
West European→weeun
West Indian English→wie
West Virginia→wevi
Western Asia→wenas
western civilization→weci
Western Civilization→weci\
Western culture→wecu
Western Europe→weneu
Western European→weneun
Western Sahara (Capital: La’Youne; 西撒哈拉，首都：阿尤恩)→wesa, xisahala
western→wen
Western→wen\
westerners→wenrs, westrs
Westerners→wenrs\, westrs\
Westminster→wemi
whatever→whev
whatsoever→whso
whenever→wheve
whereby→whby
wherein→whin
whereupon→whup
wherever→whever
whether→whet, wh
whispered→whisd
whispered interpreting→whig
White Day（白色情人节，3月14日）→whda
White House→whho
Whitehead, Alfred→whhe
Whitman, Walt →whit
wholesome→whsom
Whorf, Benjamin→whor
Whorfian hypothesis→whhy
Widdowson, Henry→widd
Wide Area Information Search→wais
widespread→wisp
Wikipedia→wipe
wildcard (wildcard character)→wica
wildcard character→wich
Wilde, Oscar→wild
William→willm
Willams→willms
Williams & Chesterman (2002)→wichn
willingness→wills
with a view to→wavt
won’t→wnn
would not→wdn
wouldn’t→wdnn
Wilss, Wolfram→wils
WinAlign→wial
WinBoot→wibo
Windows software→wiso
Windows softwares→wisos
Windows→wind, win
Windows XP→winxp, wxp
Windows 7→win7, w7
Windows 8→win8, w8
WinHelp→wihe
Wisconsin→wisc
wisdom→wisd
WISE Installer→wiinr
without→wiou
with reference to→wrt
with regard to→wrto
witness→witn
witnessed→witnd
Wittgenstein, Ludwig→witt
women’s movement→womo
Woodsworth, Judith→wood
word class tag（词类码）→wct
word class→wocl
word classes→wocls
word cluster table（词丛表）→
word cluster（词丛）→woclu
word clusters→woclus
word count→woco
word field→wofi
word form→wofo
word formation→wofon
word frequency statistics（词频统计）→wfs
word frequency（词频）→wofr
word group（词群）→wogro
word groups→wogros
word length（词长）→wole
word meaning→womea
word or phrase→woph
word order→woor
word-and-paradigm→wopa
Word-building→wobu\, wbug\
word-building→wobug, wbug
wordface→wofa
word-for-word translation→wwtn
word-for-word→wowo
wordlist→woli
Wordlist→woli\
wordlists→wolis
WordNet→wone
word-play→wopla, wply
words and phrases→wophs
Word’s default global template→wdgt
word-sense→wose, wsee
WordSmith Tools→wosm, wsts, ws
Wordsworth, William→word
Wordsworth, William→wowor
work experience placement→wep
work experience placements→weps
work place→wopl
workflow management→wfm
workflow→wofl
working group→wogr
working memory→wome
working posture→wopo
work in progress→wipr
workload→wolo
workshop→wosh
workstation→wost
workstation→wost
workstations→wosts
World AIDS Day（世界爱滋病日，12月1日）→wadayy
World Animal Day（世界动物日，10月4日）→waday
World Asthma Day（世界哮喘日，5月3日）→wada
World Cease-fire Day（世界停火日，9月21日）→wcfd
World Congress→wocon
World Consumer Right Day（世界消费者权益日，3月15日）→wcd
World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought（世界防治荒漠化和干旱日，6月17日）→wdcd
World Development Information Day（世界发展新闻日，10月24日）→wdid
World Diabetes Day（世界糖尿病日，11月14日）→wdd
World Disabled Day（世界残疾人日，12月3日）→wda
World Earth Day（世界地球日，4月22日）→wed
World Food Day（世界粮食日，10月16日）→wfda
World Football Day（世界足球日，12月9日）→wfday
World Forest Day（世界森林日，3月21日）→wfd
World Habitat Day（世界住房日，10月的第一个星期一）→ihd
World Health Day（世界卫生日，4月7日）→whd
World Heritage Site→whs
World Heritage Sites→whss
World Intellectual Property Day（世界知识产权日，4月26日）→wipd
World Mental Health Day（世界精神卫生日，10月10日）→wmhd
World Meteorological Day（世界气象日，3月23日）→wmd
World No-Smoking Day（世界无烟日，5月31日）→wnsd
World Population Day（世界人口日，7月11日）→wpd
World Post Day（世界邮政日，10月9日）→wpda
World Red-Cross Day（世界红十字日，5月8日）→wrcd
World Rural Women’s Day（世界农村妇女日，10月15日）→wrwd
World Sight Day（世界爱眼日，10月第二个星期四）→wsday
World Sleep Day（世界睡眠日，3月21日）→wsd
World Standards Day（世界标准日，10月14日）→wsda
World Teachers’ Day（世界教师日，联合国教科文组织确立，10月5日）→wtdayy
World Telecommunications Day（世界电信日，5月17日）→wtda
World Tourism Day（世界旅游日，9月27日）→wtday
World Tuberculosis Day（世界防治结核病日，3月24日）→wtd
World Water Day（世界水日，3月22日）→wad
World Wetlands Day（世界湿地日，2月2日）wwd
World Wide Web Consortium→wwwc
WorldServer→woser
world-view→wovi
wreathe→wrea
Wright, Frank Lloyd→wrig
writer→wr
writer-oriented machine translation→womt
writers/translator→wrtr
writers/translators→wrtrs
writer-specific forms→wsfs
write-up→wrup
Write-up→wrup\
writing-up→wrupg
Writing-up→wrupg\
writing→wg, w
Writing→wg\, w\
writing style→wrst
writing styles→wrsts
writing system→wrsy
writing systems→wrsys
written language→wrla
written→writn
Wuhan University→wuun
Wycliffe, John→wycl
Wycliffite→wycle
Xenophon→xeno
Xi’an Jiaotong University→xju
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the→xuar
Xinjiang→xinj
Yahoo! Messenger→yame
Yale University→yaun
Yang, Gladys→yangg
Yang, Xianyi→yangx
Yangtze River→yari
Yangtze→yang
yardstick→yast
Yeats, William Butler→yeat
Yellow Pages→yepa
Yenisey→yeni
yesterday→yeda, yes
Yiddish→yidd
Yunnan Province→yupr
Yunnan→yunn
Z score（Z分值）→zsco
zealous→zeals
zero meaning→zeme
Zhejiang Province→zhpr
Zhejiang University→zhuni
Zhejiang→zhej
Zhongshan University→zhun
Zhu, Shenghao→zhus
Zhukovsky, Vasily Andreevich→zhuk
Zipfian distribution（根据Zip规则描述的概率分布）→zidi
Zipfian→zipfn
zippg
zipping→zippg
Zoroastrianism→zoro
全国翻译资格证书考试→全国翻译
英国曼彻斯特大学翻译与跨文化研究中心（Centre for Translation and Intercultural Studies）→ctis, 曼彻斯特
语料库语言学→语料
[译文] →ywe
[研究] →yj
[原文] [译文] [研究] →yyy
详见注 []。→xjzx, xjz[, xjz
参考工具查考结论：→ckgl, cj
指称意义→zcyy
语用意义→yyyy
言内意义→ynyy
详见 [Ta-]。→xija, xjn
主题背景→ztbj
主题知识 (subject–matter knowledge)：→ztzs
作者背景→zzbj
作品背景→zpbj
关于作者和本文所源自的作品→zzzp, bwyz
合同文本的语体特征→htwb, yttz
可比文本 (comparable texts)→kbwb
{分析：。}→fx]
{词法：。}→cf]
{句法：。}→jf]
{原句结构分析：。}→yj], jg]
{底层结构分析：。}→dc]
{语篇接应：。}→yp]
{指代：。}→zd]
{语义：。}→yyi]
{辨义：。}→by]
{褒贬：。}→bb]
{轻重：。}→qz]
{指称意义：。}→zc]
{语用意义：。}→yyy]
{言内意义：。}→yn]
{或：“”}→ho]
{Or: }→or]
{亦可译成：。}→ky], ykyc]
{语序：。}→yx]
{主语选择：。}→zyxz], xzy]
{拆句。}→cj]
{并句}→bj]
{语用：。}→yyg]
{惯用法：。}→gy]
{搭配须合法：。}→dp]
{主谓搭配须合法：。}→zw]
{动宾搭配须合法：。}→db]
{介词：。}→jc]
{冠词：。}→gc]
{连接词语用错或缺连接词语。}→ljcy]
{得体：。}→dt]
{术语：。}→sy]
{专名：。}→zm]
{修辞：。}→xc]
{隐喻：。}→yu]
{典故：。}→dg]
{戏仿：。}→xf]
{比较：“”}→bji]
{Cf. }→cf.]
{知识 | 常识：。}→zs], cs]
{主题知识：。}→zt]
{逻辑：。}→lj]
{思考：。}→sk]
{标点：。}→bd]
{拼写：。}→px]
{详见 [Ta-]。}→xj]
{参考工具查考：。}→ck], gj]
(Retrieved from )→r[
(Based on . [n.d.]. In . Retrieved from )→b[
(. [Version ] [Computer software]. Available from )→d[, a[
Retrieved from website: →r
Based on . (n.d.). In .→b
Available from →d
(n.d.). In .→n
(20年月日检索自 )→j[
(综合自：. [无出版日期]. 载《》. 20年月日检索自 )→z[
(. [版] [计算机软件]. 20年月日下载自 )→x[
20年月日检索自 →j
综合自：. (无出版日期). 载《》.→z
下载自：→x
(无出版日期). 载《》.→w
{扩附原文}→kfyw]
{Parenthesizing the original (扩附原文)}→paor], paorl]
扩附原文 (parenthesizing the original)→kfyw
parenthesizing the original→paor, paorg, pagorl
Parenthesizing the original→paor\, paorg\, pagorl\
{加注：译者须综合运用各种参考工具，概括提炼出与所译对象最相关的信息（而非照译照搬参考工具中的全部信息），并在“译注”标记后面以简洁明了的语言给出这些信息。}→jizh]
{Annotation (加注)}→annon]
加注 (annotation)→jizh
annotation→annon
Annotation→annon\
{上下文增益}→sxwy]
{Contextual amplification (上下文增益)}→coam], coamn]
上下文增益 (contextual amplification)→sxwz, sxwy
contextual amplification→coam, coamn, colamn
Contextual amplification→coam\, coamn\, colamn\
{视点转换}→sdzh]
{Shift of perspective (视点转换)}→shpe], shpee]
视点转换 (shift of perspective)→sdzh
shift of perspective→shpe, shpee, shtpee
Shift of perspective→shpe\, shpee\, shtpee\
{具体化处理}→jthl]
{Specification (具体化处理)}→spec], specn]
具体化处理 (specification)→jthl
specification→specn
Specification→specn\
{概略化处理}→glhl]
{Generalization (概略化处理)}→gene], genen]
概略化处理 (generalization)→glhl
generalization→geneen
Generalization→geneen\
{释义}→shyi]
{Paraphrase (释义)}→parae]
释义 (paraphrase)→shyi
paraphrase→paph, parae, paphe
Paraphrase→paph\, parae\, paphe\
{文化归化}→whgh]
{Cultural adaptation (文化归化)}→cuad], cuadn]
文化归化 (cultural adaptation)→whgh
cultural adaptation→cuad, cuadn, ciladn
Cultural adaptation→cuad\, cuadn\, ciladn\
{回译}→huyi]
{Back-translation (回译)}→batr], batn]
回译 (back-translation)→huyi
back-translation→batr, batn, baktrn
Back-translation→batr\, batn\, baktrn\
全文同。→qwt]
{自行检查并改正全文中所有类似错误。} →zxjw], zxjc], zxgz], qwgz], lscw]
{全文类似处自行修改，以下不再标注。} →qwtc], lscg], lsc], zxxg], yibz], bzbz]
{以下部分请参照前面我批注或修改的内容自己进行全局修改。修改务必认真彻底，不然将需反复返工，浪费你本人（及我等人）的时间。} →yxbj], yxzg], zjxg], qmxg], bmfg]
{参照前面对应处或相似处的批注自行修改；全文同。} →czqg[, czqm[, dyc[, xsc[, zxxg[ qwt[
{问题同前。/ 未改：} →wttq], wega]
{问题同上。} →wtts], tosh]
{为方便读者追踪文稿变动情况，在此稿之后提交的各新稿中，修改、删除与新增部分应用醒目字体或符号标出。} →fbdz], wgbd], bcbd], bcxg], bcsc], bcxz]
{陈述总体缺乏真实性。} →csqx], csss], csbs], qfzx], ztzx], zsx]
{不查参考工具，凭空想象，胡猜乱译。} →bckc], bcck], pkxx], hcly]
{脱离原文上下文和真实世界参照乱译。} →tlyw], tlsx], tlzs], ly]
{意思不清楚。} →ysbq], ysbc], yybq]
{意思含混不清 / 表述无意义。} →yshh], yyhh], bswy], wyy]
{曲解原意。} →qjyy]
{就何而言？/ 根据何在？} →jhey], gjhz]
{声称任意，前后文中均未给出根据。} →scry], qhwj], wgcj], wggj]
{不知所云。} →bzsy]
{语焉不详，意思不清。} →yybx]
{什么？} →shme]
{臆想乱言，不知所云。} →yxly], ddly]
{所述近于梦呓，前言不搭后语，完全不知所云。} →jymy], qyby], wqby]
{原文未认真研读，主旨理解错。} →ywwr], wrzy], rzyd], zzlj], ljc]
{凭空杜撰、胡乱发挥或妄加意思。} →pkdz], hlfh], wjys]
{原文句子或短语结构分析错。} →ywjz], ywdy], jzfx], dyfx], jgfx], jgfc]
{时态用错。} →styc], stc]
{虚拟语气形态错。} →xnyq], xnyc]
{句子或短语结构错。} →jzjg], dyjg], jzjc], dyjc], jgc]
{语病 / 句子不通 / 句子不完整 / 病句。} →hyyb], yybt], jzbt], buto], jzbz], jzww], yubi], yb], bt], biju]
{违反目标语语篇规范。} →wfmdy], wfyp], mdyy], ypgf], mdyf]
{语篇接应 (cohesion) 错误或失当：。} →ypjy], ypjyc], jycw], jysd], bjy]
{语篇连贯 (coherence) 错误或失当：。} →yplg], yplgc], lgcw], lgsd], blg]
{原文信息重点被错误改变。} →ywxx], xxzd], zdgb]
{主语/施事非法转换 / 偷换主语/施事。} →zyth], thzy], ssth], thss], ffzh]
{机械重复上文。} →jxcw], jxcf]
{指什么？/ 指称不清 / 指代不明。} →zsm], zcbq], zcbm], zdbm]
{言之不详，须解释或具体说明。} →yzbx], xjs], xjtm], jtsm]
{指称意义译错或翻译不准确。} →zcyy], zcycc], fybz], fybq], zcbz]
{译文无真实指称对象 (无意义) 。} →ywwz], wzsz], wzsx], wzcd], wzcx], ywwy]
{语用意义译错或翻译不当。} →yyyy], yyyc], fybd], yybd]
{言内意义译错或处理不当。} →ynyy], ynyc], clbd], ynyb], ynbd]
{原文重要信息丢失。} →ywzs], zyxx], xxds], zyxs]
{搭配错误或不当。} →dpcw], dpc], dpbd]
{主谓搭配错误或不当。} →zwdp], zwdc], zwdc], zwbd]
{动宾搭配错误或不当。} →dbdp], dbdc], dbdc], dbbd]
{介词用错或使用不当。} →jcyc], jcc], jcbd]
{冠词用错或缺冠词。} →gcyc], gcc], qgc]
{连接词语用错或缺连接词语。} →ljcy], ljcc], ljcc], qljc]
{助词用错或缺助词。} →zcyc], zcc], qzc]
{表述空洞、生硬拗口或啰嗦。} →bskd], bdsy], syak], luso], kodo], syg], ak], ls]
{表述欠准确 / 表述不清晰。} →bsqq], bsbq], bszq], bsbx], bsbq], bsqc]
{用词不确切 / 表述不恰当或不完整。} →ycbq], bsbd], bsbz], bqq], bqd], bwz]
{语体不当（过于不正式或过于正式）。} →ytbd], gybs], bzs], gyzs], zscd]
{人名或地名的译名须查人名或地名译名手册。} →zmym], zmgf], rmym], dmym], crms], crmc], cdms], cdmc], ymsc], rmcd], dmcd]
{术语或专名译错。} →syyc], syc], zmyc], zmc]
{关键术语与专名首次出现时括附上原文。} →gjsw], gjsy], gjzw], gjzm], sccx], fsyw]
{术语或专名前后译法不一致。} →syqh], syqz], syby], sybz], zmqh], zmqz], zmby], zmbz], qhby], qhbz]
{生造词语。} →szcy]
{用词错误或不当：。} →yccw], ycbd], ycc]
{比喻牵强 | 似是而非的比喻 (Catachresis [the use of a forced figure of speech, especially one that involves or seems to involve strong paradox, as, “blind mouths,” “Her voice was but the shadow of a sound.” (Young), and “To take arms against a sea of troubles”. (Shak.) (Based on W3 and W1913)])。} →byqq], qqfh], qq], ssey], ssef]
{违反目标语惯用法。} →wfmd], wfmf], wfgy], wfgf], mdyg]
{缺少常识。} →qscs], qfcs]
{未查考相关主题知识。} →wckx], wckz], wcks]
{原文关键概念理解错。} →ywgj], ywgc], gjgn], gnlj], gnljc], gnlc]
{原文概念外延不当缩小或扩大。} →ywgn], gnwy], wysx], wjkd], bdsx], bdkd]
{逻辑: 。} →loji]
{思维混乱。} →swhl]
{思维混乱：将不同层面的事物混为一谈。} →hxcm], cmhx]
{叙事顺序前后颠倒 / 不合逻辑或常理。} →xssx], sxdd], qhdd], bhlj], bhcl]
{无根据或根据不足，推论无效。} →wgj], gjbz], tlwx]
{逻辑: 这几句话内容间的逻辑关联是什么？} →ljlx], ljgl]
{逻辑混乱：？} →ljhl]
{逻辑混乱：循环论证。} →xhlz]
{逻辑错误。} →ljcw]
{逻辑错误：前后说法自相矛盾。} →qhsd], qhmd], qhsd], zxmd]
{逻辑错误：前后相关成分失照应。} →qhxy], qhxg], qhzy], szy]
{逻辑错误：前后命题间逻辑连接错误 | 前后句逻辑连接词用错。} →qhmw], qhjc], ljlj], ljlc]
{逻辑错误：上下位概念混淆。} →sxwg], gnhx], sxwh], sxwx]
{逻辑错误：二者间逻辑语义关系译错或未译出。} →ezjl], ljyy], ljyc], yygx], yygc], gxwy], ljyc]
{逻辑谬误：。} →ljmw]
{逻辑谬误：推不出 (non sequitur) / 二者间无必然因果关联 / 依据与结论间不存在因果关系。} →tbc], ezjw], bryg], yjjl], yggx], yggl], ezjl], wygg], wygl]
{逻辑谬误：以偏概全。} →ypgq]
{逻辑谬误：错误类比，论证无效。} →cwlb], lzwx]
{逻辑谬误：歧义结构 | 有歧义。} →qyjg], yqi], qiyi]
{事实错误。} →sscw], shsh]
{事实性/知识性错误。} →ssxc], zsxc], zscw]
{常识错误/有悖常识或常理。} →cscw], chsh], ybcs], ybcl]
{汉语思维，中式英语。} →hysw], zsyy]
{中英文摘要：摘要是论文中首先被各类读者（包括评阅和评审你论文的人）读到的实质性部分，也是各类一次文献和二次文献中被阅读最多的文字，请务必认真对待，用心撰写。摘要为一篇概括全文内容的完整短文，具有自含性，能够独立于正文使用和被引。| 摘要结构：摘要应包括论文正文的主要信息，其组成部分及顺序本质上与正文相同，须包括研究背景与目的（说明课题由来，综述文献，明确提出本课题的研究问题）、研究材料（对象）与方法（交代本课题中数据采集与分析的方法与过程）、研究结果与讨论（归纳数据分析结果，讨论研究发现，直接回答研究背景与目的部分提出的研究问题）、最终结论（从宏观角度反思数据分析结果，解释本课题研究结果的专业/学术意义及实践价值，说明本次研究的局限性并提出后续研究建议）这四个部分。请参照以上提示及以下链接所指向的规范性/示范性文件“Typical Thesis Structure”（论文典型结构: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Th__TypicalThesisStructure.htm）、学士论文结构样本（http://keping.sprinterweb.net/ThB_Model-ZhangYanping2002-ACriticalAnalysisOfTheTsOfPublicSignsInNanjing.htm）、翻硕论文样本（http://keping.sprinterweb.net/ThMti2013c_Pei, Saiwei. 2016TFinal. Hexinju Fengxifa zai Yingyu Changju Hanyi zhong de Yingyong. Yi Bopuer de Zhengwei Qifafa Shifou Liyu Fazhan Pipanxing Siwei de Zhongyi Weili.htm）与学硕论文样本（http://keping.sprinterweb.net/ThM_Model-YWw2004-EvOfTheOutputQualityOfSomePrevalentECMTProgs.htm），对你论文的摘要及正文进行全局联动修改。} →zywy], zyzy], zwzy], zyjg], zhya], qwsy], dlxx], czgf], ttse], czsf], lwyb], sflw], ldxg]
{中英文摘要：中英文摘要中的实质性内容须保持一致。} →zyyz], zyzy], sznr]
{英文摘要：参照我对中文摘要的批改，对英文摘要的结构与内容进行完整、对应的修改，补齐阙如部分。以下我标出或修改的病句、错误结构、不自然的表述、错误用词与拼写等为英文语言批改示范。请务必参照此示范及我对Acknowledgement部分的批改，仔细查考工具书（包括词典、语法手册、目标语语料库等），自行逐句、逐段地认真修改英文摘要全文与正文全文，直至确认内容与语言表述均无讹误与不通之处为止。} →czzw], czzy], ywzy], xgyw], xgyy], wzzx], yxbc], zydz], yydz]
{正文修改：摘要是整篇论文的缩影。请参照我对中（英）文摘要的批改，完整、仔细地修改正文的结构、内容与语言。正文（包括项目说明、源语/译语对照语篇）及论文后置部分（参考文献、附录等）的修改务必认真彻底，否则将多次返工，甚至无法通过。} →zwxg], qwxg], hzxq], dzzy]
{在所有首行应缩进的段落开始处插入制表符以缩进首行。} →dlsj], shsj], sjsh], zbf]
{另起一段。} →lqyd], xqyd], xdl] head]
{新起一页。} →lqyy], xqyy], fy], xym]
{上空一行；全文同。} →skyh], cckh], kyh], koha]
{标题段落级别/格式错：标题应按其所领属内容（章、节、小节等）在正文中的逻辑归属关系正确分级并采用相应级别的标题段落格式（标题 1、标题 2NJU、标题 3NJU、标题 4、标题 5等）。标题段落须用大于正文并加粗的Arial/黑体字体；每个标题段落上方均应空一行（空行段落应与标题段落级别相同或低一级）。一级标题段落应居中，二级及以下标题段落一般居左。标题 1、标题 2NJU、标题 3NJU、标题 4、标题 5等段落的格式已预制于柯平研制的 Word 默认全局模板 Normal.dot (How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm)；下载安装此模板后可按快捷键自动设置各标题段落的正确格式（设置标题 1、标题 2NJU、标题 3NJU、标题 4 和标题 5 的快捷键分别为：Ctrl + Shift + 1、Ctrl + Alt + Shift + 2、Ctrl + Alt + Shift + 3、Ctrl + Shift + 4 和 Ctrl + Shift + 5）。} →btsc], btsk], btsl], koba], jdkb], dljb], xtjb], dyj], btdl], btjb], btgs]
{标题上空白量错：为使标题上方有较多的空白，标题上方的空行段落应与标题段落级别相同或低一级；全文同。} →btsc], btsk], btsl], koba], jdkb], dljb], xtjb], dyj]
{标题未（正确）居中。} →btwz], btjz], zqjz], juzh]
{检查修正正文中各级标题的段落格式（标题应按其所领属内容 [章、节、小节等] 在正文中的逻辑归属关系正确分级并采用相应级别的标题段落格式 [标题 1、标题 2NJU、标题 3NJU、标题 4、标题 5等]），再用Word 的“插入”功能插入真实目录（目录级别一般应不少于三级）。} →jcbt], jcjb], mulu], zsml], crml], sjml]
{非标题段落级别/格式错误：正文段落须用 Times New Roman/宋体、12 点/小四号字体，1.2-1.5 倍行距。 整段引文段落和带数字编号或项目符号的例举项段落均须两端缩进 0.74 厘米，字体和行距均应略小于正文段落，并上下各空一行；带数字编号或项目符号的例举项段落另外尚须悬挂缩进 1.48 厘米。 参考文献条目段落须悬挂缩进 0.74 厘米，行距应比正文段落略小。正文（Thesis/Letter）、整段引文（ThesisIndent）、带数字编号或项目符号的例举项段落（ThesisHangingIndent）、参考文献条目（ThesisBibIndent）等段落的正确格式已预制于柯平研制的 Word 默认全局模板 Normal.dot (How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm)；下载安装此模板后可按快捷键自动设置相应段落的正确格式（设置正文、整段引文、带数字编号或项目符号的例举项段落及参考文献条目段落的快捷键分别为： Ctrl + Shift + L、Ctrl + Alt + Shift + I、Ctrl + Alt + Shift + H 和 Ctrl + Alt + Shift + B）。} →fbtd], fbtj], fbtg], zwdl], zdyw], ywdl], ljxd], ljdl], szbh], xmfh], ckwx], wxdl]. gscw]
{全角与半角字符用法混淆。} →qjzf], bjzf], qjbj], qjbx], zfhx]
{页面整洁：所有多余空行与空格均应删除。用调整段前间距、而非随机插入空行的方式让原文与译文相应段落基本对齐。用插入分节符或分页符，而不是空行的方式让新一（小）节或新一章打印时出现在新的一页上。用插入制表符，而不是空格的方式让一段或一行文字缩进。} →sydy], sydc], dykg], dykh], scdy], fjf], fyf], zbfu], ymzj]
{未使用或仔细使用参考工具。} →wsyc], wsyj], wzxs], wzxj], syck], ckgj]
{译文未与原文对齐。} →ywwd], ywdq], duqi]
{拼写错。} →pxc], pixi]
{错别字。} →cbz], cozi]
{英美语用法或拼法混淆。} →ymyy], ymyp], ymyf], ymyx], ympf], yfhx], pfhx]
{大小写错。} →dxxc], dxx]
{标点符号用错。} →bdyc], bdfh], bdc], bdfc], bdcw]
{缺标点符号。} →qbd], qbdf]
{缺标点符号：标示文中直接引用他人的话、首次引用或提到的术语或专名以及含特别用意（如反话）的词句时该用什么标点符号？自行检查并改正全文中所有类似错误。} →qbdy], qyh], yhq], yiha], yish]
{中英文标点混淆。} →zywb], zybd], zybx], bdhx]
{空格丢失 / 缺少空格。} →kgds], qskg], koge]
{字体或字号错 / 字体与字号均错。} →ztzh], ztzc], ztzc], ztc], zhc]
{行距错。} →hjc], hajv]
{正文中所有引用内容均应用 APA 格式注明出处。|“参考文献”部分的所有文献均应用APA格式著录。[可参考APA资源：http://www.apa.org/books/。]} →syyy], yynr], zmcc], wxzl], apal], apa]
[Remarks: Based on our experience of marking student’s work, advising on theses, and proofreading copy manuscripts submitted for review and publication in the fields of translation studies and linguistics, we group the most frequently encountered slips, mistakes, and errors in language learning and use into four broadest categories: (1) General Problems; (2) Linguistic Problems, including two structure-related problems: (2.1) Grammatical Problems, (2.2) Textual Problems, and two meaning-related problems: (2.3) Semantic Problems, (2.4) Usgae Problems; (3) Extralinguistic Problems, including (3.1) Logical/Methodological Problems and (3.2) Knowledge Problems; and (4) Technical Problems. See the “2. Classified” section below.]
General Problems (gp)
Attitude/approach: →aah]
Loose or misrepresented structure(s): →lms]
Same problem: →sp]
Sense of responsibility: →sr]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: →srcw]
Grammatical Problems (grp)
Grammar: →gr]
Morphology: →mo]
Syntax: →syn]
Textual Problems (tp)
Missing part: →mp]
Target text generating: →ttg]
Textual structure: →tt]
Semantic Problems (sp)
Semantics: →se]
Source text analysis: →sta]
Target text generating: →ttg]
Usage Problems (up)
Collocation: →co]
Diction: →di]
Expression/statement: →es]
Inappropriate: →ia]
Terminology: →te]
Usage: →us]
Logical/Methodological Problems (lmp)
Categorization: →ca]
Logic: →lo]
Logical/Methodological: →lm]
Methodology: →me]
Reasoning: →re]
Way of thinking: →wt]
Factual/Knowledge Problems (fkp)
Factual/Knowledge: →fk]
Technical Problems (tep)
Technics/mechanics: →tm]
Abbreviation/Acronym: →aa]
Abstracts: →ab]
Character set: →cs]
Documentation: →do]
Numbers: →nu]
Punctuation: →pu]
Spelling: →spg]
Typography: →ty], typ], typo]
Use of reference tools: →urt]
Viewing modes: →vm]
(1) General Problems (gep)
(2.1) Linguistic Problems: Grammatical (gp)
(2.2) Linguistic Problems: Textual (tp)
(2.3) Linguistic Problems: Semantic (sp)
(2.4) Linguistic Problems: Usage (up)
(3.1) Extralinguistic Problems: Logical/Methodological (lmp)
(3.2) Extralinguistic Problems: Factual/Knowledge (fkp)
(4) Technical Problems (tep)
Attitude/approach: →aph]
Attitude/approach: Empty, vague, or senseless expression/statement, which should never appear in a piece of serious writing.→emex], emst], vaex], vast], vagu], seex], empt], sele]
Attitude/approach: Read the original again carefully.→roac], reag], reca], roa], roc]
Attitude/approach: The texts you write and your translations tell MANY, MANY things about you―not just your language proficiency and professional expertise, but also the general quality of the education/training you received, your sense of structure and direction, your ability to apply common sense and make rational judgments/conclusions on the basis of facts and their interrelationships, your personal habits and specific (for good or bad) ways of doing things, your moral and aesthetic values, your commitment to work and your sense of responsibility for people you are related to in one way or another (including those whom you submit this text to for reading), ... Your texts tell what kind of person you really are in a manner more subtle and forceful than you can imagine. So do be VERY SERIOUS AND CONSCIENTIOUS about the quality of your work and go to any lengths to ensure that your writings or translations are right and good in BOTH CONTENT AND FORM.→ttmy], wrtr], lppe], qued], qutr], sest], aacs], amri], raju], raco], peha], wdt], mova], aeva], ctyw], kipe], seri], quwo], qual], rigo], atapg], adwg]
Attitude/approach: The texts you write and your general attitude towards writing (in your case, translation as well) tell MANY, MANY things about you―not just your language proficiency and academic or professional expertise, but also the general quality of the education/training you received, your sense of structure and direction, your ability to apply common sense and make rational judgments/conclusions on the basis of facts and their interrelationships, your personal habits and specific (for good or bad) ways of doing things, your moral and aesthetic values, your commitment to work and your sense of responsibility for people you are related to in one way or another, including, of course, those whom you submit this text and all its follow-ups (detailed outline, 1st draft, 2nd draft … final version, etc.) to for reading, reviewing, or other forms of quality control of your thesis work (including, but not limited to, your advisor, me, the internal or external “blind” reviewers, experts commissioned by the central or provincial governments to spot-check your completed thesis, etc.). Your texts tell what kind of person you really are in a manner more subtle and forceful than you can claim or imagine. So do be VERY SERIOUS AND CONSCIENTIOUS about the quality of your work and go to any lengths to ensure that your writings or, where applicable, translations, are right and good in BOTH CONTENT AND FORM.→wrth], thwr], atapt], adwt]
Attitude/approach: Try to be objective and neutral in the attitude/approach you adopt toward your object of study.→tons], obat], obap], neat], neap], obje], neut], obne], atti], appr], atap]
Attitude/approach: What this paragraph/sentence means is not at all clear. Is it a machine translation or your own literal translation of some Chinese text? Please write, don’t translate and/or plagiarize.→mnac], ltct], mtct], plwr], dotr], dtp]
Loose or misrepresented structure(s): →lms]
Loose or misrepresented structure(s): Totally unacceptable loose syntactic, textual and/or semantic structure(s) / Gross misrepresentation of the syntactic, textual and/or semantic structure(s) of the original→lms], tuls], unlo], gmso], gms], grmi]
Same problem: →sp]
Same problem: Global correction is needed for this error/mistake. / Please correct this error of fact / untrue statement / wrong or inappropriate expression, usage, or format in the entire text.→gcne], gcnm], ceet], cmet], ente], glco], glre]
Same problem: Refer to my comments above and revise. / Revise according to the comments/revisions I made in the corresponding paragraph(s) in the Chinese/English abstract.→sapr], rccp], copa], rca], reab]
Same problem: You failed to correct the mistake / address the problem which I pointed out to you earlier. Please refer back to previous draft(s) / recall what I said in my talk with you and correct this and all similar mistakes / address this and all similar problems in this text.→fcmd], fapd], fcm], fap], smpd], sppd], rpd], reba], casm], aasp], simi], sipr]
Sense of responsibility: →sr]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: →srcw]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: Did not make due efforts to analyze the original systematically and comprehend it thoroughly→dnmt], aos], cot], asct], syan], thco]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: Loose Chinese way of thinking and irresponsible, “literal” translation of what you thought in Chinese into incorrect English (Chinglish) / Blatant disregard of the basic rules of the English/Chinese language and/or English/Chinese writing, which is totally unacceptable→ctw], comm], lcwt], ltte], chth], ubdr], bdbr], drlw], bldi], dlr], dwr]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: Perfunctory, careless, or shoddy work / Irresponsible, “literal” translation of the original→pewo], cawo], shwo], irtr], litr]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: Unforgivable carelessness/inaccuracy→unca], unin], unfo]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: Failed to sign the work/assignment→fsw], fsa], wns], ans], nona]
Grammar: →gr]
Morphology: Does the original express a higher or the highest degree of comparison? / Should the comparative or superlative form of the adjective/adverb be used?→hhdc], cofo], coad], sufo], suad]
Morphology: Noun countable or uncountable?→ncu], coun], numb]
Morphology: Noun singular or plural in number? / Should a singular or plural noun be used here?→nspn], sipl], spn], spnh]
Morphology: Reference of the noun phrase definite or indefinite? / Should a definite or indefinite article be used here?→rndi], rdi], dein], dear], inar], arti]
Morphology: Verb transitive or intransitive?→vti], tran]
Morphology: Wrong article use. Please consult your English grammar books for correct ways to use the definite article.→wau], awu], cwua]
Morphology: Wrong part of speech→wpsp], pos]
Morphology: Wrong mood or modal auxiliary verb→mood], wrmo]
Morphology: Wrong subjunctive form or construction. Consult your English grammar books for correct ways to put a clause in the subjunctive (mood).→wsf], wsc], wsm], sumo]
Morphology: Wrong tense→wrten], tens]
Morphology: Inconsistent use of tense→iut], intee]
Morphology: Please correct this and all similar wrong tense forms throughout the text.→cote], wtf], wtft]
Morphology: Wrong basic tense for this paragraph/section―Use the past tense for past events.→pate], past], wbt]
Morphology: Wrong use of participles / Should a present participle or past participle be used here?→part], wup], ppp], prpa], papa], wrpa]
Morphology: Wrong voice→voic], wrvo]
Morphology: Wrong verb form→vefo], wvf]
^… Syntax: An article is missing here.→armi], miar]
^… Syntax: A preposition is missing here.→prmi], mipr]
^… Syntax: A reflexive pronoun is missing here.→rpm]
^… Syntax: Incomplete sentence / Please use complete, explicit expressions.→inse], ufs], uce], uex], exex]
^… Syntax: The subject of the sentence is missing.→sumi], ssm]
Syntax: →sy]
Syntax: Dangling modifier(s)→damo], dang]
Syntax: English is predominantly a centrifugal or right-branching language, so do avoid using premodification by adjectives, nouns, etc, where postmodification by prepositional phrases, participial constructions, relative clauses, etc, should be used or is preferred. {A centrifugal language is one in which heads [名词短语的中心词] come before their dependents, i.e. the movement in the phrase is “away from” its syntactic center. It is different from a centripetal language, in which heads come after their dependents, i.e. the movement in the phrase is “towards” its syntactic center. A right-branching language is one in which right-branching structures dominate. It is different from a left-branching language, in which left-branching structures dominate. Right-branching structures are those in which heads successfully precede their dependents. E.g. in people living in London, the last element London is the dependent of in, these in turn depend on living, that in turn depends on people. They are so called from the configuration of branches in a phrase structure tree, e.g. that represented by the bracketing [people [living [in London]]]. Left-branching structures are those in which dependents successfully precede their heads. E.g. in very tightly controlled policy, controlled depends on and precedes the head noun policy, tightly in turn depends on and precedes controlled, and very depends on and precedes tightly. They are so called from the configuration of branches in a phrase structure tree, e.g. that represented by the bracketing [[[very tightly] controlled] policy]. (Based on centrifugal vs centripetal, left-branching, and right-branching. In Matthews, P.H. [2000]. Oxford Concise Dictionary of Linguistics. 上海：上海外语教育. xii+410 pp.}→aupp], pomo], prmo], popr], prpo], cela], cefu], cepe], rbl], lbl], rbs], lbs], ribr], lebr]
Syntax: Misplaced modifier(s)→mimo], mipl], mpm]
Syntax: Please avoid using too many passive constructions.→autc], paco]
Syntax: Please choose a proper subject for this sentence.→cpss], suse], subj]
Syntax: Run-on sentence (串句)→ros], ruon], chju]
Syntax: Source phrase/sentence’s structure wrongly analyzed, resulting in a misinterpretation of the meaning of the phrase/sentence→spsa], sssa], sswa], swa], miin]
Syntax: Wrong Chinese construction/syntax→cosyc], wcc], wcs]
Syntax: Wrong Chinese construction/syntax – The object of a transitive verb is missing / the attributive of an object is mistaken for the object itself.→otvm], obmi], miob], aomi], atob]
Syntax: Wrong Chinese sentence structure→css], wcss]
Syntax: Wrong construction/syntax→cosy], wrcon], wrsy]
Syntax: Wrong construction/syntax―Reconstruct the sentence, using as the object of the predicator (谓语动词) either a non-finite clause (e.g. “By equivalence is meant a target text fulfilling the same communicative function or effect as the source text, or a target language item fulfilling the same communicative function or effect as its counterpart in the source text.”) or a relative clause (e.g. “Equivalence refers to the condition or instances in which a target text fulfills the same communicative function or effect as the source text, or a target language item fulfills the same communicative function or effect as its counterpart in the source text.”) If you opt for a relative clause, you need to grope for (through abstract thinking) and use a correct category word (such as “condition” or “instances”) for the grammatical antecedent which the relative pronoun refers to.→rsuc], obpr], nfc], recl], gfur], gran], cawor], gran]
Syntax: Wrong construction/syntax―Confusing a preposition with the infinitive marker “to”→prin], infi], inma], cpim]
Syntax: Wrong construction and unclear meaning→come], wcum]
Syntax: Wrong sentence structure→ss], stru], wss], wrst]
Syntax: Wrong sentence structure and unclear meaning→wssm], ssm], stme]
Syntax: Wrong sentence subject / Wrong agent of the action denoted by the verb in the predicate→wsst], wrsu], wrag]
Syntax: Wrong use of connective(s) (mistaking a preposition, a pronoun, a determiner, an adverb, etc. for a conjunction, or a conjunction for a preposition, a pronoun, a determiner, an adverb, etc.)→wuc], conn], conj], prepo], pron], det], dete]
Syntax: Wrong use of pronouns→wupn], wrprn]
Syntax: Wrong use of relative pronouns→wurp], repro]
Syntax: Wrong use of reciprocal pronouns→wurpr], repron], reci]
Syntax: Wrong word order→woor], wwo]
Syntax/Semantics: What are the semantic, logic, or deep-structure relationships between the various items in this construction/sentence? Can you really link up these items meaningfully or unequivocally simply by using a string of prepositions (like “of”)? Think carefully before rewriting this jumbled, sematically ill-formed construction/sentence.→dsr], rbvi], srbi], lrbi], dsri], sifc], sifs], ifs], stp], wuop], cuop], rws], rss], rwjs], rsjs], rewr], rest], syse], juse]
Missing part: →mp]
Target text generating: →ttg]
Target text generating: Needs sentence merging→nsm], seme]
Target text generating: Needs sentence splitting→nss], sesp]
Textual structure: →ts]
Textual structure: Incoherent→inco], incot]
Textual structure: Incohesive→incoh], incoe]
Textual structure: Loose sentence/discourse structure. Add appropriate cohesive ties / contextual transitions (connective expressions, sentences, etc.) here to reinforce the unity (cohesion and coherence) of discourse.→lss], lts], lds], lost], acts], rdu], coti], cotr], diun]
Textual structure: Please add a short introductory or explanatory paragraph here. / Please add an introductory paragraph between a heading and a subheading.→aip], aep], inpa], expa]
Textual structure: Please convert all hypertext links to real hyperlinks.→chrh], hyte], hyli]
Textual structure: Please rewrite/restructure this paragraph.→rwp], rsp]
Textual structure: Please use near deictic word(s).→undw], nede]
Textual structure: Please use remote deictic word(s).→urdw], rede]
Textual structure: Referent of the pronoun unclear or wrongly identified / Anaphoric reference ambiguous→rpu], rpuc], prre], aru], anre], anap]
Textual structure: Reference unclear→ruc], reun]
Textual structure: Start a new sentence here.→sns], nsh], nese]
Textual structure: This and the next paragraphs should be combined into one paragraph because they present one and the same idea.→tnpp]
Textual structure: This is a repetitious sentence/paragraph. Rewrite it to avoid repetition. / This is a weak/boring/empty paragraph/statement. Rewrite to flesh it out.→rese], repa], repe], rar]; wepa], west], bopa], bost], empa], emst], rfo], flou], repe]
Textual structure: Wrong connective→wrcoe]
Textual structure: Wrong focus of information resulting from inappropriate syntactic structure(s)→wfis], wfi], foin]
Textual structure: The focus of the original message was unjustifiably/wrongly changed.→fomc], fome], fuc], fwc]
Textual structure: Wrong/inappropriate organization of ideas/information→woii], ioii], idin], orga]
Textual Structure: Wrong/inappropriate use of demonstrative(s)→wid], wrde], demo]
Textual structure: Wrong paragraph order / This paragraph does not or these paragraphs do not belong here; think carefully where it/they should be positioned.→wpo], pwo], pnbh]
Semantics: →se]
Semantics: Referential Meaning (RM) misunderstood, mistranslated, or inaccurately translated→rm], reme], rmm], rmmm]
Semantics: Pragmatic Meaning (PM) misunderstood, mistranslated, or inaccurately translated→pm], prme], pmm], pmmm]
Semantics: Intralingual Meaning (IM) misunderstood, mistranslated, or inaccurately translated→im], inme], imm], immm]
Semantics: Ambiguous expression/construction→amex], amco], ambi]
Semantics: Are there any differences in meaning between the singular and plural form of this word/phrase?→dmsw], spfw]
Semantics: Confusion of object/event→coe], obev]
Semantics: Improperly using a superordinate or hypernym (上义词) for a subordinate or hyponym (下义词), or vice versa→hyhy], supe], subo], hypo], uhfh]
Semantics: Meaning/referent unclear→mere], mru], uncl]
Semantics: Making no sense / Meaning unclear―Please elucidate.→meun], muc], eluc], mns], sens], nosen]
Semantics: Misleading→mile]
Semantics: Read the sentence(s) again to see if it/they makes/make sense.→rsas], rsa], mase]
Semantics: Refer to what?→rewh], refe]
Semantics: Sentence incomplete in terms of meaning→siim], ics], icm]
Semantics: The semantic/deep structural relationships between the referents of the noun phrases in this phrase/sentence are unclear. Do identify/clarify these relationships before giving them a clear surface form (i.e. using a semantically transparent phrase/sentence to express them).→srru], dsru], sru], idre], clre], stps], setr]
Semantics: What is this? / What are these? Explain.→wit], wat], what], expl]
Semantics: What do you mean by that? / What does this mean after all?→wdyt], whme], wdtm]
Source text analysis: →sta]
Source text analysis: Please carefully and clearly analyze the deep structure of the original.→pads], adso], dest]
Source text analysis: Inaccurate comprehension of the original→ico], incon]
Source text analysis: Mistranslation→mitr]
Source text analysis: Misunderstanding of the original→muo], mior], miun]
Target text generating: →ttg]
Target text generating: Inaccurate translation→iat], inac]
Target text generating: Loss of information→loin]
Target text generating: Misleading translation→mlt], mitr]
Target text generating: Needs adaptation→nead]
Target text generating: Needs annotation→nean]
Target text generating: Needs back-translation→nbt]
Target text generating: Needs contextual amplification→nca]
Target text generating: Needs generalization→nege]
Target text generating: Needs paraphrase→npp], paph]
Target text generating: Needs shift of perspective→nsp]
Target text generating: Needs specification→nesp]
Target text generating: Overloaded translation (under-translation)→olt]
Target text generating: Under-translation (overloaded translation)→untr]
Collocation: Wrong/unidiomatic Chinese collocation→uicc], chco]
Collocation: Wrong/unidiomatic collocation→uico], unco], wrco]
Collocation: Wrong (use of) preposition(s)→wpu], wrpr], prep]
Diction: →dic]
Diction: Catachresis [the use of a forced figure of speech, especially one that involves or seems to involve strong paradox比喻牵强; (表面) 似是而非的比喻, as, “blind mouths,” “Her voice was but the shadow of a sound.” (Young), and “To take arms against a sea of troubles”. (Shak.) (Based on W3 and W1913)]→cata], wufs], ffs], pfs]
Diction: Flowery, Ornate→flow], orna]
Diction: Inappropriate/wrong word/phrase→iw], inwo], ww], wrwo]
Diction: Overstatement, Hyperbole, High-flown→ovst], hype], hifl], exag]
Diction: Pompous→pomp]
Diction: Register (degree of formality) too high (improperly formal)→rth], tofo], rehi], form], fml]
Diction: Register (degree of formality) too low (improperly informal or colloquial)→rtl], toco], tolo], relo], info], infml]
Diction: Unnecessarily heavy→unhe], heav]
Diction: Wordy / Verbose→word], verb]
Diction: Word/phrase wrong in terms of its pragmatic meaning→wwpm], pwpm], wwp], pwp], wpm]
Idiomaticity: Awkward (生硬) / Unnatural→awkw], awwa], aw], unna]
Idiomaticity: Arbitrarily coined word/expression/construction→cowo], coex], coco], coin]
Idiomaticity: Arbitrarily coined Chinese word/expression/construction→ccw], cce], ccc], coinc]
Idiomaticity: Please use an adjective instead of a noun for an attributive here and in similar places elsewhere. Avoid using an noun in an attributive way whenever possible, e.g. write “evening news” (“evening” does not have an adjectival form), but “nightly news” instead of “night news”).→uain], atad], auna], adno], adje], uan], adat], nine]
Idiomaticity: This verb requires an animate subject.→ansu], vras]
Idiomaticity: Unidiomatic Chinese expression/construction→uice], ucc], unch]
Idiomaticity: Unidiomatic expression/construction→uie], uic], unid], unex]
Idiomaticity: Wrong/unidiomatic numeric expression→wne], nuex]
Inappropriate: →ia]
Onomastics: Wrong proper noun (proper name) or inconsistent use of proper nouns (proper names)→onom], wpn], iupn], prno], prna]
Terminology: →te]
Terminology: I cannot find this phrase in the literature. Are you sure this is the right term?→rite], pnfl]
Terminology: Wrong term or inconsistent use of terms→term], wrte], iut], itu]
Terminology: Key concepts/terms cannot be used without being defined first.→tede], code], kcwd], ktwd]
Terminology: Term wrongly translated as a non-term or vice versa→twtn], teno], note], twtnf, tenof, notef
Usage: →us]
Usage: Wrong usage→wrus], usag]
Wrong: →wron], wro]
Categorization: →ca]
Categorization: Item(s) wrongly classified / Recategorize these items. / Think carefully what category this item really falls under.→cate], iwc], rci], rce], wec], wrcl], wrca], wrla], tleu]
Logic: →lo]
Logic: Circular definition or argument→cide], ciar], cidef, ciarf
Logic: Contradictory to previous statement(s) / violation of the law of noncontradiction→cps], cont], laco], vln], noco]
Logic: Lack of consistency in defining paired concepts or items in the same semantic field→lcdf], loc], locd], cdpc], issf]
Logic: Wrong/arbitrary use of logical connectives→wulc], aulc]
Logic/Knowledge: →lk]
Logic/Knowledge: Confounding (mixing up) generic and specific things→coth], mut], cgst], mugt], gesp]
Methodology: A research proposal should include at least the following five component parts: (1) Research background, rationale, and purpose―stating the general problem area and why you think the specific problem or aspect of the problem you propose to study (i.e. your research topic) is important and is worth studying, explaining without using jargons all key concepts involved in the research, putting readers of your proposal in the picture by reviewing items of relevant previous research, indicating a research gap between what is already known about and what is not yet known but well worthy of being found out about your research problem, stating your research purpose and specific research questions, and providing specific research hypotheses (i.e. your tentative answers to your research questions) so that your readers can have an idea of what main results you anticipate to obtain from your study; (2) Research methodology―describing your research subjects (people or things made to undergo a treatment, experiment, analysis, etc. [研究对象/实验对象/被试], e.g. different translations of an original [原文的不同译本], bilingual corpora and term banks employed by linguists working in multilingual contexts [多语环境下语言工作者使用的双语语料库与术语库], in-house translators who take different attitudes to the use of CAT tools in translation [对机助翻译工具抱持不同态度的专职译员], etc.) or sample (a group of people or things that is chosen out of a larger number and is questioned or tested in order to obtain information about the larger group [研究样本/实验样本]), detailing where the data are to be collected from, their characteristics, and the way they will be selected; describing the instruments (tools with which data is collected and measured [数据采集与测量工具]) you will use to collect and measure data (e.g. comparative reading of an original’s different translation[s] [对原文不同译本所做的比较研读], translation with commentary [or annotation translation, a form of introspective and retrospective research where a translator writes in real time a commentary on their own translation process, discussing the translation task, analyzing aspects of the source text, and reasoning about and justifying the kinds of solutions they arrived at for particular kinds of translation problems [(由研究者本人或他人进行的) 评注式翻译], translation assignments [翻译作业], interview schedules [采访提纲], questionnaires [调查问卷], response scales [反应量表], tests, etc., which are normally included in the “Appendices” part of a thesis) and/or apparatus (the set of tools and machines that you use for a particular scientific, medical, or technical purpose [仪器装备]) or special equipment you may need to use for collecting, measuring, and/or analyzing data (e.g. dictaphones [口述录音机], sonographs [声谱仪], special computer programs [专用计算机程序, e.g. AppServ, Praat, Trados, Wordfast, and WordSmith], etc., which are usually included in the “Equipment” or “Apparatus” sections of “Appendices”); evaluating both the reliability (the extent to which an experiment, test, or measuring procedure yields the same results on repeated trials [信度]) and validity (the quality that a measure measures what it is supposed to measure, i.e. getting results that accurately reflect the concept being measured, or that a test predicts what it is designed to predict. [效度]. Validity implies reliability [accuracy]. A valid measure must be reliable, but a reliable measure need not be valid. There are two kinds of validity in a test or experimental study: the internal validity―the extent to which the claimed cause-effect relationship between the investigated objects can be accounted for by the variables investigated [内在效度] and the external validity―the extent to which the test results or findings of a research are applicable to contexts beyond the sample group investigated [外在效度]) of all of your instruments; describing the process of data collection and measuring / sampling (how the instruments/apparatus are to be used to collect and measure your research data [数据采集过程]) and the process of data analysis (the process you will go through to find out what your research data can reveal about your topic [数据分析过程]); (3) Preliminary findings―indicating one or two important findings about the research problem (variables identified, patterns/regularities discovered, etc) you have achieved in the pilot study and/or other explorations you carried out; (4) Major references―listing the background and critical sources you have read about the research problem; (5) The timetable for your research. This text fails to include all applicable items in these five component parts. Check what item(s) is/are missing and make it/them up. (For a more detailed explanation of the information that a research proposal should contain, read “Typical Thesis Structure” by Ke Ping [2008-2018. Retrievable from http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Th__TypicalThesisStructure.htm].)→cprp], rpp], rpc], prco], 5cp], 5pa], cpp], repr], prop]
Methodology: A thesis, research paper, research report, or their abstract should include at least the following four component parts: (1) Research background, rationale, and purpose (typically presented in the “Introduction” and “Literature Review” chapters in the case of a thesis)―stating the general problem area and why you think the specific problem or aspect of the problem you addressed (i.e. your research topic) is important and is worth studying, ([in the case of a thesis] explaining without using jargons all key concepts involved in the research), putting the reader in the picture by reviewing items of relevant previous research, indicating a research gap between what is already known about and what is not yet known but well worthy of being found out about your research problem, stating your research purpose and specific research questions (and [in the case of a thesis] providing specific research hypotheses, i.e. your tentative answers to your research questions, by way of anticipating the main results of your study, and a brief preview of how the thesis will be organized); (2) Research methodology (typically presented in the “Methodology” chapter in the case of a thesis)―describing the subjects/sample (where the data are collected from, their characteristics and selection), describing the instruments/apparatus used to collect, measure, and analyze data, describing the process of data collection and measuring / sampling; describing the process of data analysis (the process you went through to find out what your data revealed about your topic); (3) Research results and their interpretations (typically presented in the “Results and Discussion” chapter in the case of a thesis)―technically summarizing (often through the use of tables or figures for the sake of economy in the case of a thesis which reports a quantitative study) the grouped data and results of data analysis (i.e. research findings), and discussing the research findings to provide direct answers to your research questions; and (4) Research conclusions (typically presented in the “Conclusion” chapter in the case of a thesis)―summarizing in nontechnical terms your major research findings, indicating the theoretical and practical implications of your work, explaining why you think your work, or some aspect of it, is valuable, discussing the significance of your study in a broader context and fitting it into the world of research in your field, acknowledging the weaknesses of your study, considering where more research is needed and what new problems arise as a result of your work, and presenting some suggestions for possible future research which would be sensible based on the results of your investigation. (For a more detailed explanation of the information that each of these four component parts should contain, read “Typical Thesis Structure” by Ke Ping [2008-2018. Retrievable from http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Th__TypicalThesisStructure.htm].) This text fails to include all applicable items in these four component parts. Check what item(s) is/are missing and make it/them up.→tcp], pcp], rrcp], tts], thst], thpa], mcp], miel], 4cp], 4pa], cmi], mmi], ctp], chpa], thes]
Methodology: A description of the methodology employed in this research is incomplete or missing here. / Do see to it that both the body text and the abstract(s) include a methodological component, in which you (1) describe your research subjects (people or things made to undergo a treatment, experiment, analysis, etc. [研究对象/实验对象/被试], e.g. different translations of an original [原文的不同译本], bilingual corpora and term banks employed by linguists working in multilingual contexts [多语环境下语言工作者使用的双语语料库与术语库], in-house translators who take different attitudes to the use of CAT tools in translation [对机助翻译工具抱持不同态度的专职译员], etc.) or sample (a group of people or things that is chosen out of a larger number and is questioned or tested in order to obtain information about the larger group [研究样本/实验样本]), detailing where the data are collected from, their characteristics, and the way they were selected; (2) describe the instruments (tools with which data is collected AND MEASURED [数据采集与测量工具]) you used to collect and measure your data (e.g. comparative reading of an original’s different translation[s] [对原文不同译本所做的比较研读], translation with commentary [or annotation translation, a form of introspective and retrospective research where a translator writes in real time a commentary on their own translation process, discussing the translation task, analyzing aspects of the source text, and reasoning about and justifying the kinds of solutions they arrived at for particular kinds of translation problems [(由研究者本人或他人进行的) 评注式翻译], translation assignments [翻译作业], interview schedules [采访提纲], questionnaires [调查问卷], response scales [反应量表], tests, etc., which are normally included in the “Appendices” part of a thesis) and/or apparatus (the set of tools and machines that you use for a particular scientific, medical, or technical purpose [仪器装备]) or special equipment you used for collecting, measuring, and/or analyzing data (e.g. dictaphones [口述录音机], sonographs [声谱仪], special computer programs [专用计算机程序, e.g. AppServ, Praat, Trados, Wordfast, and WordSmith], etc., which are usually included in the “Equipment” or “Apparatus” sections of “Appendices”); (3) address both the reliability (the extent to which an experiment, test, or measuring procedure yields the same results on repeated trials [信度]) and validity (the quality that a measure measures what it is supposed to measure, i.e. getting results that accurately reflect the concept being measured, or that a test predicts what it is designed to predict. [效度]. Validity implies reliability [accuracy]. A valid measure must be reliable, but a reliable measure need not be valid. There are two kinds of validity in a test or experimental study: the internal validity―the extent to which the claimed cause-effect relationship between the investigated objects can be accounted for by the variables investigated [内在效度] and the external validity―the extent to which the test results or findings of a research are applicable to contexts beyond the sample group investigated [外在效度]) of all of your instruments; (4) describe the process of data collection and measuring / sampling (how the instruments/apparatus were used to collect research data [数据采集过程]); and (5) describe the process of data analysis (the process you went through to find out what your research data revealed about your topic [数据分析过程]). (For a more detailed explanation of the information that the methodological component should contain, read “Typical Thesis Structure” by Ke Ping [2008-2018. Retrievable from http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Th__TypicalThesisStructure.htm].)→dmeh], memi], deme], bbta], meco], mepa], resu], inst], meas], reac], rpf], meth]
Methodology: Research findings should be true “findings” in the sense that: (1) they explain something others do not yet know and; (2) they are findings of some value, i.e. they explain something that others can benefit from. Do you think your research findings or anticipated research findings (as indicated in your research hypotheses or your tentative answers to your research questions) measure up to these two standards? If not, you need to reconsider your proposed research topic, reflect on your research design and the process you went through to collect your research data, reanalyze your data, and/or reinterpret the results of your data analysis.→refi], trfi], trf], rrt], rrd], rdcp], reda], rrda]
Methodology: Think again what you are proposing to do: to introduce some theoretical perspective, or to resolve your research question(s).→tawd], wypd], itp], inpr], ryrq], requ]
Reasoning: →re]
Reasoning: Argument ad hominem (“against the man”)→arho], agma]
Reasoning: Argument from ignorance→arig], igno]
Reasoning: Usually you cannot argue for something or prove a point simply by citing somebody’s opinion or statement. Think how a point can be logically proved and provide rational reasons of your own for drawing a conclusion or supporting an argument.→caso], cass], cppo], cpps], arci], prci], lpp], prlo], prrc], prra], owre]
Reasoning: Aristotle’s fallacy of the consequent—affirmation of the consequent→afco], cons]
Reasoning: Aristotle’s fallacy of the consequent—denial of the antecedent→dean], ante]
Reasoning: Begging the question / Circular argument (以假定作为论据来辩论; 武断; taking the form of tautology or arguing in a circle [i.e. stating or believing a fact to be its own reason])→bequ], qube], ciart], taut]
Reasoning: Card-stacking→cast]
Reasoning: Dubious authority→duau], auth]
Reasoning: Evidence?→evid]
Reasoning: Fallacy of arguing by analogy→faa], aran], anal]
Reasoning: Fallacy of illicit major/minor premise (term undistributed in the premise of a syllogism being distributed in the conclusion)→imp], prem], dist]
Reasoning: Fallacy of Post hoc ergo propter hoc (“after this, therefore because of this”)→fphh], phph], attt]
Reasoning: Hasty generalization→hage]
Reasoning: Illogical/irrational→illo], irra]
Reasoning: Lack of logic→lalo]
Reasoning: Logic?→logi]
Reasoning: Non sequitur (“it does not follow” 推不出)→nose], nofo]
Reasoning: Overgeneralization→ovge]
Reasoning: Oversimplification→ovsi]
Reasoning: Weak argument→wear], argu]
Reasoning: Wrong comparison→wrcom], wrcf], comp], cf]
Reasoning: Wrong or unclear logical connection / Wrong or arbitrary use of logical connectives→wlc], ulc], loco], wulc], aulc], alc]
Reasoning: Wrong reasoning→wrre]
Way of thinking: →wt]
Way of thinking: Chinglish→chen]
Way of thinking: Please don’t think in Chinese and then translate what you thought into English. Do think in English!→dtce], then], wath]
Way of thinking: Thinking unclear→tuc], uct], unth]
Fact: →fa], fact]
Knowledge: →kn], know]
Knowledge: Counterintuitive / Contrary to what common sense would suggest / Nonsensical→coine], cocs], nosel]
Knowledge: Failed to internalize the core concepts of the course or subject field you are studying. Make an effort on your own account to make up the deficiency.→ficc], icc], cocos], keco]
Knowledge: Failed to master the system of knowledge and/or basic methods of the course or subject field you are studying. Make an effort on your own account to make up the deficiency.→fmkm], sykn], bame]
Knowledge: Faulty knowledge of English grammar / Serious deficiencies in your knowledge of English grammar. Remedy the deficiencies by intensive (re-)reading and careful consultation of quality grammar books.→fkeg], fagr], sdkg], degr], engr]
Knowledge: Lack of or insufficient common sense (knowledge about the real world)→cose], rwk], lacs], ics], lkrw], ikrw]
Knowledge: Lack of or insufficient subject matter knowledge→smk], suma], lsmk], ismk]
Technics/Mechanics: →tm]
The overall structure and format of your thesis: For detailed information about the structure and format of your thesis, please carefully read/consult the Department of English’s style guides: (1)《本科学位论文写作规范》(The Department of English’s Instructions on the Preparation of BA Thesis [mht]); (2)《翻译硕士 (MTI) 学位论文写作规范》(The Department of English’s Instructions on the Preparation of MTI Thesis [htm]); (3)《南京大学外国语学院英语系英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学专业语言学、翻译学、词典学方向硕博士学位论文写作规范》(The Instructions for NJU English Linguistics/Translation/Lexicography Majors on the Preparation of Theses and Dissertations [pdf]); and Instructions for the Preparation of MA Theses & PhD Dissertations [htm].→osft], ovfo], stfo], thfo], dei], ndgf], wygf]
Abbreviation/Acronym: →aa]
Abbreviation/Acronym: If a term or proper name has an abbreviation or acronym which you want to use in your text, do include the abbreviation or acronym in parentheses the first time the term or proper name is used. If a number of abbreviations or acronyms are used in a long text, provide a “List of Abbreviations/Acronyms” at the beginning of the text.→iaap], abbr], acro], paab], paac], laa]
Abstracts: →ab]
Abstracts: Place the Chinese abstract of the thesis/paper before the English one if you write your thesis/paper in English and vice versa if you write your thesis/paper in Chinese.→pcae], peac], orab], chab], enab]
Abstracts: The propostional content of the Chinese and English abstracts of a thesis/paper should be kept consistent with each other as well as with that of the body of the thesis, so revise by yourself the English abstract and the corresponding chapters and sections of the body text according to the Chinese abstract which I marked.→pckc], abst], cea], aic], coab]
Character set: →cs]
Character set: For English texts and for numbers and Latin letters in Chinese texts, use characters from a Latin-based character set, e.g. “English / Western European / Other Latin Languages,” to ensure that these characters are displayed and printed in 半角字符, like “CAM, cam, 1, 2, 3, CAM, cam, 1, 2, 3, …”). Never use characters from a Chinese character set, e.g. the “Phonetic Symbols of the Chinese Pinyin” or “简体中文 (GB2312), which are either in 全角字符, like “ＣＡＭ, ＣＡＭ,１,２,３,１,２,３, …” or in 半角字符, but in a Chinese font, like “cam”.→chse], lase], lbcs], enle], ennu], lale], lanu], baji], bjqj], bjzf]
Documentation: →do]
Documentation: Avoid translating a citation from Chinese into English if the English version of the same source or a similar English source by the same author is available. →atca], atce], atc], avtr], enso], ues]
Documentation: One or more of the elements in this in-text citation or reference list item (author’s name, date of publication, page number[s] of the cited source, title of work, location of publication, publisher, etc.) is/are erroneous in terms of fact and/or form, or totally missing. / Check the factual accuracy of all in-text citations and reference list items, and consult the APA style manual for the correct way to cite any specific source.→eler], elmi], ermi], eff], chac], coap], asm], cwcs], apst], ciso], itc], rli]
Documentation: Please check the original (again).→chor], coa]
Documentation: Please consult “APA Style Lite for College Papers” by Dr. Abel Scribe, PhD (2009) (http://www.docstyles.com/apalite.htm) and “Publication Manual of the APA (6th ed.)” by the American Psychological Association (2010) (http://www.apa.org/books/) for the correct way to cite this and similar references (sources) in text and to reference them in the end-of-the-thesis reference list (“References”).→reap], apli], pma], apa6]
Documentation: Please consult “APA Style Made Easy” (http://keping.sprinterweb.net/W_Pub-PublishersOfTheCitationStyleGuide-APAStyleMadeEasy.htm) by Publishers of the Citation StyleGuide (2004) for the correct way to cite this and similar references (sources) in text and to reference them in the end-of-the-thesis reference list (“References”).→asme]
Documentation: Please give source(s) to avoid plagiarism.→avpl], giso], plag], sour], docu]
Documentation: Please list in the reference list (i.e. the “References” section at the end of your thesis/paper/report) ALL and ONLY sources you actually cite or quote in your thesis/paper/report. Check the accuracy of EVERY item in this list.→lrlt], reli], sacq], scq], alon], las], los], also], soci], soqo], ceil], chac], chit]
Documentation: I cannot find the source of this in-text citation in the reference list (i.e. the “References” section at the end of your thesis/paper/report). Do list in the reference list ALL (and only) the sources you cite or quote in your thesis/paper/report.→snfr], cnfr], nfrl], infl], lcrl], lacl], lacr], inte]
Documentation: Undocumented/Questionable/Unreliable citation or data. Specify the original source (and justify its use).→quda], unda], spso], unci], unci], undo], juus]
Documentation: The passage(s) you cite here and the source(s) you provide for it/them do not match each other. Correct the mistake and be honest and accurate when citing source(s).→pcso], bhas], paso], noma], hoac], hoci], acci], ciin]
Grammar check: Do check anything you write down for grammatical correctness and make sure that no grammar mistakes exist in anything you submit or send. A grammar checker, either a stand-alone application or as a feature of a word processor (e.g. MS Word), might be of some help if you use it wisely.→grch], kgso], togs]
Numbers: →nu]
Numbers: Spell out numbers that can be expressed in one or two words and numbers that begin sentences. Use figures for numbers that need to be expressed in more than two words and numbers that appear in the following situations: days and years (e.g. A.D. 1776, February 6, 2010), addresses (e.g. 22 Hankou Rd.), identification numbers (e.g. Room 736, CCTV 9), page and division of books and plays (e.g. page 17, in Act II, Scene ii), decimals and percentages (e.g. a 4.2 average, 33.5 percent), large round numbers (e.g. two billion dollars [or] $2 billion, 32,300,000 [or] 32.3 million).→son], won], ufns], snso], snwo], sfu]
Punctuation: →pu]
^… Punctuation: A comma is missing here.→mico], comi]
Punctuation: Don’t use English punctuation(s) for Chinese ones or vice versa.→enpu], chpu], epm], cpm], eqm], cqm]
Punctuation: Place this and all similar items within quotation marks.→pwqm], quma], wqm]
Punctuation: Wrong punctuation(s) / Punctuation(s) missing→wrpu], pumi], punc], mipu]
Spelling: →spg]
Spelling: Wrong spelling→wrsp], spel]
Spelling: Wrongly written Chinese character(s)→wwcc], cc]
Spelling: Do spell check anything you write down and make sure that no spelling errors exist in anything you submit or send. Form the good habit of always keeping the spelling-check switch in your word processor (e.g. MS Word) turned on.→spch], ksso], toss]
Typography: →ty], typ], typo]
Typography: A hard carriage return is missing here.→hcrm], mhcr]
Typography: Avoid using the Automatic First Line Indent, Automatic Numbering, and Automatic Bullet functions of MS Word, as the first line indents, numbers, and bullets inserted by Word are volatile: they look apparently good but may easily get lost when you change the style of a paragraph where these effects are applied or when you copy a paragraph thus formatted into other applications (e.g. PowerPoint, Notepad, etc.) for processing. So do form the good habit of pressing the tab key to manually insert a tab (→) to indent the first line of each body text paragraph and using a real number (1, 2, etc.) or bullet (■, ●, etc.) to start a numbered or bulleted paragraph instead of letting MS Word number or bullet it for you. You need also to make the following adjustments in MS Word to prevent these effects from being automatically applied in Word: (1) Press the shortcut key “Alt, t, a” to bring up the “AutoCorrect” (自动更正) dialog box. (2) Uncheck the “Automatically indent the first line of a paragraph” box in both the “AutoFormat (自动套用格式)” card and the “AutoFormat while typing” (键入时自动套用格式) card to prevent MS Word from automatically indent the first line of each body text paragraph for you. (3) Uncheck the “(Apply automatically when typing) An automatic numbered list” and “(Apply automatically when typing) An automatic bulleted list” boxes in the “AutoFormat while typing” (键入时自动套用格式) card to prevent MS Word from automatically numbering or bulleting a paragraph for you.→auaf], auco], aufo], afli], auin], anl], aunu], abl], aubu]
Typography: Don’t use a hyphen or hyphens for a dash.→hyda], dash], wrda]
Typography: Don’t use a Chinese hyphen/dash for an English hyphen/dash or vice versa.→cheh], cdeh], wrhy], chhy], chda], enhy], enda]
Typography: Format chapter and section headings in bigger and boldface type.→fhbb], csh], chhe], sehe], hbbt], hea], bity], bifo], boty], bofo]
Typography: Have you previewed this (and other) pages? Do they look right? Readjust the space above the top line and/or below the last line of the text on this page and, if needed, readjust the space between different sections or subsections of the entire text to ensure that the page and text layouts of this paper/thesis/translation are appropriate and good.→prev], plg], resp], rsab], sab], spab], spbe], pasp], ptl], pala], tela], mosp], apla]
Typography: Is the format of this and similar paragraphs in this text right? Please consult the Department of English’s style guides to find out: (1)《本科学位论文写作规范》(The Department of English’s Instructions on the Preparation of BA Thesis [mht]); (2)《翻译硕士 (MTI) 学位论文写作规范》(The Department of English’s Instructions on the Preparation of MTI Thesis [htm]); (3)《南京大学外国语学院英语系英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学专业语言学、翻译学、词典学方向硕博士学位论文写作规范》(The Instructions for NJU English Linguistics/Translation/Lexicography Majors on the Preparation of Theses and Dissertations [pdf]); and Instructions for the Preparation of MA Theses & PhD Dissertations [htm].→ifr], pafo], fori], stgu], fbq], bqf], bqfr], blqu]
Typography: Normally there should be at least one blank line above each heading or subheading. The paragraph style of this blank line should be the same as or one or two levels lower than that of the heading/subheading itself.→blan], blli], lihe], sblh], bls]
Typography: Please add a tab at the beginning of each paragraph.→atbp], tapa]
Typography: Please align the original and the translation.→aot], alco], alpa], ktcf], cltef], drsf] drblf], drcrf], aotf]
Typography: Capitalize anything that should be capitalized→cap]
Typography: Please capitalize anything that should be capitalized and use lower case letters for anything that should not be capitalized.→capi], noca], lcl]
Typography: Please center this heading/title/paragraph and similar headings/titles/paragraphs in the entire text.→cehe], ceti], cepa], cent]
Typography: Please delete all hard carriage returns within every heading paragraph. To control the line spacing of a long heading paragraph, readjust the line spacing of the paragraph.→dhcr], care]
Typography: Please delete all redundant spaces in this text.→resp], dars], desp], drs]
Typography: Please delete this blank line here and in similar places elsewhere.→dbl], dblh], deli]
Typography: Please flush this heading/title/paragraph left.→flle], left]
Typography: Please flush this heading/title/paragraph right.→flri], righ]
Typography: Please insert a blank line here and in similar places elsewhere.→ibl], blh]
Typography: Please insert a space here and in similar places elsewhere.→insp], onsp], spac]
Typography: Please insert a period here and in similar places elsewhere.→inpe], iph], peri]
Typography: Please insert a space before and after a dash.→spda], sbad]
Typography: Please insert two spaces here and in similar places elsewhere.→its], twsp]
Typography: Please insert a tab here and in similar places elsewhere.→inta], onta], tab]
Typography: Please insert the Table of Contents (TOC) here.→ith], itoc]
Typography: A Word document’s TOC must be inserted by Word automatically based on the various heading paragraphs in the document; never insert a fake TOC by hand-typing its content. To insert a TOC, ensure that each heading paragraph (chapter title, section title, etc.) in the document is assigned a heading style corresponding to its heading level (Heading 1, Heading 2, Heading 3, etc.), click in Word “Insert > References > Index and TOC > TOC > OK”.→toc], ibwa], fato], htto], into]
Typography: Please insert two tabs here and in similar places elsewhere.→itt], twta]
Typography: Please italicize anything that should be italicized and DON’T italicize anything that should not be italicized.→ital], diai], doit]
Typography: Wronly centered paragraph / Please justify the paragraph.→jupa], just], wcp], wrce]
Typography: Please keep the text clean and flowing by deleting all redundant spaces, tabs, hard carriage returns, blank lines, and page/section breaks.→ktc], ktf], clte], flte], drbl], drcr]
Typography: Please parenthesize anything that should be parenthesized (e.g. the date of publication of an item in the Reference list of a paper or thesis formated in the APA style).→patcd], pare], dop]
Typography: Please reduce the space above this/these paragraph(s). / Please delete the redundant hard carriage returns above this/these paragraph(s).→rsap], drhe], resp], dere]
Typography: Please reduce the space between two subheadings.→rsts], rsth], sphe], spsu]
Typography: Please start a new paragraph here and wherever needed or applicalble throughout the document.→snp], snph], nph], nepa], nepar], nepah], npwn], npwa]
Typography: Please start a new page or section here and in similar positions elsewhere in this document by inserting a page or section break. / Insert a page break or section break instead of a number of hard carriage returns to “push” a paragraph down to a new page.→snpa], snsh], nepag], page], sect], ipb], isb], pabr], sebr]
Typography: Please use “Heading 1” (“Heading 2,” “Heading 3,” etc.) style for all level one (level two, level three, etc) headings. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+1 (2, 3, etc.) [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install in Word 2003 and Word 2007: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm; How to Install in Word 2019 and Later: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstallInWord2019.doc]}→head], thhe], biti]
Typography: Please use “Normal” style for all Latin-based body text paragraphs (西文正文段落) in most writing tasks. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+N [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→norm], xwzw]
Typography: Please use “Chinese” style for all Chinese body text paragraphs (中文正文段落) in most writing tasks. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+C [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→chin], zwzw]
Typography: Please use “Indent” style for block quotations in most writing tasks. Insert an “Indent”-styled blank line above and below each block quotation. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+I [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→inde]
Typography: Please use “Hanging Indent” style for numbered or bulleted block quotations in most writing tasks. Insert a “Hanging Indent”-styled blank line above and below each numbered or bulleted block quotation. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+H [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→hain], hang]
Typography: Please use “BibIndent” style for reference items in a reference list in most writing tasks. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+B [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→bib], biin]
Typography: Please use “TableLabel” style for labels of tables and figures in most writing tasks. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Alt+Shift+T [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→tala], fila]
Typography: Please use “TableText” style for texts in tables and figures in most writing tasks. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+T [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→tate], fite]
Typography: Please use “Thesis/Letter” style for all body text paragraphs in a letter or an academic thesis. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+L [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→thle], thno], lett]
Typography: You may use “Heading 2NJU” style for all level two headings in your thesis.→h2nu], h2n], nuh2]
Typography: You may use “Heading 3NJU” style for all level three headings in your thesis.→h3nu], h3n], nuh3]
Typography: Please use “ThesisBibIndent” style for references in the reference list. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Alt+Shift+B [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→tbi]
Typography: Please use “ThesisIndent” style for block quotations in a thesis. There should be a “ThesisIndent”-styled blank line above and below each block quotation. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Alt+Shift+I [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→thin], tbq], tibq]
Typography: Please use “ThesisHangingIndent” style for numbered or bulleted block quotations in a thesis. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Alt+Shift+H [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→thi]
Typography: To juxtapose texts, insert a table (表格) and type into different cells (单元格) of the table texts that are meant to be juxtaposed; never insert a new section (节) in which a text is displayed (only in the Page Layout mode) in two, three, or more columns (分栏). A multi-column section can only be used for homogeneous (same-type) texts. Heterogeneous (not-of-the-same-type) texts cannot be juxtaposed in a multi-column section without the insertion of hard carriage returns wherever it seems necessary. That causes unclean text and, what is worse, any deletion from or addition to the original text may disrupt the apparently juxtaposed columns, forcing the reviser to insert new and/or delete existing hard carriage returns.→jute], usta], dums], tmcs]
Typography: Type size (font) too large→fstl], fola], ftl]
Typography: Type size (font) too small→fsts], fosm], fts]
Typography: Use CAPITAL letter(s) here and in similar places elsewhere. / Capitalize the initial letter(s) of this/these word(s).→ucl], cale]
Typography: Use lower-case letters here and in similar places elsewhere.→ull], lole], smfo]
Typography: Use bold letters here and in similar places elsewhere. / All the text on this page should appear in boldface.→ubl], bole], bofa], bold], atib], atop]
Typography: Use italic letters here and in similar places elsewhere.→uil], itle], ita]
Typography: Use bold and italic letters here and in similar places elsewhere.→ubil], bil], boit]
Typography: Use font “Arial / 黑体” (bold) for all headings and subheadings. (For numerals in them use only font “Arial”.) Use font “Times New Roman / 宋体” for all normal paragraphs. (For numerals in them use only font “Times New Roman”.) Use font “Arial / 等线” for all block quotation paragraphs. (For numerals in them use only font “Arial”.)→font], hefo], npfo], bqfo], tiso], arhe], tnr], time], aria], soti], heti], mate], hesu], arka], kati], bloc]
Typography: Use styles in a consistent way. / Check to ensure that throughout the document the same font and paragraph styles are used for all headings and subheadings of the same level, and for all paragraphs of the same type in the body text.→uscw], sast], cost], stco], heco], teco], cowa], sale], saty], safo], sapa], sft], sps], sfps]
Typography: Why does this paragraph / do these paragraphs end with a soft carriage return instead of a hard one?→wper], scr], hcr]
Typography: Why is the line spacing of this paragraph different from that of the other paragraphs in the body text?→wlsd], wlsp], lsbt], bote]
Typography: Wrong heading level. Please use “Heading 0,” “Heading 7,” “Heading 8,” or “Heading 9” style for all headings that are not expected to appear in the Table of Contents (TOC). The font size of such headings may be readjusted according to needs. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+0 (7, 8, 9) [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→whl], hele], head0], head7], head8], head9]
Typography: Wrong line spacing―Use single line or 11.6 pt. spacing for all headings.→wrli], wls], lisp], sls]
Typography: Wrong font size→wrfs] , fosi], wfs], wrsi]
Typography: Wrong typeface (字体)→wrtf], wrty], tyfa], wrfo]
Typography: Wrong paragraph style for this paragraph (and other paragraphs in this section) / Wrong paragraph style for all items in this section.→wps], para], wpsi]
Use of reference tools: →urt]
Use of reference tools: →urt]
Use of reference tools: Avoid using unreliable reference tools.→auut], urrt], unto]
Use of reference tools: Insufficient/careless use of glossaries, specialized dictionaries, and encyclopedias→iuge], cuge], glos], ency]
Use of reference tools: Insufficient/careless use of monolingual dictionaries→iumd], cumd], dict], mld], modi]
Use of reference tools: Insufficient/careless use of quality reference tools→iurt], curt], inus], caus]
Use of reference tools: Please consult a quality native corpus (such as British National Corpus [BYU-BNC: http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc/]. or The Corpus of Contemporary American English [COCA: http://www.americancorpus.org/].).→pcqc], ccnc], qnc], naco], bnc], coca]
Use of reference tools: Please consult a quality reference tool.→pcqr], cqrt], qrt]
Use of reference : Please consult a reliable dictionary or handbook of personal names.→pena], cdpn]
Use of reference tools: Please consult a reliable dictionary or handbook of place names.→plna], cdpna]
Viewing modes: →vm]
Viewing modes: When working in MS Word, you should usually use “Normal view” instead of “Page Layout view” for displaying and editing a document (except when you work with, say, long tables and some special graphics), because under that view you can use the space on the screen more efficiently, page up and down more rapidly and, more importantly, readily check if the style of a paragraph (including a heading paragraph) is right by looking at the style name of the paragraph in the style area at the left of the Word window (for that purpose you need to keep the style area shown in the Word window by increasing its width from “0” to, say, “1.2 cm” in “Tools\Options\View” in MS Word 2003 and “Tools\Options\Advanced” in MS Word 2007). / Do see to it that MS Word’s viewing mode is “Normal” instead of “Page Layout” before a working document is saved.→vimo], novi], pavi], plv], saw], chst], ksas] ssa]
^…→3
Abbreviation/Acronym: If a term or proper name has an abbreviation or acronym which you want to use in your text, do include the abbreviation or acronym in parentheses the first time the term or proper name is used. If a number of abbreviations or acronyms are used in a long text, provide a “List of Abbreviations/Acronyms” at the beginning of the text.→iaap], abbr], acro], paab], paac], laa]
Abstracts: Place the Chinese abstract of the thesis/paper before the English one if you write your thesis/paper in English and vice versa if you write your thesis/paper in Chinese.→pcae], peac], orab], chab], enab]
Abstracts: The propostional content of the Chinese and English abstracts of a thesis/paper should be kept consistent with each other as well as with that of the body of the thesis, so revise by yourself the English abstract and the corresponding chapters and sections of the body text according to the Chinese abstract which I marked.→pckc], abst], cea], aic], coab]
Attitude/approach: Empty, vague, or senseless expression/statement, which should never appear in a piece of serious writing→emex], emst], vaex], vast], vagu], seex], empt], sele]
Attitude/approach: Read the original again carefully.→roac], reag], reca], roa], roc]
Attitude/approach: The texts you write and your translations tell MANY, MANY things about you―not just your language proficiency and professional expertise, but also the general quality of the education/training you received, your sense of structure and direction, your ability to apply common sense and make rational judgments/conclusions on the basis of facts and their interrelationships, your personal habits and specific (for good or bad) ways of doing things, your moral and aesthetic values, your commitment to work and your sense of responsibility for people you are related to in one way or another (including those whom you submit this text to for reading), ... Your texts tell what kind of person you really are in a manner more subtle and forceful than you can imagine. So do be VERY SERIOUS AND CONSCIENTIOUS about the quality of your work and go to any lengths to ensure that your writings or translations are right and good in BOTH CONTENT AND FORM.→ttmy], wrtr], lppe], qued], qutr], sest], aacs], amri], raju], raco], peha], wdt], mova], aeva], ctyw], srp], kipe], sufo], seri], quwo], qual], rigo], cofo], atapg], adwg]
Attitude/approach: The texts you write and your general attitude towards writing (in your case, translation as well) tell MANY, MANY things about you―not just your language proficiency and academic or professional expertise, but also the general quality of the education/training you received, your sense of structure and direction, your ability to apply common sense and make rational judgments/conclusions on the basis of facts and their interrelationships, your personal habits and specific (for good or bad) ways of doing things, your moral and aesthetic values, your commitment to work and your sense of responsibility for people you are related to in one way or another, including, of course, those whom you submit this text and all its follow-ups (detailed outline, 1st draft, 2nd draft … final version, etc.) to for reading, reviewing, or other forms of quality control of your thesis work (including, but not limited to, your advisor, me, the internal or external “blind” reviewers, experts commissioned by the central or provincial governments to spot-check your completed thesis, etc.). Your texts tell what kind of person you really are in a manner more subtle and forceful than you can claim or imagine. So do be VERY SERIOUS AND CONSCIENTIOUS about the quality of your work and go to any lengths to ensure that your writings or, where applicable, translations, are right and good in BOTH CONTENT AND FORM.→wrth], thwr], atapt], adwt]
Attitude/approach: Try to be objective and neutral in the attitude/approach you adopt toward your object of study.→tons], obat], obap], neat], neap], obje], neut], obne], atti], appr], atap]
Attitude/approach: What this paragraph/sentence means is not at all clear. Is it a machine translation or your own literal translation of some Chinese text? Please write, don’t translate and/or plagiarize.→mnac], ltct], mtct], plwr], dotr], dtp]
Categorization: Items wrongly classified / Recategorize these items. / Think carefully what labels these errors should fall under.→cate], iwc], rci], rce], wec], wrcl], wrca], wrla], tleu]
Character set: For English texts and for numbers and Latin letters in Chinese texts, use characters from a Latin-based character set, e.g. “English / Western European / Other Latin Languages,” to ensure that these characters are displayed and printed in 半角字符, like “CAM, cam, 1, 2, 3, CAM, cam, 1, 2, 3, …”). Never use characters from a Chinese character set, e.g. the “Phonetic Symbols of the Chinese Pinyin” or “简体中文 (GB2312), which are either in 全角字符, like “ＣＡＭ, ＣＡＭ,１,２,３,１,２,３, …” or in 半角字符, but in a Chinese font, like “cam”.→chse], lase], lbcs], enle], ennu], lale], lanu], baji], bjqj], bjzf]
Collocation: Wrong/unidiomatic Chinese collocation→uicc], chco]
Collocation: Wrong/unidiomatic collocation→unco], uico], wrco]
Collocation: Wrong (use of) preposition(s)→wpu], wrpr], prep]
Diction: →dic]
Diction: Catachresis [the use of a forced figure of speech, especially one that involves or seems to involve strong paradox比喻牵强; (表面) 似是而非的比喻, as, “blind mouths,” “Her voice was but the shadow of a sound.” (Young), and “To take arms against a sea of troubles”. (Shak.) (Based on W3 and W1913)]→cata], wufs], ffs], pfs]
Diction: Flowery, Ornate→flow], orna]
Diction: Inappropriate/Wrong word/phrase→iw], inwo], ww], wrwo]
Diction: Overstatement, Hyperbole, High-flown→ovst], hype], hifl]
Diction: Pompous→pomp]
Diction: Register (degree of formality) too high (improperly formal)→rth], tofo], rehi], form], fml]
Diction: Register (degree of formality) too low (improperly informal or colloquial)→rtl], toco], tolo], relo], info], infml]
Diction: Unnecessarily heavy→unhe], heav]
Diction: Wordy / Verbose→word], verb]
Diction: Word/phrase wrong in terms of its pragmatic meaning→wwpm], pwpm], wwp], pwp], wpm]
Documentation: →doc]
Documentation: Avoid translating a citation from Chinese into English if the English version of the same source or a similar English source by the same author is available. →atca], atce], atc], avtr], enso], ues]
Documentation: One or more of the elements in this in-text citation or reference list item (author’s name, date of publication, page number[s] of the cited source, title of work, location of publication, publisher, etc.) is/are erroneous in terms of fact and/or form, or totally missing. / Check the factual accuracy of all in-text citations and reference list items, and consult the APA style manual for the correct way to cite any specific source.→eler], elmi], ermi], eff], chac], coap], asm], cwcs], apst], ciso], itc], rli]
Documentation: Please check the original (again).→chor], coa]
Documentation: Please consult “APA Style Lite for College Papers” by Dr. Abel Scribe, PhD (2009) (http://www.docstyles.com/apalite.htm) and “Publication Manual of the APA (6th ed.)” by the American Psychological Association (2010) (http://www.apa.org/books/) for the correct way to cite this and similar references (sources) in text and to reference them in the end-of-the-thesis reference list (“References”).→reap], apli], pma], apa6]
Documentation: Please consult “APA Style Made Easy” (http://keping.sprinterweb.net/W_Pub-PublishersOfTheCitationStyleGuide-APAStyleMadeEasy.htm) by Publishers of the Citation StyleGuide (2004) for the correct way to cite this and similar references (sources) in text and to reference them in the end-of-the-thesis reference list (“References”).→asme]
Documentation: Please give source(s) to avoid plagiarism.→avpl], giso], plag], sour], docu]
Documentation: Please list in the reference list (i.e. the “References” section at the end of your thesis/paper/report) ALL and ONLY sources you actually cite or quote in your thesis/paper/report. Check the accuracy of EVERY item in this list.→lrlt], reli], sacq], scq], alon], las], los], also], soci], soqo], ceil], chac], chit]
Documentation: I cannot find the source of this in-text citation in the reference list (i.e. the “References” section at the end of your thesis/paper/report). Do list in the reference list ALL (and only) the sources you cite or quote in your thesis/paper/report.→snfr], cnfr], nfrl], infl], lcrl], lacl], lacr], inte]
Documentation: Undocumented/Questionable/Unreliable citation or data. Specify the original source (and justify its use).→quda], unda], spso], unci], unci], undo], juus]
Documentation: The passage(s) you cite here and the source(s) you provide for it/them do not match each other. Correct the mistake and be honest and accurate when citing source(s).→pcso], bhas], paso], noma], hoac], hoci], acci], ciin]
Fact: →fa], fact]
Grammar: →gra], gram]
Grammar check: Do check anything you write down for grammatical correctness and make sure that no grammar mistakes exist in anything you submit or send. A grammar checker, either a stand-alone application or as a feature of a word processor (e.g. MS Word), might be of some help if you use it wisely.→grch], kgso], togs]
Idiomaticity: Awkward (生硬) / Unnatural→awkw], awwa], aw], unna]
Idiomaticity: Arbitrarily coined word/expression/construction→cowo], coex], coco], coin]
Idiomaticity: Arbitrarily coined Chinese word/expression/construction→ccw], cce], ccc], coinc]
Idiomaticity: Please use an adjective instead of a noun for an attributive here and in similar places elsewhere. Avoid using an noun in an attributive way whenever possible, e.g. write “evening news” (“evening” does not have an adjectival form), but “nightly news” instead of “night news”).→uain], atad], auna], adno], adje], uan], adat]
Idiomaticity: This verb requires an animate subject.→ansu], vras]
Idiomaticity: Unidiomatic Chinese expression/construction→uice], ucc], unch]
Idiomaticity: Unidiomatic expression/construction→uie], uic], unid], unex]
Idiomaticity: Wrong/unidiomatic numeric expression→wne], nuex]
Inappropriate: →ina], inap]
Knowledge: →kn], know]
Knowledge: Counterintuitive / Contrary to what common sense would suggest / Nonsensical→coine], cocs], nosel]
Knowledge: Failed to internalize the core concepts of the course or subject field you are studying. Make an effort on your own account to make up the deficiency→ficc], icc], cocos], keco]
Knowledge: Failed to master the system of knowledge and/or basic methods of the course or subject field you are studying. Make an effort on your own account to make up the deficiency→fmkm], sykn], bame]
Knowledge: Faulty knowledge of English grammar / Serious deficiencies in your knowledge of English grammar. Remedy the deficiencies by intensive (re-)reading and careful consultation of quality grammar books.→fkeg], fagr], sdkg], degr], engr]
Knowledge: Lack of or insufficient common sense (knowledge about the real world)→cs], cose], rwk], lacs], ics], lkrw], ikrw]
Knowledge: Lack of or insufficient subject matter knowledge→smk], suma], lsmk], ismk]
Logic: →log], logi]
Logic/Knowledge: Confounding (mixing up) generic and specific things→coth], mut], cgst], mugt], gesp]
Logic: Circular definition or argument→cide], ciar], cidef, ciarf
Logic: Contradictory to previous statement(s) / violation of the law of noncontradiction→cps], cont], laco], vln], noco]
Logic: Lack of consistency in defining paired concepts or items in the same semantic field→lcdf], loc], locd], cdpc], issf]
Logic: Wrong/arbitrary use of logical connectives→wulc], aulc]
Loose or misrepresented structure(s): Totally unacceptable loose syntactic, textual and/or semantic structure(s) / Gross misrepresentation of the syntactic, textual and/or semantic structure(s) of the original→lms], tuls], unlo], gmso], gms], grmi]
Mechanics/technics: →mech]
Methodology: A research proposal should include at least the following five component parts: (1) Research background, rationale, and purpose―stating the general problem area and why you think the specific problem or aspect of the problem you propose to study (i.e. your research topic) is important and is worth studying, explaining without using jargons all key concepts involved in the research, putting readers of your proposal in the picture by reviewing items of relevant previous research, indicating a research gap between what is already known about and what is not yet known but well worthy of being found out about your research problem, stating your research purpose and specific research questions, and providing specific research hypotheses (i.e. your tentative answers to your research questions) so that your readers can have an idea of what main results you anticipate to obtain from your study; (2) Research methodology―describing your research subjects (people or things made to undergo a treatment, experiment, analysis, etc. [研究对象/实验对象/被试], e.g. different translations of an original [原文的不同译本], bilingual corpora and term banks employed by linguists working in multilingual contexts [多语环境下语言工作者使用的双语语料库与术语库], in-house translators who take different attitudes to the use of CAT tools in translation [对机助翻译工具抱持不同态度的专职译员], etc.) or sample (a group of people or things that is chosen out of a larger number and is questioned or tested in order to obtain information about the larger group [研究样本/实验样本]), detailing where the data are to be collected from, their characteristics, and the way they will be selected; describing the instruments (tools with which data is collected and measured [数据采集与测量工具]) you will use to collect and measure data (e.g. comparative reading of an original’s different translation[s] [对原文不同译本所做的比较研读], translation with commentary [or annotation translation, a form of introspective and retrospective research where a translator writes in real time a commentary on their own translation process, discussing the translation task, analyzing aspects of the source text, and reasoning about and justifying the kinds of solutions they arrived at for particular kinds of translation problems [(由研究者本人或他人进行的) 评注式翻译], translation assignments [翻译作业], interview schedules [采访提纲], questionnaires [调查问卷], response scales [反应量表], tests, etc., which are normally included in the “Appendices” part of a thesis) and/or apparatus (the set of tools and machines that you use for a particular scientific, medical, or technical purpose [仪器装备]) or special equipment you may need to use for collecting, measuring, and/or analyzing data (e.g. dictaphones [口述录音机], sonographs [声谱仪], special computer programs [专用计算机程序, e.g. AppServ, Praat, Trados, Wordfast, and WordSmith], etc., which are usually included in the “Equipment” or “Apparatus” sections of “Appendices”); evaluating both the reliability (the extent to which an experiment, test, or measuring procedure yields the same results on repeated trials [信度]) and validity (the quality that a measure measures what it is supposed to measure, i.e. getting results that accurately reflect the concept being measured, or that a test predicts what it is designed to predict. [效度]. Validity implies reliability [accuracy]. A valid measure must be reliable, but a reliable measure need not be valid. There are two kinds of validity in a test or experimental study: the internal validity―the extent to which the claimed cause-effect relationship between the investigated objects can be accounted for by the variables investigated [内在效度] and the external validity―the extent to which the test results or findings of a research are applicable to contexts beyond the sample group investigated [外在效度]) of all of your instruments; describing the process of data collection and measuring / sampling (how the instruments/apparatus are to be used to collect and measure your research data [数据采集过程]) and the process of data analysis (the process you will go through to find out what your research data can reveal about your topic [数据分析过程]); (3) Preliminary findings―indicating one or two important findings about the research problem (variables identified, patterns/regularities discovered, etc) you have achieved in the pilot study and/or other explorations you carried out; (4) Major references―listing the background and critical sources you have read about the research problem; (5) The timetable for your research. This text fails to include all applicable items in these five component parts. Check what item(s) is/are missing and make it/them up. (For a more detailed explanation of the information that a research proposal should contain, read “Typical Thesis Structure” by Ke Ping [2008-2018. Retrievable from http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Th__TypicalThesisStructure.htm].)→cprp], rpp], rpc], prco], 5cp], 5pa], cpp], repr], prop]
Methodology: A thesis, research paper, research report, or their abstract should include at least the following four component parts: (1) Research background, rationale, and purpose (typically presented in the “Introduction” and “Literature Review” chapters in the case of a thesis)―stating the general problem area and why you think the specific problem or aspect of the problem you addressed (i.e. your research topic) is important and is worth studying, ([in the case of a thesis] explaining without using jargons all key concepts involved in the research), putting the reader in the picture by reviewing items of relevant previous research, indicating a research gap between what is already known about and what is not yet known but well worthy of being found out about your research problem, stating your research purpose and specific research questions (and [in the case of a thesis] providing specific research hypotheses, i.e. your tentative answers to your research questions, by way of anticipating the main results of your study, and a brief preview of how the thesis will be organized); (2) Research methodology (typically presented in the “Methodology” chapter in the case of a thesis)―describing the subjects/sample (where the data are collected from, their characteristics and selection), describing the instruments/apparatus used to collect, measure, and analyze data, describing the process of data collection and measuring / sampling; describing the process of data analysis (the process you went through to find out what your data revealed about your topic); (3) Research results and their interpretations (typically presented in the “Results and Discussion” chapter in the case of a thesis)―technically summarizing (often through the use of tables or figures for the sake of economy in the case of a thesis which reports a quantitative study) the grouped data and results of data analysis (i.e. research findings), and discussing the research findings to provide direct answers to your research questions; and (4) Research conclusions (typically presented in the “Conclusion” chapter in the case of a thesis)―summarizing in nontechnical terms your major research findings, indicating the theoretical and practical implications of your work, explaining why you think your work, or some aspect of it, is valuable, discussing the significance of your study in a broader context and fitting it into the world of research in your field, acknowledging the weaknesses of your study, considering where more research is needed and what new problems arise as a result of your work, and presenting some suggestions for possible future research which would be sensible based on the results of your investigation. (For a more detailed explanation of the information that each of these four component parts should contain, read “Typical Thesis Structure” by Ke Ping [2008-2018. Retrievable from http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Th__TypicalThesisStructure.htm].) This text fails to include all applicable items in these four component parts. Check what item(s) is/are missing and make it/them up.→tcp], pcp], rrcp], tts], thst], thpa], mcp], miel], 4cp], 4pa], cmi], mmi], ctp], chpa], thes]
Methodology: A description of the methodology employed in this research is incomplete or missing here. / Do see to it that both the body text and the abstract(s) include a methodological component, in which you (1) describe your research subjects (people or things made to undergo a treatment, experiment, analysis, etc. [研究对象/实验对象/被试], e.g. different translations of an original [原文的不同译本], bilingual corpora and term banks employed by linguists working in multilingual contexts [多语环境下语言工作者使用的双语语料库与术语库], in-house translators who take different attitudes to the use of CAT tools in translation [对机助翻译工具抱持不同态度的专职译员], etc.) or sample (a group of people or things that is chosen out of a larger number and is questioned or tested in order to obtain information about the larger group [研究样本/实验样本]), detailing where the data are collected from, their characteristics, and the way they were selected; (2) describe the instruments (tools with which data is collected AND MEASURED [数据采集与测量工具]) you used to collect and measure your data (e.g. comparative reading of an original’s different translation[s] [对原文不同译本所做的比较研读], translation with commentary [or annotation translation, a form of introspective and retrospective research where a translator writes in real time a commentary on their own translation process, discussing the translation task, analyzing aspects of the source text, and reasoning about and justifying the kinds of solutions they arrived at for particular kinds of translation problems [(由研究者本人或他人进行的) 评注式翻译], translation assignments [翻译作业], interview schedules [采访提纲], questionnaires [调查问卷], response scales [反应量表], tests, etc., which are normally included in the “Appendices” part of a thesis) and/or apparatus (the set of tools and machines that you use for a particular scientific, medical, or technical purpose [仪器装备]) or special equipment you used for collecting, measuring, and/or analyzing data (e.g. dictaphones [口述录音机], sonographs [声谱仪], special computer programs [专用计算机程序, e.g. AppServ, Praat, Trados, Wordfast, and WordSmith], etc., which are usually included in the “Equipment” or “Apparatus” sections of “Appendices”); (3) address both the reliability (the extent to which an experiment, test, or measuring procedure yields the same results on repeated trials [信度]) and validity (the quality that a measure measures what it is supposed to measure, i.e. getting results that accurately reflect the concept being measured, or that a test predicts what it is designed to predict. [效度]. Validity implies reliability [accuracy]. A valid measure must be reliable, but a reliable measure need not be valid. There are two kinds of validity in a test or experimental study: the internal validity―the extent to which the claimed cause-effect relationship between the investigated objects can be accounted for by the variables investigated [内在效度] and the external validity―the extent to which the test results or findings of a research are applicable to contexts beyond the sample group investigated [外在效度]) of all of your instruments; (4) describe the process of data collection and measuring / sampling (how the instruments/apparatus were used to collect research data [数据采集过程]); and (5) describe the process of data analysis (the process you went through to find out what your research data revealed about your topic [数据分析过程]). (For a more detailed explanation of the information that the methodological component should contain, read “Typical Thesis Structure” by Ke Ping [2008-2018. Retrievable from http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Th__TypicalThesisStructure.htm].)→dmeh], memi], deme], bbta], meco], mepa], resu], inst], meas], reac], rpf], meth]
Methodology: Research findings should be true “findings” in the sense that: (1) they explain something others do not yet know and; (2) they are findings of some value, i.e. they explain something that others can benefit from. Do you think your research findings or anticipated research findings (as indicated in your research hypotheses or your tentative answers to your research questions) measure up to these two standards? If not, you need to reconsider your proposed research topic, reflect on your research design and the process you went through to collect your research data, reanalyze your data, and/or reinterpret the results of your data analysis.→refi], trfi], trf], rrt], rrd], rdcp], reda], rrda]
Methodology: Think again what you are proposing to do: to introduce some theoretical perspective, or to resolve your research question(s).→tawd], wypd], itp], inpr], ryrq], requ]
Missing part: →mipa], miss]
Morphology: →mor], morp]
Morphology: Does the original express a higher or the highest degree of comparison? / Should the comparative or superlative form of the adjective/adverb be used?→hhdc], cofo], coad], coad], sufo], suad], suad]
Morphology: Noun countable or uncountable?→ncu], coun], numb]
Morphology: Noun singular or plural in number? / Should a singular or plural noun be used here?→nspn], sipl], spn], spnh]
Morphology: Please correct this and all similar wrong tense forms throughout the text.→cote], wtf], wtft]
Morphology: Reference of the noun phrase definite or indefinite? / Should a definite or indefinite article be used here?→rndi], rdi], dein], dear], inar], arti]
Morphology: Verb transitive or intransitive?→vti], tran]
Morphology: Wrong article use. Please consult your English grammar books for correct ways to use the definite article.→wau], awu], cwua]
Morphology: Wrong part of speech→wpsp], pos]
Morphology: Wrong mood or modal auxiliary verb→wrmo], mood]
Morphology: Wrong subjunctive form or construction. Consult your English grammar books for correct ways to put a clause in the subjunctive (mood).→wsf], wsc], wsm], sumo]
Morphology: Wrong basic tense for this paragraph/section―Use the past tense for past events.→pate], past], wbt]
Morphology: Wrong tense→wrten], tens]
Morphology: Inconsistent use of tense→iut], intee]
Morphology: Wrong verb form→wvf], vefo]
Morphology: Wrong voice→voic], wrvo]
Morphology: Wrong use of participles / Should a present participle or past participle be used here?→part], wup], ppp], prpa], papa], wrpa]
Numbers: Spell out numbers that can be expressed in one or two words and numbers that begin sentences. Use figures for numbers that need to be expressed in more than two words and numbers that appear in the following situations: days and years (e.g. A.D. 1776, February 6, 2010), addresses (e.g. 22 Hankou Rd.), identification numbers (e.g. Room 736, CCTV 9), page and division of books and plays (e.g. page 17, in Act II, Scene ii), decimals and percentages (e.g. a 4.2 average, 33.5 percent), large round numbers (e.g. two billion dollars [or] $2 billion, 32,300,000 [or] 32.3 million).→son], won], ufns], snso], snwo], sfu]
Onomastics: Wrong proper noun (proper name) or inconsistent use of proper nouns (proper names)→onom], wpn], iupn], prno], prna]
Pragmatics: →pra], prag]
Punctuation: →pun]
^… Punctuation: A comma is missing here.→mico], comi]
Punctuation: Don’t use English punctuation(s) for Chinese ones or vice versa.→enpu], chpu], epm], cpm], eqm], cqm]
Punctuation: Place this and all similar items within quotation marks.→pwqm], quma], wqm]
Punctuation: Wrong punctuation(s) / Punctuation(s) missing→wrpu], pumi], punc]
Reasoning: →rea], reas]
Reasoning: Illogical/irrational→illo], irra]
Reasoning: Lack of logic→lalo]
Reasoning: Logic?→logi]
Reasoning: Argument ad hominem (“against the man”)→arho], agma]
Reasoning: Argument from ignorance→arig], igno]
Reasoning: Usually you cannot argue for something or prove a point simply by citing somebody’s opinion or statement. Think how a point can be logically proved and provide rational reasons of your own for drawing a conclusion or supporting an argument.→caso], cass], cppo], cpps], arci], prci], lpp], prlo], prrc], prra], owre]
Reasoning: Aristotle’s fallacy of the consequent—affirmation of the consequent→afco], cons]
Reasoning: Aristotle’s fallacy of the consequent—denial of the antecedent→dean], ante]
Reasoning: Begging the question / Circular argument (以假定作为论据来辩论; 武断; taking the form of tautology or arguing in a circle [i.e. stating or believing a fact to be its own reason])→bequ], qube], ciart], taut]
Reasoning: Card-stacking→cast]
Reasoning: Dubious authority→duau], auth]
Reasoning: Evidence?→evid]
Reasoning: Fallacy of arguing by analogy→faa], aran], anal]
Reasoning: Fallacy of illicit major/minor premise (term undistributed in the premise of a syllogism being distributed in the conclusion)→imp], prem], dist]
Reasoning: Fallacy of Post hoc ergo propter hoc (“after this, therefore because of this”)→fphh], phph], attt]
Reasoning: Hasty generalization→hage]
Reasoning: Lack of logic→lalo]
Reasoning: Non sequitur (“it does not follow” 推不出)→nose], nofo]
Reasoning: Overgeneralization→ovge]
Reasoning: Oversimplification→ovsi]
Reasoning: Weak argument→wear], argu]
Reasoning: Wrong comparison→wrcom], wrcf], comp], cf]
Reasoning: Wrong or unclear logical connection / Wrong or arbitrary use of logical connectives→wlc], ulc], loco], wulc], aulc], alc]
Reasoning: Wrong reasoning→wrre]
Same problem: Global correction is needed for this error/mistake. / Please correct this error of fact / untrue statement / wrong or inappropriate expression, usage, or format in the entire text.→gcne], gcnm], ceet], cmet], ente], glco], glre]
Same problem: Refer to my comments above and revise. / Revise according to the comments/revisions I made in the corresponding paragraph(s) in the Chinese/English abstract.→sapr], rccp], copa], rca], reab]
Same problem: You failed to correct the mistake / address the problem which I pointed out to you earlier. Please refer back to previous draft(s) / recall what I said in my talk with you and correct this and all similar mistakes / address this and all similar problems in this text.→fcmd], fapd], fcm], fap], smpd], sppd], rpd], reba], casm], aasp], simi], sipr]
Semantics: →sem], sema]
Semantics: Ambiguous expression/construction→amex], amco], ambi]
Semantics: Are there any differences in meaning between the singular and plural form of this word/phrase?→dmsw], spfw]
Semantics: Confusion of object/event→coe], obev]
Semantics: Improperly using a superordinate or hypernym (上义词) for a subordinate or hyponym (下义词), or vice versa→hyhy], supe], subo], hypo], uhfh]
Semantics: Intralingual Meaning (IM) misunderstood, mistranslated, or inaccurately translated→im], inme], imm], immm]
Semantics: Making no sense / Meaning unclear―Please elucidate.→meun], muc], eluc], mns], sens], nosen]
Semantics: Meaning/referent unclear→mere], mru], uncl]
Semantics: Misleading→mile]
Semantics: Pragmatic Meaning (PM) misunderstood, mistranslated, or inaccurately translated→pm], prme], pmm], pmmm]
Semantics: Read the sentence(s) again to see if it makes sense.→rsas], rsa], mase]
Semantics: Referential Meaning (RM) misunderstood, mistranslated, or inaccurately translated→rm], reme], rmm], rmmm]
Semantics: Refer to what?→rewh], refe]
Semantics: Read the sentence(s) again to see if it/they makes/make sense.→rsas], rsa], mase]
Semantics: Sentence incomplete in terms of meaning→siim], ics], icm]
Semantics: The semantic/deep structural relationships between the referents of the noun phrases in this phrase/sentence are unclear. Do identify/clarify these relationships before giving them a clear surface form (i.e. using a semantically transparent phrase/sentence to express them).→srru], dsru], sru], idre], clre], stps], setr]
Semantics: What is this? / What are these? Explain.→wit], wat], what], expl]
Semantics: What do you mean by that? / What does this mean after all?→wdyt], whme], wdtm]
Sense of responsibility: →sere], repo]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: Did not make due efforts to analyze the original systematically and comprehend it thoroughly→dnmt], aos], cot], asct], syan], thco]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: Loose Chinese way of thinking and irresponsible, “literal” translation of what you thought in Chinese into incorrect English (Chinglish) / Blatant disregard of the basic rules of the English/Chinese language and/or English/Chinese writing, which is totally unacceptable→ctw], comm], lcwt], ltte], chth], ubdr], bdbr], drlw], bldi], dlr], dwr]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: Perfunctory, careless, or shoddy work / Irresponsible, “literal” translation of the original→pewo], cawo], shwo], irtr], litr]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: Unforgivable carelessness/inaccuracy→unca], unin], unfo]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: Failed to sign the work/assignment→fsw], fsa], wns], ans], nona], fswf, fsaf, wnsf, ansf, nonaf
Source text analysis: →sta], soan]
Source text analysis: Please carefully and clearly analyze the deep structure of the original.→pads], adso], dest]
Source text analysis: Inaccurate comprehension of the original→ico], incon]
Source text analysis: Mistranslation→mitr]
Source text analysis: Misunderstanding of the original→muo], mior], miun]
Spelling: Wrong spelling→wrsp], spel]
Spelling: Wrongly written Chinese character(s)→wwcc], cc]
Spelling: Do spell check anything you write down and make sure that no spelling errors exist in anything you submit or send. Form the good habit of always keeping the spelling-check switch in your word processor (e.g. MS Word) turned on.→spch], ksso], toss]
^… Syntax: An article is missing here.→armi], miar]
^… Syntax: A preposition is missing here.→prmi], mipr]
^… Syntax: A reflexive pronoun is missing here.→rpm]
^… Syntax: Incomplete sentence / Please use complete, explicit expressions.→inse], ufs], uce], uex], exex]
^… Syntax: The subject of the sentence is missing.→sumi], ssm]
Syntax: →syn], synt]
Syntax: Dangling modifier(s)→damo], dang]
Syntax: English is predominantly a centrifugal or right-branching language, so do avoid using premodification by adjectives, nouns, etc, where postmodification by prepositional phrases, participial constructions, relative clauses, etc, should be used or is preferred. {A centrifugal language is one in which heads [名词短语的中心词] come before their dependents, i.e. the movement in the phrase is “away from” its syntactic center. It is different from a centripetal language, in which heads come after their dependents, i.e. the movement in the phrase is “towards” its syntactic center. A right-branching language is one in which right-branching structures dominate. It is different from a left-branching language, in which left-branching structures dominate. Right-branching structures are those in which heads successfully precede their dependents. E.g. in people living in London, the last element London is the dependent of in, these in turn depend on living, that in turn depends on people. They are so called from the configuration of branches in a phrase structure tree, e.g. that represented by the bracketing [people [living [in London]]]. Left-branching structures are those in which dependents successfully precede their heads. E.g. in very tightly controlled policy, controlled depends on and precedes the head noun policy, tightly in turn depends on and precedes controlled, and very depends on and precedes tightly. They are so called from the configuration of branches in a phrase structure tree, e.g. that represented by the bracketing [[[very tightly] controlled] policy]. (Based on centrifugal vs centripetal, left-branching, and right-branching. In Matthews, P.H. [2000]. Oxford Concise Dictionary of Linguistics. 上海：上海外语教育. xii+410 pp.}→aupp], pomo], prmo], popr], prpo], cela], cefu], cepe], rbl], lbl], rbs], lbs], ribr], lebr]
Syntax: Misplaced modifier(s)→mimo], mipl], mpm]
Syntax: Please avoid using too many passive constructions.→autc], paco]
Syntax: Please choose a proper subject for this sentence.→cpss], suse], subj]
Syntax/Semantics: What are the semantic, logic, or deep-structure relationships between the various items in this construction/sentence? Can you really link up these items meaningfully or unequivocally simply by using a string of prepositions (like “of”)? Think carefully before rewriting this jumbled, sematically ill-formed construction/sentence.→dsr], rbvi], srbi], lrbi], dsri], sifc], sifs], ifs], stp], wuop], cuop], rws], rss], rwjs], rsjs], rewr], rest], syse], juse]
Syntax: Run-on sentence (串句)→ros], ruon], chju]
Syntax: Source phrase/sentence’s structure wrongly analyzed, resulting in a misinterpretation of the meaning of the phrase/sentence→spsa], sssa], sswa], swa], miin]
Syntax: Wrong Chinese construction/syntax→cosyc], wcc], wcs]
Syntax: Wrong Chinese construction/syntax – The object of a transitive verb is missing / the attributive of an object is mistaken for the object itself.→otvm], obmi], miob], aomi], atob]
Syntax: Wrong Chinese sentence structure→wcss], css]
Syntax: Wrong construction/syntax→cosy], wrcon], wrsy]
Syntax: Wrong construction/syntax―Reconstruct the sentence, using as the object of the predicator (谓语动词) either a non-finite clause (e.g. “By equivalence is meant a target text fulfilling the same communicative function or effect as the source text, or a target language item fulfilling the same communicative function or effect as its counterpart in the source text.”) or a relative clause (e.g. “Equivalence refers to the condition or instances in which a target text fulfills the same communicative function or effect as the source text, or a target language item fulfills the same communicative function or effect as its counterpart in the source text.”) If you opt for a relative clause, you need to grope for (through abstract thinking) and use a correct category word (such as “condition” or “instances”) for the grammatical antecedent which the relative pronoun refers to.→rsuc], obpr], nfc], recl], gfur], gran], cawor], gran]
Syntax: Wrong construction/syntax―Confusing a preposition with the infinitive marker “to”→prin], infi], inma], cpim]
Syntax: Wrong construction and unclear meaning→wcum], come]
Syntax: Wrong sentence structure→wss], wrst], stru], ss]
Syntax: Wrong sentence structure and unclear meaning→wssm], ssm], stme]
Syntax: Wrong sentence subject / Wrong agent of the action denoted by the verb in the predicate→wsst], wrsu], wrag]
Syntax: Wrong use of connective(s) (mistaking a preposition, a pronoun, a determiner, an adverb, etc. for a conjunction, or a conjunction for a preposition, a pronoun, a determiner, an adverb, etc.)→wuc], conn], conj], prepo], pron], det], dete]
Syntax: Wrong use of pronouns→wupn], wrprn]
Syntax: Wrong use of relative pronouns→wurp], repro]
Syntax: Wrong use of reciprocal pronouns→wurpr], repron], reci]
Syntax: Wrong word order→wwo], woor]
Target text generating: →ttg]
Target text generating: Inaccurate translation→iat], inac]
Target text generating: Loss of information→loin]
Target text generating: Misleading translation→mlt], mitr]
Target text generating: Needs adaptation→nead]
Target text generating: Needs annotation→nean]
Target text generating: Needs back-translation→nbt]
Target text generating: Needs contextual amplification→nca]
Target text generating: Needs generalization→nege]
Target text generating: Needs paraphrase→npp], paph]
Target text generating: Needs sentence merging→nsm], seme]
Target text generating: Needs sentence splitting→nss], sesp]
Target text generating: Needs shift of perspective→nsp]
Target text generating: Needs specification→nesp]
Target text generating: Under-translation (overloaded translation)→untr]
Target text generating: Overloaded translation (under-translation)→olt]
Technics/mechanics: →tech]
Terminology: →ter]
Terminology: I cannot find this phrase in the literature. Are you sure this is the right term?→rite], pnfl]
Terminology: Inconsistent use of terms→icut], ictu]
Terminology: Key concepts/terms cannot be used without being defined first.→tede], code], kcwd], ktwd]
Terminology: Term wrongly translated as a non-term or vice versa→twtn], teno], note], twtnf, tenof, notef
Terminology: Wrong term or inconsistent use of terms→term], wrte], iut], itu]
Textual structure: →test], text]
Textual structure: Inappropriate organization of ideas→ioi], orid], orga]
Textual structure: Incoherent→inco], incot]
Textual structure: Incohesive→incoh], incoe]
Textual structure: Please add a short introductory or explanatory paragraph here. / Please add an introductory paragraph between a heading and a subheading.→aip], aep], inpa], expa]
Textual structure: Please convert all hypertext links to real hyperlinks.→chrh], hyte], hyli]
Textual structure: Please rewrite/restructure this paragraph.→rwp], rsp]
Textual structure: Please use near deictic word(s).→undw], nede]
Textual structure: Please use remote deictic word(s).→urdw], rede]
Textual structure: Referent of the pronoun unclear or wrongly identified / Anaphoric reference ambiguous→rpu], rpuc], prre], aru], anre], anap]
Textual structure: Reference unclear→ruc], reun]
Textual structure: Start a new sentence here.→sns], nsh], nese]
Textual structure: This and the next paragraphs should be combined into one paragraph.→tnpp]
Textual structure: This is a repetitious sentence/paragraph. Rewrite it to avoid repetition. / This is a weak/boring/empty paragraph/statement. Rewrite to flesh it out.→rese], repa], repe], rar]; wepa], west], bopa], bost], empa], emst], rfo], flou], repe]
Textual structure: Wrong connective→wrconn], wrcoe]
Textual structure: Wrong focus of information resulting from inappropriate syntactic structure(s)→wfis], wfi], foin]
Textual structure: The focus of the original message was unjustifiably/wrongly changed.→fomc], fome], fuc], fwc]
Textual structure: Wrong/inappropriate organization of ideas/information→woii], ioii], idin], orga]
Textual Structure: Wrong/inappropriate use of demonstrative(s)→wid], wrde], demo]
Textual structure: Wrong paragraph order / This paragraph or these paragraphs do not belong here; think carefully where it/they should be positioned.→wpo], pwo], pnbh]
The overall structure and format of your thesis: For detailed information about the structure and format of your thesis, please carefully read/consult the Department of English’s style guides: (1)《本科学位论文写作规范》(The Department of English’s Instructions on the Preparation of BA Thesis [mht]); (2)《翻译硕士 (MTI) 学位论文写作规范》(The Department of English’s Instructions on the Preparation of MTI Thesis [htm]); (3)《南京大学外国语学院英语系英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学专业语言学、翻译学、词典学方向硕博士学位论文写作规范》(The Instructions for NJU English Linguistics/Translation/Lexicography Majors on the Preparation of Theses and Dissertations [pdf]); and Instructions for the Preparation of MA Theses & PhD Dissertations [htm].→osft], ovfo], stfo], thfo], dei], ndgf], wygf]
Typography: →ty], typ], typo]
Typography: A hard carriage return is missing here.→hcrm], mhcr]
Typography: Avoid using the Automatic First Line Indent, Automatic Numbering, and Automatic Bullet functions of MS Word, as the first line indents, numbers, and bullets inserted by Word are volatile: they look apparently good but may easily get lost when you change the style of a paragraph where these effects are applied or when you copy a paragraph thus formatted into other applications (e.g. PowerPoint, Notepad, etc.) for processing. So do form the good habit of pressing the tab key to manually insert a tab (→) to indent the first line of each body text paragraph and using a real number (1, 2, etc.) or bullet (■, ●, etc.) to start a numbered or bulleted paragraph instead of letting MS Word number or bullet it for you. You need also to make the following adjustments in MS Word to prevent these effects from being automatically applied in Word: (1) Press the shortcut key “Alt, t, a” to bring up the “AutoCorrect” (自动更正) dialog box. (2) Uncheck the “Automatically indent the first line of a paragraph” box in both the “AutoFormat (自动套用格式)” card and the “AutoFormat while typing” (键入时自动套用格式) card to prevent MS Word from automatically indent the first line of each body text paragraph for you. (3) Uncheck the “(Apply automatically when typing) An automatic numbered list” and “(Apply automatically when typing) An automatic bulleted list” boxes in the “AutoFormat while typing” (键入时自动套用格式) card to prevent MS Word from automatically numbering or bulleting a paragraph for you.→auaf], auco], aufo], afli], auin], anl], aunu], abl], aubu]
Typography: Don’t use a hyphen or hyphens for a dash.→hyda], dash], wrda]
Typography: Don’t use a Chinese hyphen/dash for an English hyphen/dash or vice versa.→cheh], cdeh], wrhy], chhy], chda], enhy], enda]
Typography: Font size too large→fstl], fola], ftl]
Typography: Font size too small→fsts], fosm], fts]
Typography: Format chapter and section headings in bigger and boldface type.→fhbb], csh], chhe], sehe], hbbt], hea], bity], bifo], boty], bofo]
Typography: Have you previewed this (and other) pages? Do they look right? Readjust the space above the top line and/or below the last line of the text on this page and, if needed, the space between different sections or subsections of the entire text so that the page and text layouts of this paper/thesis/translation are appropriate and good.→prev], plg], resp], rsab], sab], spab], spbe], pasp], ptl], pala], tela], mosp], apla]
Typography: Is the format of this and similar paragraphs in this text right? Please consult the Department of English’s style guides to find out: (1)《本科学位论文写作规范》(The Department of English’s Instructions on the Preparation of BA Thesis [mht]); (2)《翻译硕士 (MTI) 学位论文写作规范》(The Department of English’s Instructions on the Preparation of MTI Thesis [htm]); (3)《南京大学外国语学院英语系英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学专业语言学、翻译学、词典学方向硕博士学位论文写作规范》(The Instructions for NJU English Linguistics/Translation/Lexicography Majors on the Preparation of Theses and Dissertations [pdf]); and Instructions for the Preparation of MA Theses & PhD Dissertations [htm].→ifr], pafo], fori], stgu], fbq], bqf], bqfr], blqu]
Typography: Normally there should be at least one blank line above each heading or subheading. The paragraph style of this blank line should be the same as or one or two levels lower than that of the heading/subheading itself.→blan], blli], lihe], sblh], bls]
Typography: Please add a tab at the beginning of each paragraph.→atbp], tapa]
Typography: Please align the original and the translation.→aot], alco], alpa], ktcf], cltef], drsf] drblf], drcrf], aotf]
Typography: Capitalize anything that should be capitalized→cap]
Typography: Please capitalize anything that should be capitalized and use lower case letters for anything that should not be capitalized.→capi], noca], lcl]
Typography: Please center this heading/title/paragraph and similar headings/titles/paragraphs in the entire text.→cehe], ceti], cepa], cent]
Typography: Please delete all hard carriage returns within every heading paragraph. To control the line spacing of a long heading paragraph, readjust the line spacing of the paragraph.→dhcr], care]
Typography: Please delete all redundant spaces in this text.→resp], dars], desp], drs]
Typography: Please delete this blank line here and in similar places elsewhere.→dbl], dblh], deli]
Typography: Please flush this heading/title/paragraph left.→flle], left]
Typography: Please flush this heading/title/paragraph right.→flri], righ]
Typography: Please insert a blank line here and in similar places elsewhere.→ibl], blh]
Typography: Please insert a period here and in similar places elsewhere.→inpe], iph], peri]
Typography: Please insert a space here and in similar places elsewhere.→insa], onsp], spac]
Typography: Please insert a space before and after a dash.→spda], sbad]
Typography: Please insert a tab here and in similar places elsewhere.→inta], onta], tab]
Typography: Please insert two spaces here and in similar places elsewhere.→its], twsp]
Typography: Please insert the Table of Contents (TOC) here.→ith], itoc]
Typography: A Word document’s TOC must be inserted by Word automatically based on the various heading paragraphs in the document; never insert a fake TOC by hand-typing its content. To insert a TOC, ensure that each heading paragraph (chapter title, section title, etc.) in the document is assigned a heading style corresponding to its heading level (Heading 1, Heading 2, Heading 3, etc.), click in Word “Insert > References > Index and TOC > TOC > OK”.→toc], ibwa], fato], htto], into]
Typography: Please insert two tabs here and in similar places elsewhere.→itt], twta]
Typography: Please italicize anything that should be italicized and DON’T italicize anything that should not be italicized.→ital], diai], doit]
Typography: Wronly centered paragraph / Please justify the paragraph.→jupa], just], wcp], wrce]
Typography: Please keep the text clean and flowing by deleting all redundant spaces, tabs, hard carriage returns, blank lines, and page/section breaks.→ktc], ktf], clte], flte], drbl], drcr]
Typography: Please parenthesize anything that should be parenthesized (e.g. the date of publication of an item in the Reference list of a paper or thesis formated in the APA style).→patcd], pare], dop]
Typography: Please reduce the space above this/these paragraph(s). / Please delete the redundant hard carriage returns above this/these paragraph(s).→rsap], drhe], resp], dere]
Typography: Please reduce the space between two subheadings.→rsts], rsth], sphe], spsu]
Typography: Please start a new paragraph here and wherever needed or applicalble throughout the document.→snp], snph], nph], nepa], nepar], nepah], npwn], npwa]
Typography: Please start a new page or section here and in similar positions elsewhere in this document by inserting a page or section break. / Insert a page break or section break instead of a number of hard carriage returns to “push” a paragraph down to a new page.→snpa], snsh], nepag], page], sect], ipb], isb], pabr], sebr]
Typography: Please use “Heading 1” (“Heading 2,” “Heading 3,” etc.) style for all level one (level two, level three, etc) headings. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+1 (2, 3, etc.) [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install in Word 2003 and Word 2007: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm; How to Install in Word 2019 and Later: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstallInWord2019.doc]}→head], thhe], biti]
Typography: Please use “Normal” style for all Latin-based body text paragraphs (西文正文段落) in most writing tasks. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+N [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→norm], xwzw]
Typography: Please use “Chinese” style for all Chinese body text paragraphs (中文正文段落) in most writing tasks. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+C [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→chin], zwzw]
Typography: Please use “Indent” style for block quotations in most writing tasks. Insert an “Indent”-styled blank line above and below each block quotation. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+I [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→inde]
Typography: Please use “Hanging Indent” style for numbered or bulleted block quotations in most writing tasks. Insert a “Hanging Indent”-styled blank line above and below each numbered or bulleted block quotation. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+H [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→hain], hang]
Typography: Please use “BibIndent” style for reference items in a reference list in most writing tasks. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+B [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→bib], biin]
Typography: Please use “TableLabel” style for labels of tables and figures in most writing tasks. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Alt+Shift+T [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→tala], fila]
Typography: Please use “TableText” style for texts in tables and figures in most writing tasks. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+T [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→tate], fite]
Typography: Please use “Thesis/Letter” style for all body text paragraphs in a letter or an academic thesis. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+L [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→thle], thno], lett]
Typography: You may use “Heading 2NJU” style for all level two headings in your thesis.→h2nu], h2n], nuh2]
Typography: You may use “Heading 3NJU” style for all level three headings in your thesis.→h3nu], h3n], nuh3]
Typography: Please use “ThesisBibIndent” style for references in the reference list. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Alt+Shift+B [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→tbi]
Typography: Please use “ThesisIndent” style for block quotations in a thesis. There should be a “ThesisIndent”-styled blank line above and below each block quotation. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Alt+Shift+I [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→thin], tbq], tibq]
Typography: Please use “ThesisHangingIndent” style for numbered or bulleted block quotations in a thesis. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Alt+Shift+H [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→thi]
Typography: To juxtapose texts, insert a table (表格) and type into different cells (单元格) of the table texts that are meant to be juxtaposed; never insert a new section (节) in which a text is displayed (only in the Page Layout mode) in two, three, or more columns (分栏). A multi-column section can only be used for homogeneous (same-type) texts. Heterogeneous (not-of-the-same-type) texts cannot be juxtaposed in a multi-column section without the insertion of hard carriage returns wherever it seems necessary. That causes unclean text and, what is worse, any deletion from or addition to the original text may disrupt the apparently juxtaposed columns, forcing the reviser to insert new and/or delete existing hard carriage returns.→jute], usta], dums], tmcs]
Typography: Use CAPITAL letter(s) here and in similar places elsewhere. / Capitalize the initial letter(s) of this/these word(s).→ucl], cale]
Typography: Use lower-case letters here and in similar places elsewhere.→ull], lole], smfo]
Typography: Use bold letters here and in similar places elsewhere. / All the text on this page should appear in boldface.→ubl], bole], bofa], bold], atib], atop]
Typography: Use italic letters here and in similar places elsewhere.→uil], itle], ita]
Typography: Use bold and italic letters here and in similar places elsewhere.→ubil], bil], boit]
Typography: Use font “Arial / 黑体” (bold) for all headings and subheadings. (For numerals in them use only font “Arial”.) Use font “Times New Roman / 宋体” for all normal paragraphs. (For numerals in them use only font “Times New Roman”.) Use font “Arial / 等线” for all block quotation paragraphs. (For numerals in them use only font “Arial”.)→font], hefo], npfo], bqfo], tiso], arhe], tnr], time], aria], soti], heti], mate], hesu], arka], kati], bloc]
Typography: Use styles in a consistent way. / Check to ensure that throughout the document the same font and paragraph styles are used for all headings and subheadings of the same level, and for all paragraphs of the same type in the body text.→uscw], sast], cost], stco], heco], teco], cowa], sale], saty], safo], sapa], sft], sps], sfps]
Typography: Why does this paragraph / do these paragraphs end with a soft carriage return instead of a hard one?→wper], scr], hcr]
Typography: Why is the line spacing of this paragraph different from that of the other paragraphs in the body text?→wlsd], wlsp], lsbt], bote]
Typography: Wrong heading level. Please use “Heading 0,” “Heading 7,” “Heading 8,” or “Heading 9” style for all headings that are not expected to appear in the Table of Contents (TOC). The font size of such headings may be readjusted according to needs. {Keyboard shortcut in Ke Ping’s MS Word Default Global Template: Ctrl+Shift+0 (7, 8, 9) [Template Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; How to Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm]}→whl], hele], head0], head7], head8], head9]
Typography: Wrong line spacing―Use single line or 11.6 pt. spacing for all headings.→wrli], wls], lisp], sls]
Typography: Wrong font size→wrfs] , fosi], wrsi], wfs]
Typography: Wrong typeface (字体)→wrtf], wrty], tyfa], wrfo]
Typography: Wrong paragraph style for this paragraph (and other paragraphs in this section) / Wrong paragraph style for all items in this section.→wps], para], wpsi]
Usage: →usa]
Usage: Wrong usage→wrus], usag]
Use of reference tools: →urt], uort]
Use of reference tools: Avoid using unreliable reference tools.→auut], urrt], unto]
Use of reference tools: Insufficient/careless use of glossaries, specialized dictionaries, and encyclopedias→iuge], cuge], glos], ency]
Use of reference tools: Insufficient/careless use of monolingual dictionaries→iumd], cumd], dict], mld], modi]
Use of reference tools: Insufficient/careless use of quality reference tools→iurt], inus]
Use of reference tools: Please consult a quality native corpus (such as British National Corpus [BYU-BNC: http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc/]. or The Corpus of Contemporary American English [COCA: http://www.americancorpus.org/].).→pcqc], ccnc], qnc], naco], bnc], coca]
Use of reference tools: Please consult a quality reference tool.→pcqr] , cqrt] , qrt]
Use of reference tools: Please consult a reliable dictionary or handbook of personal names.→pena], cdpn]
Use of reference tools: Please consult a reliable dictionary or handbook of place names.→plna], cdpna]
Viewing modes: When working in MS Word, you should usually use “Normal view” instead of “Page Layout view” for displaying and editing a document (except when you work with, say, long tables and some special graphics), because under that view you can use the space on the screen more efficiently, page up and down more rapidly and, more importantly, readily check if the style of a paragraph (including a heading paragraph) is right by looking at the style name of the paragraph in the style area at the left of the Word window (for that purpose you need to keep the style area shown in the Word window by increasing its width from “0” to, say, “1.2 cm” in “Tools\Options\View” in MS Word 2003 and “Tools\Options\Advanced” in MS Word 2007). / Do see to it that MS Word’s viewing mode is “Normal” instead of “Page Layout” before a working document is saved.→vimo], novi], pavi], plv], saw], chst], ksas] ssa]
Way of thinking: →wot]
Way of thinking: Chinglish→chen]
Way of thinking: Please don’t think in Chinese and then translate what you thought into English. Do think in English!→dtce], then], wath]
Way of thinking: Thinking unclear→tuc], uct], unth]
Wrong: →wro], wron]
General Problems
Attitude/approach: Empty, vague, or senseless expression/statement, which should never appear in a piece of serious writing→emex], emst], vaex], vast], vagu], seex], empt], sele]
Attitude/approach: Read the original again carefully.→roac], reag], reca], roa], roc]
Attitude/approach: The texts you write and your translations tell MANY, MANY things about you―not just your language proficiency and professional expertise, but also the general quality of the education/training you received, your sense of structure and direction, your ability to apply common sense and make rational judgments/conclusions on the basis of facts and their interrelationships, your personal habits and specific (for good or bad) ways of doing things, your moral and aesthetic values, your commitment to work and your sense of responsibility for people you are related to in one way or another (including those whom you submit this text to for reading), ... Your texts tell what kind of person you really are in a manner more subtle and forceful than you can imagine. So do be VERY SERIOUS AND CONSCIENTIOUS about the quality of your work and go to any lengths to ensure that your writings or translations are right and good in BOTH CONTENT AND FORM.→ttmy], wrtr], lppe], qued], qutr], sest], aacs], amri], raju], raco], peha], wdt], mova], aeva], ctyw], srp], kipe], sufo], seri], quwo], qual], rigo], cofo], atapg], adwg]
Attitude/approach: The texts you write and your general attitude towards writing (in your case, translation as well) tell MANY, MANY things about you―not just your language proficiency and academic or professional expertise, but also the general quality of the education/training you received, your sense of structure and direction, your ability to apply common sense and make rational judgments/conclusions on the basis of facts and their interrelationships, your personal habits and specific (for good or bad) ways of doing things, your moral and aesthetic values, your commitment to work and your sense of responsibility for people you are related to in one way or another, including, of course, those whom you submit this text and all its follow-ups (detailed outline, 1st draft, 2nd draft … final version, etc.) to for reading, reviewing, or other forms of quality control of your thesis work (including, but not limited to, your advisor, me, the internal or external “blind” reviewers, experts commissioned by the central or provincial governments to spot-check your completed thesis, etc.). Your texts tell what kind of person you really are in a manner more subtle and forceful than you can claim or imagine. So do be VERY SERIOUS AND CONSCIENTIOUS about the quality of your work and go to any lengths to ensure that your writings or, where applicable, translations, are right and good in BOTH CONTENT AND FORM.→wrth], thwr], atapt], adwt]
Attitude/approach: What this paragraph/sentence means is not at all clear. Is it a machine translation or your own literal translation of some Chinese text? Please write, don’t translate and/or plagiarize.→mnac], ltct], mtct], plwr], dotr], dtp]
Loose or misrepresented structure(s): Totally unacceptable loose syntactic, textual and/or semantic structure(s) / Gross misrepresentation of the syntactic, textual and/or semantic structure(s) of the original→lms], tuls], unlo], gmso], gms], grmi]
Same problem: Global correction is needed for this error/mistake. / Please correct this error of fact / untrue statement / wrong or inappropriate expression, usage, or format in the entire text.→gcne], gcnm], ceet], cmet], ente], glco], glre]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: Did not make due efforts to analyze the original systematically and comprehend it thoroughly→dnmt], aos], cot], asct], syan], thco]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: Loose Chinese way of thinking and irresponsible, “literal” translation of what you thought in Chinese into incorrect English (Chinglish) / Blatant disregard of the basic rules of the English/Chinese language and/or English/Chinese writing, which is totally unacceptable→ctw], comm], lcwt], ltte], chth], ubdr], bdbr], drlw], bldi], dlr], dwr]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: Perfunctory, careless, or shoddy work / Irresponsible, “literal” translation of the original→pewo], cawo], shwo], irtr], litr]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: Unforgivable carelessness/inaccuracy→unca], unin], unfo]
Sense of responsibility and commitment to work: Failed to sign the work/assignment→fsw], fsa], wns], ans], nona], fswf, fsaf, wnsf, ansf, nonaf
Grammatical Problems
Agreement: This verb requires an animate subject.→ansu], vras]
Morphology: Noun countable or uncountable?→ncu], coun], numb]
Morphology: Noun singular or plural in number? / Should a singular or plural noun be used here?→nspn], sipl], spn], spnh]
Morphology: Reference of the noun phrase definite or indefinite? / Should a definite or indefinite article be used here?→rndi], rdi], dein], dear], inar], arti]
Morphology: Verb transitive or intransitive?→vti], tran]
Morphology: Wrong article use. Please consult your English grammar books for correct ways to use the definite article.→wau], awu], cwua]
Morphology: Wrong mood or modal auxiliary verb→wrmo], mood]
Morphology: Wrong subjunctive form or construction. Consult your English grammar books for correct ways to put a clause in the subjunctive (mood).→wsf], wsc], wsm], sumo]
Morphology: Wrong part of speech→wpsp], pos]
Morphology: Wrong basic tense for this paragraph/section―Use the past tense for past events.→pate], past], wbt]
Morphology: Wrong tense→wrten], tens]
Morphology: Inconsistent use of tense→iut], intee]
Morphology: Wrong use of participles / Should a present participle or past participle be used here?→part], wup], ppp], prpa], papa], wrpa]
^… Syntax: An article is missing here.→armi], miar]
^… Syntax: A preposition is missing here.→prmi], mipr]
^… Syntax: Incomplete sentence / Please use complete, explicit expressions.→inse], ufs], uce], uex], exex]
Syntax: Dangling modifier(s)→damo], dang]
Syntax: English is predominantly a centrifugal or right-branching language, so do avoid using premodification by adjectives, nouns, etc, where postmodification by prepositional phrases, relative clauses, etc, should be used or is preferred. {A centrifugal language is one in which heads [名词短语的中心词] come before their dependents, i.e. the movement in the phrase is “away from” its syntactic center. It is different from a centripetal language, in which heads come after their dependents, i.e. the movement in the phrase is “towards” its syntactic center. A right-branching language is one in which right-branching structures dominate. It is different from a left-branching language, in which left-branching structures dominate. Right-branching structures are those in which heads successfully precede their dependents. E.g. in people living in London, the last element London is the dependent of in, these in turn depend on living, that in turn depends on people. They are so called from the configuration of branches in a phrase structure tree, e.g. that represented by the bracketing [people [living [in London]]]. Left-branching structures are those in which dependents successfully precede their heads. E.g. in very tightly controlled policy, controlled depends on and precedes the head noun policy, tightly in turn depends on and precedes controlled, and very depends on and precedes tightly. They are so called from the configuration of branches in a phrase structure tree, e.g. that represented by the bracketing [[[very tightly] controlled] policy]. (Based on centrifugal vs centripetal, left-branching, and right-branching. In Matthews, P.H. [2000]. Oxford Concise Dictionary of Linguistics. 上海：上海外语教育. xii+410 pp.}→aupp], pomo], prmo], popr], prpo], cela], cefu], cepe], rbl], lbl], rbs], lbs], ribr], lebr]
Syntax: Misplaced modifier(s)→mimo], mipl], mpm]
Syntax: Please choose a proper subject for this sentence.→cpss], suse], subj]
Syntax/Semantics: What are the semantic, logic, or deep-structure relationships between the various items in this construction/sentence? Can you really link up these items meaningfully or unequivocally simply by using a string of prepositions (like “of”)? Think carefully before rewriting this jumbled, sematically ill-formed construction/sentence.→dsr], rbvi], srbi], lrbi], dsri], sifc], sifs], ifs], stp], wuop], cuop], rws], rss], rwjs], rsjs], rewr], rest], syse], juse]
Syntax: Run-on sentence (串句)→ros], ruon], chju]
Syntax: Source phrase/sentence’s structure wrongly analyzed, resulting in a misinterpretation of the meaning of the phrase/sentence→spsa], sssa], sswa], swa], miin]
Syntax: Wrong Chinese construction/syntax→cosyc], wcc], wcs]
Syntax: Wrong Chinese construction/syntax – The object of a transitive verb is missing / the attributive of an object is mistaken for the object itself.→otvm], obmi], miob], aomi], atob]
Syntax: Wrong construction/syntax→cosy], wrcon], wrsy]
Syntax: Wrong construction/syntax―Reconstruct the sentence, using as the object of the predicator (谓语动词) either a non-finite clause (e.g. “By equivalence is meant a target text fulfilling the same communicative function or effect as the source text, or a target language item fulfilling the same communicative function or effect as its counterpart in the source text.”) or a relative clause (e.g. “Equivalence refers to the condition or instances in which a target text fulfills the same communicative function or effect as the source text, or a target language item fulfills the same communicative function or effect as its counterpart in the source text.”) If you opt for a relative clause, you need to grope for (through abstract thinking) and use a correct category word (such as “condition” or “instances”) for the grammatical antecedent which the relative pronoun refers to.→rsuc], obpr], nfc], recl], gfur], gran], cawor], gran]
Syntax: Wrong construction/syntax―Confusing a preposition with the infinitive marker “to”→prin], infi], inma], cpim]
Syntax: Wrong sentence structure and unclear meaning→wssm], ssm], stme]
Syntax: Wrong use of connective(s) (mistaking a preposition, a pronoun, a determiner, an adverb, etc. for a conjunction, or a conjunction for a preposition, a pronoun, a determiner, an adverb, etc.)→wuc], conn], conj], prepo], pron], det], dete]
Syntax: Wrong use of relative pronouns→wurp], repro]
Syntax: Wrong use of reciprocal pronouns→wurpr], repron], reci]
Syntax: Wrong word order→wwo], woor]
Textual Problems
Target text generating: Needs sentence merging→nsm], seme]
Target text generating: Needs sentence splitting→nss], sesp]
Textual structure: Incoherent→inco], incot]
Textual structure: Incohesive→incoh], incoe]
Textual structure: Loose sentence/discourse structure. Add appropriate cohesive ties / contextual transitions (connective expressions, sentences, etc.) here to reinforce the unity (cohesion and coherence) of discourse.→lss], lts], lds], lost], acts], rdu], coti], cotr], diun]
Textual structure: Please convert all hypertext links to real hyperlinks.→chrh], hyte], hyli]
Textual structure: Please rewrite/restructure this paragraph.→rwp], rsp]
Textual structure: Please use near deictic word(s).→undw], nede]
Textual structure: Please use remote deictic word(s).→urdw], rede]
Textual structure: Reference unclear→ruc], reun]
Textual structure: Referent of the pronoun unclear or wrongly identified / Anaphoric reference ambiguous→rpu], rpuc], prre], aru], anre], anap]
Textual structure: Start a new sentence here.→sns], nsh], nese]
Textual structure: Wrong focus of information resulting from inappropriate syntactic structure(s)→wfis], wfi], foin]
Textual structure: The focus of the original message was unjustifiably/wrongly changed.→fomc], fome], fuc], fwc]
Textual structure: Wrong/inappropriate organization of ideas/information→woii], ioii], idin], orga]
Textual Structure: Wrong/inappropriate use of demonstrative(s)→wid], wrde], demo]
Textual structure: Wrong paragraph order / This paragraph or these paragraphs do not belong here; think carefully where it/they should be positioned.→wpo], pwo], pnbh]
Semantic Problems
Semantics: Referential Meaning (RM) misunderstood, mistranslated, or inaccurately translated→rm], reme], rmm], rmmm]
Semantics: Pragmatic Meaning (PM) misunderstood, mistranslated, or inaccurately translated→pm], prme], pmm], pmmm]
Semantics: Intralingual Meaning (IM) misunderstood, mistranslated, or inaccurately translated→im], inme], imm], immm]
Semantics: Ambiguous expression/construction→amex], amco], ambi]
Semantics: Are there any differences in meaning between the singular and plural form of this word/phrase?→dmsw], spfw]
Semantics: Confusion of object/event→coe], obev]
Semantics: Improperly using a superordinate or hypernym (上义词) for a subordinate or hyponym (下义词), or vice versa→hyhy], supe], subo], hypo], uhfh]
Semantics: Making no sense / Meaning unclear―Please elucidate.→meun], muc], eluc], mns], sens], nosen]
Semantics: Meaning/referent unclear→mere], mru], uncl]
Semantics: Read the sentence(s) again to see if it/they makes/make sense.→rsas], rsa], mase]
Semantics: The semantic/deep structural relationships between the referents of the noun phrases in this phrase/sentence are unclear. Do identify/clarify these relationships before giving them a clear surface form (i.e. using a semantically transparent phrase/sentence to express them).→srru], dsru], sru], idre], clre], stps], setr]
Source text analysis: Please carefully and clearly analyze the deep structure of the original.→pads], adso], dest]
Target text generating: Loss of information→loin]
Target text generating: Misleading translation→mlt], mitr]
Target text generating: Needs adaptation→nead]
Target text generating: Needs annotation→nean]
Target text generating: Needs back-translation→nbt]
Target text generating: Needs contextual amplification→nca]
Target text generating: Needs generalization→nege]
Target text generating: Needs paraphrase→npp], paph]
Target text generating: Needs shift of perspective→nsp]
Target text generating: Needs specification→nesp]
Usage Problems
Collocation: Wrong/unidiomatic Chinese collocation→uicc], chco]
Collocation: Wrong/unidiomatic collocation→unco], uico], wrco]
Collocation: Wrong (use of) preposition(s)→wpu], wrpr], prep]
Diction: Catachresis [the use of a forced figure of speech, especially one that involves or seems to involve strong paradox比喻牵强; (表面) 似是而非的比喻, as, “blind mouths,” “Her voice was but the shadow of a sound.” (Young), and “To take arms against a sea of troubles”. (Shak.) (Based on W3 and W1913)]→cata], wufs], ffs], pfs]
Diction: Inappropriate/wrong word/phrase→iw], inwo], ww], wrwo]
Diction: Pompous→pomp]
Diction: Register (degree of formality) too high (improperly formal)→rth], tofo], rehi], form], fml]
Diction: Register (degree of formality) too low (improperly informal or colloquial)→rtl], toco], tolo], relo], info], infml]
Diction: Unnecessarily heavy→unhe], heav]
Diction: Wordy / Verbose→word], verb]
Diction: Word/phrase wrong in terms of its pragmatic meaning→wwpm], pwpm], wwp], pwp], wpm]
Idiomaticity: Awkward (生硬) / Unnatural→awkw], awwa], aw], unna]
Idiomaticity: Arbitrarily coined word/expression/construction→cowo], coex], coco], coin]
Idiomaticity: Arbitrarily coined Chinese word/expression/construction→ccw], cce], ccc], coinc]
Idiomaticity: Please use an adjective instead of a noun for an attributive here and in similar places elsewhere. Avoid using an noun in an attributive way whenever possible, e.g. write “evening news” (“evening” does not have an adjectival form), but “nightly news” instead of “night news”).→uain], atad], auna], adno], adje], uan], adat]
Idiomaticity: This verb requires an animate subject.→ansu], vras]
Idiomaticity: Unidiomatic Chinese expression/construction→uice], ucc], unch]
Idiomaticity: Unidiomatic expression/construction→uie], uic], unid], unex]
Idiomaticity: Wrong numeric expression→wne], nuex]
Terminology: Inconsistent use of terms→icut], ictu]
Terminology: Term wrongly translated as a non-term or vice versa→twtn], teno], note], twtnf, tenof, notef
Terminology: Wrong term or proper noun (proper name)→wrte], term], wpn], prno], prna]
Usage: Wrong usage→wrus], usag]
Knowledge Problems
Knowledge: Failed to internalize the core concepts of the course or subject field you are studying. Make an effort on your own account to make up the deficiency→ficc], icc], cocos], keco]
Knowledge: Failed to master the system of knowledge and/or basic methods of the course or subject field you are studying. Make an effort on your own account to make up the deficiency→fmkm], sykn], bame]
Knowledge: Faulty knowledge of English grammar / Serious deficiencies in your knowledge of English grammar. Remedy the deficiencies by intensive (re-)reading and careful consultation of quality grammar books.→fkeg], fagr], sdkg], degr], engr]
Knowledge: Lack of or insufficient common sense (knowledge about the real world)→cs], cose], rwk], lacs], ics], lkrw], ikrw]
Knowledge: Lack of or insufficient subject matter knowledge→smk], suma], lsmk], ismk]
Logical/Methodological Problems
Logic/Knowledge: Confounding (mixing up) generic and specific things→coth], mut], cgst], mugt], gesp]
Logic: Circular definition or argument→cide], ciar], cidef, ciarf
Logic: Contradictory to previous statement(s) / violation of the law of noncontradiction→cps], cont], laco], vln], noco]
Logic: Lack of consistency in defining paired concepts or items in the same semantic field→lcdf], loc], locd], cdpc], issf]
Logic: Wrong/arbitrary use of logical connectives→wulc], aulc]
Reasoning: Aristotle’s fallacy of the consequent—affirmation of the consequent→afco], cons]
Reasoning: Aristotle’s fallacy of the consequent—denial of the antecedent→dean], ante]
Reasoning: Begging the question / Circular argument (以假定作为论据来辩论; 武断; taking the form of tautology or arguing in a circle [i.e. stating or believing a fact to be its own reason])→bequ], qube], ciart], taut]
Reasoning: Card-stacking→cast]
Reasoning: Dubious authority→duau], auth]
Reasoning: Evidence?→evid]
Reasoning: Fallacy of arguing by analogy→faa], aran], anal]
Reasoning: Fallacy of illicit major/minor premise (term undistributed in the premise of a syllogism being distributed in the conclusion)→imp], prem], dist]
Reasoning: Fallacy of Post hoc ergo propter hoc (“after this, therefore because of this”)→fphh], phph], attt]
Reasoning: Hasty generalization→hage]
Reasoning: Illogical/irrational→illo], irra]
Reasoning: Lack of logic→lalo]
Reasoning: Non sequitur (“it does not follow” 推不出)→nose], nofo]
Reasoning: Overgeneralization→ovge]
Reasoning: Oversimplification→ovsi]
Reasoning: Weak argument→wear], argu]
Reasoning: Wrong comparison→wrcom], wrcf], comp], cf]
Way of thinking: Chinglish→chen]
Way of thinking: Please don’t think in Chinese and then translate what you thought into English. Do think in English!→dtce], then], wath]
Way of thinking: Thinking unclear→tuc], uct], unth]
Technical Problems
Abbreviation/Acronym: If a term or proper name has an abbreviation or acronym which you want to use in your text, do include the abbreviation or acronym in parentheses the first time the term or proper name is used. If a number of abbreviations or acronyms are used in a long text, provide a “List of Abbreviations/Acronyms” at the beginning of the text.→iaap], abbr], acro], paab], paac], laa]
Abstracts: Place the Chinese abstract of the thesis/paper before the English one if you write your thesis/paper in English and vice versa if you write your thesis/paper in Chinese.→pcae], peac], orab], chab], enab]
Abstracts: The propostional content of the Chinese and English abstracts of a thesis/paper should be kept consistent with each other as well as with that of the body of the thesis, so revise by yourself the English abstract and the corresponding chapters and sections of the body text according to the Chinese abstract which I marked.→pckc], abst], cea], aic], coab]
Character set: For English texts and for numbers and Latin letters in Chinese texts, use characters from a Latin-based character set, e.g. “English / Western European / Other Latin Languages,” to ensure that these characters are displayed and printed in 半角字符, like “CAM, cam, 1, 2, 3, CAM, cam, 1, 2, 3, …”). Never use characters from a Chinese character set, e.g. the “Phonetic Symbols of the Chinese Pinyin” or “简体中文 (GB2312), which are either in 全角字符, like “ＣＡＭ, ＣＡＭ,１,２,３,１,２,３, …” or in 半角字符, but in a Chinese font, like “cam”.→chse], lase], lbcs], enle], ennu], lale], lanu], baji], bjqj], bjzf]
Documentation: Please consult “APA Style Lite for College Papers” by Dr. Abel Scribe, PhD (2009) (http://www.docstyles.com/apalite.htm) and “Publication Manual of the APA (6th ed.)” by the American Psychological Association (2010) (http://www.apa.org/books/) for the correct way to cite this and similar references (sources) in text and to reference them in the end-of-the-thesis reference list (“References”).→reap], apli], pma], apa6]
Documentation: Please give source(s) to avoid plagiarism.→avpl], giso], plag], sour], docu]
Documentation: Please list in the reference list (i.e. “References” at the end of your thesis/paper) ALL and ONLY sources you actually cited or quoted in your thesis/paper.→lrlt], reli], sacq], scq], alon], las], los], also], soci], soqo]
Grammar check: Do check anything you write down for grammatical correctness and make sure that no grammar mistakes exist in anything you submit or send. A grammar checker, either a stand-alone application or as a feature of a word processor (e.g. MS Word), might be of some help if you use it wisely.→grch], kgso], togs]
Numbers: Spell out numbers that can be expressed in one or two words and numbers that begin sentences. Use figures for numbers that need to be expressed in more than two words and numbers that appear in the following situations: days and years (e.g. A.D. 1776, February 6, 2010), addresses (e.g. 22 Hankou Rd.), identification numbers (e.g. Room 736, CCTV 9), page and division of books and plays (e.g. page 17, in Act II, Scene ii), decimals and percentages (e.g. a 4.2 average, 33.5 percent), large round numbers (e.g. two billion dollars [or] $2 billion, 32,300,000 [or] 32.3 million).→son], won], ufns], snso], snwo], sfu]
The overall structure and format of your thesis: For detailed information about the structure and format of your thesis, please carefully read/consult the Department of English’s style guides: (1)《本科学位论文写作规范》(The Department of English’s Instructions on the Preparation of BA Thesis [mht]); (2)《翻译硕士 (MTI) 学位论文写作规范》(The Department of English’s Instructions on the Preparation of MTI Thesis [htm]); (3)《南京大学外国语学院英语系英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学专业语言学、翻译学、词典学方向硕博士学位论文写作规范》(The Instructions for NJU English Linguistics/Translation/Lexicography Majors on the Preparation of Theses and Dissertations [pdf]); and Instructions for the Preparation of MA Theses & PhD Dissertations [htm].→osft], ovfo], stfo], thfo], dei], ndgf], wygf]
Punctuation: Don’t use English punctuation(s) for Chinese ones or vice versa.→enpu], chpu], epm], cpm], eqm], cqm]
Punctuation: Wrong punctuation(s) / Punctuation(s) missing→wrpu], pumi], punc]
Spelling: Wrong spelling→wrsp], spel]
Spelling: Wrongly written Chinese character(s)→wwcc], cc]
Spelling: Do spell check anything you write down and make sure that no spelling errors exist in anything you submit or send. Form the good habit of always keeping the spelling-check switch in your word processor (e.g. MS Word) turned on.→spch], ksso], toss]
Typography: Avoid using the Automatic First Line Indent, Automatic Numbering, and Automatic Bullet functions of MS Word, as the first line indents, numbers, and bullets inserted by Word are volatile: they look apparently good but may easily get lost when you change the style of a paragraph where these effects are applied or when you copy a paragraph thus formatted into other applications (e.g. PowerPoint, Notepad, etc.) for processing. So do form the good habit of pressing the tab key to manually insert a tab (→) to indent the first line of each body text paragraph and using a real number (1, 2, etc.) or bullet (■, ●, etc.) to start a numbered or bulleted paragraph instead of letting MS Word number or bullet it for you. You need also to make the following adjustments in MS Word to prevent these effects from being automatically applied in Word: (1) Press the shortcut key “Alt, t, a” to bring up the “AutoCorrect” (自动更正) dialog box. (2) Uncheck the “Automatically indent the first line of a paragraph” box in both the “AutoFormat (自动套用格式)” card and the “AutoFormat while typing” (键入时自动套用格式) card to prevent MS Word from automatically indent the first line of each body text paragraph for you. (3) Uncheck the “(Apply automatically when typing) An automatic numbered list” and “(Apply automatically when typing) An automatic bulleted list” boxes in the “AutoFormat while typing” (键入时自动套用格式) card to prevent MS Word from automatically numbering or bulleting a paragraph for you.→auaf], auco], aufo], afli], auin], anl], aunu], abl], aubu]
Typography: Don’t use a hyphen or hyphens for a dash.→hyda], dash], wrda]
Typography: Don’t use a Chinese hyphen/dash for an English hyphen/dash or vice versa.→cheh], cdeh], wrhy], chhy], chda], enhy], enda]
Typography: Font size too large→fstl], fola], ftl]
Typography: Font size too small→fsts], fosm], fts]
Typography: Format chapter and section headings in bigger and boldface type.→fhbb], csh], chhe], sehe], hbbt], hea], bity], bifo], boty], bofo]
Typography: Have you previewed this (and other) pages? Do they look right? Readjust the space above the top line and/or below the last line of the text on this page and, if needed, the space between different sections or subsections of the entire text so that the page and text layouts of this paper/thesis/translation are appropriate and good.→prev], plg], resp], rsab], sab], spab], spbe], pasp], ptl], pala], tela], mosp], apla]
Typography: Is the format of this and similar paragraphs in this text right? Please consult the Department of English’s style guides to find out: (1)《本科学位论文写作规范》(The Department of English’s Instructions on the Preparation of BA Thesis [mht]); (2)《翻译硕士 (MTI) 学位论文写作规范》(The Department of English’s Instructions on the Preparation of MTI Thesis [htm]); (3)《南京大学外国语学院英语系英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学专业语言学、翻译学、词典学方向硕博士学位论文写作规范》(The Instructions for NJU English Linguistics/Translation/Lexicography Majors on the Preparation of Theses and Dissertations [pdf]); and Instructions for the Preparation of MA Theses & PhD Dissertations [htm].→ifr], pafo], fori], stgu], fbq], bqf], bqfr], blqu]
Typography: Normally there should be at least one blank line above each heading or subheading. The paragraph style of this blank line should be the same as or one or two levels lower than that of the heading/subheading itself.→blan], blli], lihe], sblh], bls]
Typography: Please add a tab at the beginning of each paragraph.→atbp], tapa]
Typography: Please align the original and the translation.→aot], alco], alpa], ktcf], cltef], drsf] drblf], drcrf], aotf]
Typography: Please capitalize anything that should be capitalized and use lower case letters for anything that should not be capitalized.→capi], noca], lcl]
Typography: Please center this heading/title/paragraph and similar headings/titles/paragraphs in the entire text.→cehe], ceti], cepa], cent]
Typography: Please delete all hard carriage returns within every heading paragraph. To control the line spacing of a long heading paragraph, readjust the line spacing of the paragraph.→dhcr], care]
Typography: Please delete all redundant spaces in this text.→resp], dars], desp], drs]
Typography: Please delete this blank line here and in similar places elsewhere.→dbl], dblh], deli]
Typography: Please flush this heading/title/paragraph left.→flle], left]
Typography: Please flush this heading/title/paragraph right.→flri], righ]
Typography: Please insert a period here and in similar places elsewhere.→inpe], iph], peri]
Typography: Please insert a space here and in similar places elsewhere.→ios], onsp], spac]
Typography: Please insert a space before and after a dash.→spda], sbad]
Typography: Please insert a tab here and in similar places elsewhere.→inta], onta], tab]
Typography: Please insert two spaces here and in similar places elsewhere.→its], twsp]
Typography: Please insert two tabs here and in similar places elsewhere.→itt], twta]
Typography: Please italicize anything that should be italicized and DON’T italicize anything that should not be italicized.→ital], diai], doit]
Typography: Wronly centered paragraph / Please justify the paragraph.→jupa], just], wcp], wrce]
Typography: Please keep the text clean and flowing by deleting all redundant spaces, tabs, hard carriage returns, blank lines, and page/section breaks.→ktc], ktf], clte], flte], drbl], drcr]
Typography: Please reduce the space above this/these paragraph(s). / Please delete the redundant hard carriage returns above this/these paragraph(s).→rsap], drhe], resp], dere]
Typography: Please reduce the space between two subheadings.→rsts], rsth], sphe], spsu]
Typography: Please start a new paragraph here and wherever needed or applicalble throughout the document.→snp], snph], nph], nepa], nepar], nepah], npwn], npwa]
Typography: Please start a new page or section here and in similar positions elsewhere in this document by inserting a page or section break. / Insert a page break or section break instead of a number of hard carriage returns to “push” a paragraph down to a new page.→snpa], snsh], nepag], page], sect], ipb], isb], pabr], sebr]
Typography: Please use “Heading 1” (and “Heading 2,” “Heading 3,” etc.) Style [Shortcut key in Ke Ping’s MS Word default global template (Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm: Ctrl+Shift+1 (2, 3, etc.)] for all level one (level two, level three, etc) headings in most writing tasks. But for level two and level three headings in an academic thesis, use “Heading 2NJU” Style and “Heading 3NJU” Style respectively.→head], thhe]
Typography: Please use “Normal” Style [Shortcut key in Ke Ping’s MS Word default global template (Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm: Ctrl+Shift+N] for all Latin-based body text paragraphs (西文正文段落) in most writing tasks.→norm], xwzw]
Typography: Please use “Chinese” Style [Shortcut key in Ke Ping’s MS Word default global template (Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm: Ctrl+Shift+C] for all Chinese body text paragraphs (中文正文段落) in most writing tasks.→chin], zwzw]
Typography: Please use “Indent” Style [Shortcut key in Ke Ping’s MS Word default global template (Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm: Ctrl+Shift+I] for block quotations in most writing tasks. Insert an “Indent”-styled blank line above and below each block quotation.→inde]
Typography: Please use “BibIndent” (hanging indent) Style [Shortcut key in Ke Ping’s MS Word default global template (Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm: Ctrl+Shift+B] for references in a reference list in most writing tasks.→bib], biin]
Typography: Please use “TableLabel” Style [Shortcut key in Ke Ping’s MS Word default global template (Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm: Ctrl+Alt+Shift+T] for labels of tables and figures in most writing tasks.→tala], fila]
Typography: Please use “TableText” Style [Shortcut key in Ke Ping’s MS Word default global template (Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm: Ctrl+Shift+T] for texts in tables and figures in most writing tasks.→tate], fite]
Typography: Please use “Thesis/Letter” Style [Shortcut key in Ke Ping’s MS Word default global template (Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm: Ctrl+Shift+L] for all body text paragraphs in a letter or an academic thesis.→thle], thno], thes], lett]
Typography: Please use “ThesisBibIndent” (hanging indent) Style [Shortcut key in Ke Ping’s MS Word default global template (Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm: Ctrl+Alt+Shift+B] for references in the reference list.→tbi]
Typography: Please use “ThesisIndent” Style [Shortcut key in Ke Ping’s MS Word default global template (Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm: Ctrl+Alt+Shift+I] for block quotations in a thesis. Insert a “ThesisIndent”-styled blank line above and below each block quotation.→thin], tbq], tibq]
Typography: Please use “ThesisHangingIndent” Style [Shortcut key in Ke Ping’s MS Word default global template (Download: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal.zip; Install: http://keping.sprinterweb.net/Normal-HowToInstall.htm: Ctrl+Alt+Shift+H] for hanging-indented block quotations.→thi]
Typography: To juxtapose texts, insert a table (表格) and type into different cells (单元格) of the table texts that are meant to be juxtaposed; never insert a new section (节) in which a text is displayed (only in the Page Layout mode) in two, three, or more columns (分栏). A multi-column section can only be used for homogeneous (same-type) texts. Heterogeneous (not-of-the-same-type) texts cannot be juxtaposed in a multi-column section without the insertion of hard carriage returns wherever it seems necessary. That causes unclean text and, what is worse, any deletion from or addition to the original text may disrupt the apparently juxtaposed columns, forcing the reviser to insert new and/or delete existing hard carriage returns.→jute], usta], dums], tmcs]
Typography: Use CAPITAL letter(s) here and in similar places elsewhere. / Capitalize the initial letter(s) of this/these word(s).→ucl], cale]
Typography: Use lower-case letters here and in similar places elsewhere.→ull], lole], smfo]
Typography: Use bold letters here and in similar places elsewhere. / All the text on this page should appear in boldface.→ubl], bole], bofa], bold], atib], atop]
Typography: Use italic letters here and in similar places elsewhere.→uil], itle], ita]
Typography: Use bold and italic letters here and in similar places elsewhere.→ubil], bil], boit]
Typography: Use font “Arial / 黑体” (bold) for all headings and subheadings. (For numerals in them use only font “Arial”.) Use font “Times New Roman / 宋体” for all normal paragraphs. (For numerals in them use only font “Times New Roman”.) Use font “Arial / 等线” for all block quotation paragraphs. (For numerals in them use only font “Arial”.)→font], hefo], npfo], bqfo], tiso], arhe], tnr], time], aria], soti], heti], mate], hesu], arka], kati], bloc]
Typography: Use styles in a consistent way. / Check to ensure that throughout the document the same font and paragraph styles are used for all headings and subheadings of the same level, and for all paragraphs of the same type in the body text.→uscw], sast], cost], stco], heco], teco], cowa], sale], saty], safo], sapa], sft], sps], sfps]
Typography: Wrong line spacing―Use single line or 11.6 pt. spacing for all headings.→wrli], wls], lisp], sls]
Typography: Wrong paragraph style for this paragraph (and other paragraphs in this section) / Wrong paragraph style for all items in this section.→wps], para], wpsi]
Use of reference tools: Avoid using unreliable reference tools.→auut], urrt], unto]
Use of reference tools: Insufficient/careless use of glossaries, specialized dictionaries, and encyclopedias→iuge], cuge], glos], ency]
Use of reference tools: Insufficient/careless use of monolingual dictionaries→iumd], cumd], dict], mld], modi]
Use of reference tools: Insufficient/careless use of quality reference tools→iurt], inus]
Use of reference tools: Please consult a quality native corpus (such as British National Corpus [BYU-BNC: http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc/]. or The Corpus of Contemporary American English [COCA: http://www.americancorpus.org/].).→pcqc], ccnc], qnc], naco], bnc], coca]
Use of reference tools: Please consult a quality reference tool.→pcqr], cqrt], qrt]
Use of reference tools: Please consult a reliable dictionary or handbook of personal names.→pena], cdpn]
Use of reference tools: Please consult a reliable dictionary or handbook of place names.→plna], cdpna]
Viewing modes: When working in MS Word, you should usually use “Normal view” instead of “Page Layout view” for displaying and editing a document (except when you work with, say, long tables and some special graphics), because under that view you can use the space on the screen more efficiently, page up and down more rapidly and, more importantly, readily check if the style of a paragraph (including a heading paragraph) is right by looking at the style name of the paragraph in the style area at the left of the Word window (for that purpose you need to keep the style area shown in the Word window by increasing its width from “0” to, say, “1.2 cm” in “Tools\Options\View” in MS Word 2003 and “Tools\Options\Advanced” in MS Word 2007). / Do see to it that MS Word’s viewing mode is “Normal” instead of “Page Layout” before a working document is saved.→vimo], novi], pavi], plv], saw], chst], ksas] ssa]
[] <> []→[,, ].
[英]→yi
[英国]→yg
[爱尔兰]→ael
[苏格兰]→sgl
[威尔士]→wes
[美]→mei
[美国]→mg
[加拿大]→jnd
[澳大利亚]→adly
[新西兰]→xxl
[南非]→nf
[新加坡]→xjp
[日本]→rb
[韩国]→hg
[拉丁语]→ldy
[希腊语]→xly
[德国]→dg
[法国]→fg
[西班牙]→xby
[意大利]→ydl
[俄罗斯]→els
[乌克兰]→wkl
[土耳其]→teq
[哈萨克]→hsk
[维吾尔]→wwe
[藏族]→zz
<书面语>→smy
<口语>→ky
<儿语>→ey
<方言>→fy
<网络语>→wly
<俚语>→ly
<缩略语>→sly
<讽刺语>→fcy
<戏谑语>→xxy
<委婉语>→wwy
<贬义>→by
<粗俗语>→csy
<禁忌语>→jjy
农业→ny
经贸→jm
金融→jr
科技→kj
信息产业→xxcy
生命科学→smkx
能源→nyu
交通→jt
建筑→jz
环保→hb
天文气象→twqx
航空航天→hkht
社会文化→shwh
政治→zzh
法律→fl
教育→jy
传播→cbo
语言学→yyx
统计学→tjx
科学方法→kxff
运动→yd
日常生活→rcsh
军事→js
国际事务→gjsw
宗教→zj
= [词目词主词条]→dy
（又称“”）→yc
（又作“”）→yz
(Also called “”): alca
(Also “”): also
[Cf. ]→dz
[见“”]→ji
1. Articles
2. Books
3. Theses
5. Other Texts
Remarks
This list includes the most common types of sources to be documented in academic writing. The examples listed below basically follow the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA-M, 6th ed., 2010) and the APA Style Guide to Electronic References (APA-E, 2007).
All the items in this list have been defined as AutoText entries in the MS Word default global template (Normal.dot [for Word 2003] and Normal.dotm [for Word 2007]) which I developed. Usually a reference item is defined in two forms and included as two independent entries: (1) a complete in-text citation form (with the exception of items in the Reference Tools subsection [see Remarks in that subsection]) and, (2) a regular reference list item form. The complete in-text citation form, which is in the 8 point indigo font and placed within parentheses, is encoded with four or five letters (and, with most frequently used sources, two or three letters as well) as specified in the “Encoding Scheme” and ends with a “[”. The regular reference list item form, which takes the normal font and goes without parentheses, is encoded the same way as the complete in-text citation form but ends with a “c”. All electronic sources are encoded with the normal codes plus an “e” before “[” or “c”.
The shortcut keys for the document building blocks (used in MS Office 2007) as encoded in
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the following individuals and organizations for their work which I benefited from as I prepared this text: the OWL of Purdue University for “APA Formatting and Style Guide” (1995-), Publishers of the Citation StyleGuide for “APA Style Made Easy” (2004), Professor Russ Dewey and Dr. Abel Scribe of Georgia Southern University for “APA Research Style Crib Sheet” (2007), the University of British Columbia Library for Getting Started with APA Style (2007), the Libraries of the University of North Carolina for “Guide to APA Reference Lists” (2008), the American Psychological Association for Publication Manual of the APA (6th ed., 2010), and Dr. Abel Scribe for “APA Style Lite for College Papers” (2010).
Basic rules regarding the capitalization of reference list items
■ When referring to any work that is NOT a periodical or newspaper, such as a book, article, or Web page, capitalize only the first letter of the first word of a title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns. Do not capitalize the first letter of the second word in a hyphenated compound word.
■ Capitalize all major words in periodical or newspaper titles.
Basic rules regarding the use of “Retrieved from …” or “Available from …” in documenting online sources in the reference list
■ If the referenced item is freely available to anyone, use “Retrieved from .…”
■ If the referenced item must be purchased, or comes from a subscription service or database, use “Available from ….”
(Based on OWL, Purdue U. (1995-). APA Formatting and Style Guide. Retrieved April 5, 2009, from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/apaformattingandstyleguide.htm)
(Retrieved from website: )→r[
(Based on . [n.d.]. In . Retrieved from website: )→b[
(. [Version ] [Computer software]. Retrieved . Available from )→d[
Retrieved from website: →r
Based on . (n.d.). In .→b
Available from →d
(n.d.). In .→n
(20年月日检索自 )→j[
(综合自：. [无出版日期]. 载《》. 20年月日检索自 )→z[
(. [版] [计算机软件]. 20年月日下载自 )→x[
20年月日检索自 →j
综合自：. (无出版日期). 载《》.→z
下载自：→x
(无出版日期). 载《》.→w
Ke, Ping. (1996). A Socio-semiotic approach to meaning in translation. Babel: International Journal of Translation, 42, 74-83.→japvc, joarc, jac, jopac, pavoc, babec, metrc.
{Note: In this example, “42” is the volume number and “74-83” the page number(s).}
Hypericum Depression Trial Study Group. (2002a). Effect of hypericum perforatum (St John’s wort) in major depressive disorder: A randomized controlled trial [Electronic version]. JAMA, 287, 1807-1814.→japvpdfec, joarpdfec, japdfec, jopapdfec, pavopdfec, efjaec, efjpec, pdfjaec, pdfjpec
Hypericum Depression Trial Study Group. (2002a). Effect of hypericum perforatum (St John’s wort) in major depressive disorder: A randomized controlled trial [Electronic version]. JAMA, 287, 1807-1814. Retrieved July 7, 2002, from MEDSYS database.→japvec, joarec, jaec, jopaec, pavoec, dbjaec, dbjpec
{NB: For sources retrieved from databases, give the name of the database where the article is found, rather than the Internet address (URL).}
Ke, Ping. (1999). Cultural presuppositions and misreading. In André Clas (Ed.), The Theory and Practice of Translation in China [Special issue]. META. Translators’ Journal, 44(1), 133-143.→japic, jppic, paisc, jasic, jpsic, sijac, sijpc, spisc, metac
Ke, Ping. (1999). Cultural presuppositions and misreading. In André Clas (Ed.), The Theory and Practice of Translation in China [Special issue]. META. Translators’ Journal, 44(1), 133-143. Retrieved from http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/003296ar→japiec, jppiec, paisec, jasiec, jpsiec, sijaec, sijpec, spisec, metaec
{Note: There is no period after an Internet address (URL).}
Ke, Ping [柯平]. (1989). 翻译错误分析 [An analysis of translation errors].《中国翻译》, No. 6 [1989], 20-25.→nejac, cjac, jourc, zgfyc, zfc
Ke, Ping, & Wu, Zhijie [柯平、吴志杰]. (2003). SARS与“非典”——关于术语定名问题的探讨 [SARS vs “atypical pneumonia”: A terminological case study].《中国语文》, No. 6 [2003], 564-569.→neja2c, cja2c, zgywc, kpwzjc.
MultiLingual Computing, Inc. (2004). A guide to language technology. MultiLingual Computing & Technology, 2004, July/August (Suppl. 65), 1-17.→asjc, jsac, josuc, suppc, mctc, mulic
Zhu, Yubin. (2008). An integrated approach to the translation of special terms. With special reference to the Chinese term lüse shipin (“green food”). Translation Journal, 12(1). Retrieved July 11, 2008, from http://translationjournal.net/journal/43greenfood.htm→aiojec, iojaec, trjoec, zybc.
Cherchneff, I. (1997, July). The exhaust fumes of stars. Physics@UMIST Research Newsletter (2). Retrieved from http://www.phy.umist.ac.uk/Research/research_NL/NewsLetter2/nl2.shtml→aionec, ionaec, neleec, nelec
Ke, Ping [柯平]. (1992年11月). 综合性双语词典中的参见系统 [The cross-reference system in bilingual dictionaries]. 载张柏然 编,《双语词典研究——1992年南京全国双语词典学术研讨会论文集》(pp. 100-110). 北京: 商务印书馆.→necpc, cpppc, copac, pcpc, procc
Shimahara, N. K. (1983, November 18). Mobility and education of Buraku: The case of a Japanese minority. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Anthropological Association, Chicago.→cpupc, upcpc
Schwartz, J. (1993, September 30). Obesity affects economic, social status. The Washington Post, pp. A1, A4.→npac, nepac, nac, wapoc
Chivers, C. J. (2004, August 25). 2 Planes crash near Moscow; 88 feared lost. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/25/international/europe/25crash.html?th→npaec, nepaec, nearec, nytec
Jianpai er’yanghuatan tizao wu nian dabiao 减排二氧化碳提早五年达标 [Goal of reducing emission of carbon dioxide reached 5 years ahead of time]. (2007, May 16).《联合早报》[新加坡], p. A4.→nenac, canc, chnec, nanac, lhzbc, zbc
Eliot, John. (1998, January). Polar bear. Stalkers of the high Arctic. National Geographic Magazine, 192, 52-70.→maarc, armac, mac, ngmc
A wiser wiki. (2007, May). Utne Reader, (141), 10-11. Retrieved from ProQuest Research Library database.→maarec, armaec, maec
Ke, Ping, & Zhang, Ling [柯平、张凌]. (1986年3月). 苏联的电影 [Films in Tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union].《新疆艺术》, 1986年第3期, 72-80.→nemac, cmac, sldyc, kpzlc
Hill, Michael. (2005). Libraries offering audiobook downloads. AP Technology News. August 26, 2005. Retrieved from http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20050826/ap_on_hi_te/libraries_book_downloads→nssaec, nansec, nestec, apnec, asprec
Hoskins, Paul. (2005). Exercise and healthy diet slow memory loss. Reuters Science News. September 7, 2005. Retrieved from http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20050907/sc_nm/ageing_dc→renec, rnec, reutec
Ke, Ping, & Zhang, Ping. (1999). Translation: Religion, ideology, politics [Review of the book Translation: Religion, Ideology, Politics. Translation perspectives VIII, edited by T. Burrell & S. Kelly]. BABEL, 45(3), 282-288.→borec, brc, kpzpc
Wang, Guanghua (王光华). (2018). [《真实的朝鲜：失败的斯大林主义乌托邦里的生活与政治》(Andrei Lankov [韩国国民大学教授，The Korea Times 专栏作家] 著, 2013) 述评]. 钝角网. 2018年1月22日检索自http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/hgGZJhT8crLLrf_PbrR3Sw→borezc, brzc
{Note: If the review comes from a subscription service or database, write "Available from" and provide the information where the review can be purchased, e.g. "Castle, G. (2007). New millennial Joyce [Review of the books Twenty-first Joyce, Joyce's critics: Transitions in reading and culture, and Joyce's messianism: Dante, negative existence, and the messianic self]. Modern Fiction Studies, 50(1), 163-173. Available from Project MUSE website: http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/modern_fiction_studies/toc/mfs52.1.html” (OWL, Purdue U. [1995-]. APA Formatting and Style Guide. Retrieved April 5, 2009, from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/apaformattingandstyleguide.htm)}
Ke, Ping. (1999). Contrastive linguistics. Nanjing: Nanjing Normal University Press.→enboc, bookc, colic
American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Author.→apac
Dasgupta, Partha. (2000). Social capital: A multifaceted perspective. Washington, D.C. World Bank. Retrieved from http://www.netlibrary.com→enboec, ebec, bookec
{Note: If the work is not directly available online or must be purchased, use “Available from,” rather than “Retrieved from,” and point readers to where they can find it, e.g. “Davis, J. Familiar birdsongs of the Northwest. Available from http://www.powells.com/cgi-bin/biblio?inkey=1-9780931686108-0” (OWL, Purdue U. [1995-]. APA Formatting and Style Guide. Retrieved April 5, 2009, from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/apaformattingandstyleguide.htm)}
Massey, W. R., & Jameson, W. M., Jr. (2001). Organizational behavior and the new internet logic (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.→seedc, 2ndedc, enbo2c, eb2c, enbo3c, eb3c, book2c, book3c
Ke, Ping [柯平]. (1993).《英汉与汉英翻译教程》[A textbook of English-Chinese and Chinese-English translation]. 北京: 北京大学出版社.→nebc, chboc, yhhyc, pkupc.
Xu, Jun [许钧 编]. (1998).《翻译思考录》[Reflections on translation]. 武汉: 湖北教育出版社.→neebc, cebc, edboc, xujuc
(2000). Racism and mapmaking: Never a straight line?. New York: Preston Press.
Lyng, S. (Ed.). (2005). Edgework: The sociology of risk-taking. Retrieved from netLibrary database.→edboec
Burton, R. F. (1964). Personal narrative of a pilgrimage to Al-Madinah & Meccah (2 vols.). New York: Dover. (Original work published 1855)→mvwrc, muvoc, reprc
{Note: There is no period after “(Original work published ____)”.}
Ke, Ping. (2009). Machine translation. In Mona Baker & Gaby Saldanha (Eds.), The Routledge encyclopedia of translation studies (2nd ed., pp. 162-169). London, United Kingdom & New York, NY: Routledge.→bsebc, bosec, bsc, kpmtc
Ke, Ping. (in press). Machine translation. In Mona Baker & Gaby Saldanha (Eds.), The Routledge encyclopedia of translation studies (2nd ed.). London, United Kingdom & New York, NY: Routledge.→bipc, inprc
Aarnsworth, E. (2002). Magnesotic irregularities in rock formations. In A. Beales & P. M. Jessing (Eds.), Handbook of Geology. Vol. 4: Southwestern US (5th ed., pp. 97-121). New York: Preston.→bsvsc, vosec
Greene, Graham. (2001).《恋情的终结》[The end of the affair] (柯平 译). “译林世界文学名著 ·现当代系列”. 南京: 译林出版社. (原著出版于1951年)→trboc, tbc, btc, btecc, enafc, grgrc.
{Note: There is no period after “(Original work published ____)”.}
Liou, Yu-shia [刘玉霞 绘注]. (1997). The elaborated style of flower and bird paintings (Ke Ping, Trans.). Taibei: Art Book Co., Ltd.→btcec, lyxcec
Gordimer, Nadine. (1993). 父亲离家 [My father leaves home] (柯平 译). 载章祖德 选编,《戈迪默短篇小说集》. 重庆: 重庆出版社.→tbsc, bstcc, fqljc
Sanchez, E. (2001). Druidic dreams: Paluo’s letters from the isle of Skye. Unpublished master’s thesis, University of Agal, Agal, West Zaapen, Dept. of English.→umtc, mathc
Roberts, M. B. (2001). Land use and the law. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois.→udtc, dodic
Wear, T. D. (1997). Is EEG biofeedback efficacious as a treatment for children with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder? A review of the literature. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Biola University, California. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED415618)→udtec, dodiec
Renteria, R. W. (2001). Teaching as spiritual practice (Doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2001). Dissertation Abstracts International, 62 (03A), 959.→ddac, addc
1. Dictionaries
4. Corpora
Remarks: This section consists of three subsections: (1) dictionaries, (2) encyclopedias, (3) glossaries and term banks, and (4) monolingual and bilingual corpora. Each subsection includes two groups of items: sample entries and most commonly-used examples. Sample entries are designed to work as a model which contains the bibliographic information of one or two most typical reference items in each subsections and after which the user can easily create specific in-text citations and reference list entries they need. The most commonly-used examples are intended to provide users with further convenience by prefabricating some most frequently referenced items as parenthesized in-text citation forms as well as entries in a reference list. Each parenthesized in-text citation form includes the title and year of publication of the tool, (in the case of an online tool) the retrieval date as well as the URL (website address) of the resource and, sometimes, the name of the entry (search item) as well as the name of the author. In each reference list entry, the user needs to fill in the search item, the page(s) on which the item is found in a printed version or the URL of an online tool and the date on which it is retrieved, etc. in appropriate positions. (I have marked these positions in bluish gray.) For each well-known or most frequently used reference tool, I have also included a short parenthesized acronym of its title and version.
(Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》, 2004 [6th ed.])→dien[
Percentile. (2004). In Sally Wehmeiser (Ed.), Oxford advanced learner’s English-Chinese dictionary《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》(6th ed., p. 1273). 北京: 商务印书馆 [Beijing, China: The Commercial Press] & Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.→dienc
(Blog. [2004]. In Webster’s New World College Dictionary [4th ed.]. Retrieved via OneLook Dictionary Search: http://www.onelook.com)→diene[
Blog. (2004). In Webster’s new world college dictionary (4th ed.). Retrieved via OneLook Dictionary Search: http://www.onelook.com→dienec
(AHD4)→ah0, ah4, (AHD4)
(The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 2000 [4th ed.])→ahd0[, ahd4[, ahd[
. (2000). In Joe Pickett (Ed.), The American heritage dictionary of the English language (4th ed., p. ). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.→ahd4c, ahdc.
(CALD2)→ca0, ca2
(Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 2005 [2nd ed.])→cald2[, cald[, ca0[, ca2[, ca[
. (2005). In Cambridge advanced learner’s dictionary (2nd ed., p. ). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.→cald2c, caldc, ca0c, ca2c, cac
(CIDoE)→ci
(Cambridge International Dictionary of English, 1995)→cide[, cid[
. (1995). In Cambridge international dictionary of English (p. ). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.→cidec, cidc
(CB4)→cb0, cb4
(Collins CoBuild Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary, 2003 [4th ed.])→ccal0[, ccal4[
. (2003). In John Sinclair (Founding Editor-in-Chief), Collins Cobuild advanced learner’s English dictionary (4th ed., p. ). Glasgow: HarperCollinsPublishers.→ccal0c, ccal4c.
(CB5)→cb5, cb
(Collins CoBuild Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary, 2006 [5th ed.])→ccal5[, ccal[, cb5[, cb[
. (2006). In John Sinclair (Editor-in-Chief), Collins Cobuild advanced learner’s English dictionary (5th ed., p. ). Boston, MA: Heinle ELT.→ccal5c, ccalc, cb5c, cbc
(LDoCE4)→ld0, ld4
(Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 2003 [4th ed.])→ldce0[, ldce4[
. (2003). In Longman dictionary of contemporary English (4th ed., p. ). London: Pearson Education Limited.→ldce0c, ldce4c
(LDoCE5)→ld5, ld
(Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 2009 [5th ed.])→ldce5[, ldce[, ld5[, ld[
. (2009). In Longman dictionary of contemporary English (5th ed., p. ). London: Pearson Education Limited.→ldce5c, ldcec, ld5c, ldc
(LLA)→ll
(Longman Language Activator, 1993)→lla[, ll[, la[
. (1993). Longman language activator (p. ). New York: Addison Wesley Publishing Companys.→llac
(The Macquarie Book of Slang: Australian Slang in the 90s, 1996)→mbs[, ausl[
. (1996). In James Lambert (Ed.), The Macquarie book of slang: Australian slang in the 90’s (p. ). Sydney: MacQuarie Library Pty Ltd.→mbsc, auslc
(MWCD11)→mw0, mw11, mw
(Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 2003 [11th ed.])→mwcd0[, mwcd11[, mwcd[, wcd[
. (2003). Merriam-Webster collegiate dictionary (11th ed., p. ). Springfield, MA: Merriam Webster, Inc.→mwcd0c, mwcd11c, mwcdc, wcdc
(NOECD)→no0, no
(New Oxford English-Chinese Dictionary, 2007)→noed0[, noed[
. (2007). In New Oxford English-Chinese dictionary (p. ). 上海：上海外语教育出版社 (Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press).→noed0c, noedc
(OALD4)→oa0, oa4
(Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary, 1997 [4th ed.])→oald0[, oald4[
. (1997). In Oxford advanced learner’s English-Chinese dictionary《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》(Li Beida [李北达], Ed. & Trans.) (4th ed., p. ). 北京: 商务印书馆 & Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.→oald0c, oald4c
(OALD6)→oa6
(Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》, 2004 [6th ed.])→oald6[
. (2004). In Sally Wehmeier (Ed.), Oxford advanced learner’s English-Chinese dictionary《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》(Shi Xiaoshu [石孝殊], et al., Trans. Zhuang Yichuan [庄绎传 ] et al.,, Proofread.) (6th ed., p. ). 北京: 商务印书馆 & Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.→oald6c
(OALD7)→oa7, oa
(Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 2007[7th ed.])→oald7[, oald[
. (2007). In Sally Wehmeier (Ed.), Oxford advanced learner’s dictionary (7th ed., p. ). Oxford: Oxford University Press.→oald7c, oaldc
(Oxford Collocations Dictionary, 2002 [1st ed.])→ocd[
. (2002). In Diana Lea. (Ed.), Oxford collocations dictionary (1st ed., p. ). New York: Oxford University Press.→ocdc
(Oxford Dictionary of Quotations, 2009 [7th ed.])→odq[
. (2009). In Elizabeth Knowles (Ed.), Oxford dictionary of quotations (7th ed. , p. ). Oxford: Oxford University Press.→odqc
(OED2)→oe0, oe2, oe
(The Oxford English Dictionary, 1989 [2nd ed.])→oed0[, oed2[, oed[
. (1989). In Sir James Augustus Henry Murray (Ed.), A new English dictionary on historical principles (2nd ed., Vol. , p. ). Oxford: Clarendon Press.→oed0c, oed2c, oedc
(SOED5)→so0, so5, so
(The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 2002 [5th ed.])→soed0[, soed5[, soed[
. (2002). In W. Trumble & L. Brown (Editors-in-chief.), The Shorter Oxford English dictionary (5th ed., p. ). Oxford: Oxford University Press.→soed0c, soed5c, soedc
(RHWUD2)→rh0, rh2, rh
(Random House Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary, 1987 [2nd ed.])→rhwud0[, rhwud2[, rhwud[, rhwd0[, rhwd2[, rhwd[, rh[
. (1987). In Stuart Flexner (Ed.), Random House Webster’s unabridged dictionary) (2nd ed., p. ). New York: Random House Inc.→rhwud0c, rhwud2c, rhwudc, rhwd0c, rhwd2c, rhwdc, rhc
(WUED)→wu
(Webster’s Unabridged English Dictionary)→wued[
(WRUD 1913)→wr
(Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, 1913)→wrud[
. (1913). Webster’s revised unabridged dictionary (p. ). Springfield, MA: G. & C. Merriam.→wrudc
(W3)→w3
(Webster’s Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, 1961)→wtnl[, wtnid[,w3[
. (1961). In Philip Babcock Gove. (Ed.), Webster’s third new international dictionary of the English language (p. ). Cambridge, MA: Riverside Press.→wtnlc, wtnidc, w3c.
(吴光华 主编,《现代英汉大词典》, 1993)→xdyhd[, xdyh[
. (1993). 载吴光华 主编,《现代英汉大词典》[Modern English-Chinese dictionary ] (第页). 上海：上海科学技术出版社.→xdyhdc, xdyhc
(YHD1)→yh0, yh1
(陆谷孙 主编,《英汉大词典》, 1993 [第1版])→yhdcd0[, yhdcd1[
. (1993). 载陆谷孙 主编, 《英汉大词典》(第1版缩印本) [The English-Chinese dictionary (1st ed.)] (第页). 上海：上海译文出版社.→yhdd0c, yhdd1c, yhdcd0c, yhdcd1c
(YHD2)→yh2, yh
(陆谷孙 主编,《英汉大词典》, 2007 [第2版])→yhdcd2[, yhdcd[, yhd2[, yhd[, lgs[
. (2007). 载陆谷孙 主编, 《英汉大词典》(第2版缩印本) [The English-Chinese dictionary (2nd ed.)] (第页). 上海：上海译文出版社.→yhdcd2c, yhdcdc, yhd2c, yhdc, lgsc
(惠宇 主编,《新世纪汉英大词典》, 2003 [第1版])→xsjhy0[, xsjd0[, xsjhy[, xsjd[, hyu[
. (2003). 载惠宇 主编,《新世纪汉英大词典》(第1版) [A great Chinese-English dictionary for the new century (1st ed.)] (第页). 北京：外语教学与研究出版社.→xsjhy0c, xsjd0c, xsjhyc, xsjdc, hyuc
(吴光华 主编,《汉英词典》, 1997[第1版])→hycd[, wgh[
. (1997). 载吴光华 主编,《汉英词典》(第1版) [Chinese-English dictionary (1st ed.)] (第页). 上海：上海交大出版社.→hycdc, wghc
(吴景荣, 程镇球 主编,《新时代汉英大词典》, 2000)→xsdd[, xsdhy[, wjr[, czq[
. (2000). 载吴景荣、程镇球 主编, 《新时代汉英大词典》[The new age Chinese-English dictionary] (第页). 北京：商务印书馆.→xsddc, xsdhyc, wjrc, czqc
(汉语大词典编委会 编,《汉语大词典》, 1997 [第1版])→hydd[, hydcd[
. (1997). 载汉语大词典编委会 [The Editorial Board of An Unabridged Dictionary of the Chinese Language] 编,《汉语大词典》(第1版) [An unabridged dictionary of the Chinese language (1st ed.)] (第卷，第页). 上海：汉语大词典出版社.→hyddc, hydcdc
(《现代汉语词典》)→xd
(《现代汉语词典》, 2005 [第5版])→xd5
(中国社会科学院语言研究所词典编辑室 编,《现代汉语词典》, 1996 [修订第3版])→xdhd3[, xdhy3[, xd3[
(中国社会科学院语言研究所词典编辑室 编,《现代汉语词典》, 2005 [第5版])→xdhd5[, xdhy5[, xd5[, xd[
. (1996). 载中国社会科学院语言研究所词典编辑室 [The Lexicographic Section of the Institute of Linguistics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences] 编,《现代汉语词典》(修订第3版) [A modern Chinese dictionary (Revised 3rd ed.)] (第页). 北京：商务印书馆.→xdhd3c, xdhy3c, xd3c
. (2005). 载中国社会科学院语言研究所词典编辑室 [The Lexicographic Section of the Institute of Linguistics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences] 编,《现代汉语词典》(第5版) [A modern Chinese dictionary (5rd ed.)] (第页). 北京：商务印书馆.→xdhd5c, xdhy5c, xd5c, xdc
(王同忆 主编,《高级汉语词典》, 1996)→gjhd[, gjhy[, wty[
. (1996). 载王同忆 主编,《高级汉语词典》[Advanced Chinese dictionary] (第页). 海口：海南出版社.→gjhdc, gjhyc, wtyc
(韩明安 主编,《新语词大辞典》, 1991)→xycd[, xycdcd[, hma[
. (1991). 载韩明安 主编,《新语词大辞典》[A great dictionary of new words and phrases] (第页). 哈尔滨：黑龙江人民出版社.→xycdc, xycdc, hmac
(商务印书馆,《新华新词语词典》, 2003)→xhxd[, xhxcy[
. (2003). 载商务印书馆 编,《新华新词语词典》[Xinhua dictionary of new words and expressions] (第页). 北京：商务印书馆.→xhxdc, xhxcyc
(周学艺 主编,《英汉美英报刊词典》, 2002)→xhmd[, yhmybk[, zxy[
. (2002). 载周学艺 主编,《英汉美英报刊词典》[An English-Chinese dictionary of journalistic terms] (第页). 北京：外语教学与研究出版社.→xhmdc, yhmybkc, zxyc
(. [n.d.]. In . Retrieved via Mdict for PC, 2012 [Version 1.x] [Computer software])→mfp[, mfpe[, mdic[, mdice[, md[, mde[
. (n.d.). In . Retrieved via Rayman Zhang (2012), Mdict for PC (Version 1.x) [Computer software] (Available from http://www.octopus-studio.com).→mfpc, mfpec, mdicc, mdicec, mdc, mdec
(. [无出版日期]. 载《》. 检索自Mdict for PC, 2012 [1.x版] [计算机软件])→mfpz[, mfpez[, mdicz[, mdicez[, mdz[, mdez[
. (无出版日期). 载《》. 检索自Rayman Zhang (2012), Mdict for PC (1.x版) [计算机软件] (下载：http://www.octopus-studio.com).→mfpzc, mfpezc, mdiczc, mdicezc, mdzc, mdezc
(. [n.d.]. In . Retrieved , via Babylon Free Online Lookup: http://www.babylon.com/define)→bfole[, bfol[, baone[, baon[
. (n.d.). In . Retrieved , via Babylon Free Online Lookup: http://www.babylon.com/define→bfolec, bfolc, baonec, baonc
(Brewer’s Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. Retrieved via Babylon-Pro, 2007 [Version 7.0] [Computer software])→bdpf[, brdi[
. [n.d.]. In Brewer’s dictionary of phrase and fable. Retrieved via Babylon Ltd. (2007), Babylon-Pro (Version 7.0) [Computer software] (Available from http://www.babylon.com).→bdpfc, brdic
(Dictionary of English Abbreviations. Retrieved via Lingoes Translator 2, 2010 [Version 2.7.1] [Computer software])→deae[, enab[, abbr[
. (n.d.). In Dictionary of English Abbreviations. Retrieved via Kevin Yau (2010), Lingoes Translator 2 (Version 2.7.1) [Computer software] (Available from http://www.lingoes.net).→deae, enabc, abbrc
(Encarta Dictionaries, 20 [DVD-ROM])→endie[, ede[
. (20). In Encarta dictionaries. In Microsoft® Student 20 [DVD-ROM]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation.→endiec, edec
(. [n.d.]. In . Retrieved via Lingoes Translator 2, 2010 [Version 2.7.1] [Computer software])→litr2e[, lt2e[, litre[, lte[, lt[, yau[, ling[
. (n.d.). In . Retrieved via Kevin Yau (2010), Lingoes Translator 2 (Version 2.7.1) [Computer software] (Available from http://www.lingoes.net).→litr2ec, lt2ec, litrec, ltec, ltc, yauc, lingc
(. [无出版日期]. 载《》. 检索自Lingoes Translator 2, 2010 [2.7.1版] [计算机软件])→litrz[, ltz[, yauz[, lingz[
. (无出版日期). 载《》. 检索自Kevin Yau (2010), Lingoes Translator 2 (2.7.1版) [计算机软件] (下载：http://www.lingoes.net).→litrzc, ltzc, yauzc, lingzc
(Dictionary of American Slang and Colloquial Expressions. Retrieved via Mdict for PC, 2012 [Version 1.x] [Computer software])→dase[, amsl[, amco[, as[, ac[
. (n.d.). In Dictionary of American Slang and Colloquial Expressions. Retrieved via Rayman Zhang (2012), Mdict for PC (Version 1.x) [Computer software] (Available from http://www.octopus-studio.com).→dasec, amslc, amcoc, asc, acc
(MED)→me
(Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners CD-ROM, 2007 [Version 2.1])→medle[, madie[, mede[
. (2007). In Macmillan English dictionary for advanced learners CD-ROM (2nd ed., Version 2.1). Basingstoke, Hants, UK: Macmillan Publishers Limited.→medlec, madiec, medec
(. [n.d.]. In . Retrieved , via OneLook Dictionary Search: http://www.onelook.com)→oldse[, olde[, onloe[, onlo[
. (n.d.). In . Retrieved , via OneLook Dictionary Search: http://www.onelook.com→oldsec, oldec, onloec, onloc
(The Oxford English Dictionary Second Edition on CD-ROM, 2009)→oed0e[, oed2e[, oede[
. (2009). In Oxford English dictionary second edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0) [CD-ROM]. Oxford: Oxford University Press.→oed0ec, oed2ec, oedec.
(Probert Encyclopedia of Slang. Retrieved , from http://www.probertencyclopaedia.com)→pes[, pren[, ensl[
. (n.d.). In Matthew Probert, Probert encyclopedia of slang. Retrieved , from http://www.probertencyclopaedia.com→pesc, prenc, enslc
(. [n.d.]. In . Retrieved via StarDict, 2005-2007 [Version 3.0.1] [Computer software])→stdie[, sde[, sd[, huzh[
. (n.d.). In . Retrieved via Hu Zheng & Evgeniy (2005-2007), StarDict (Version 3.0.1) [Computer software] (Available from http://stardict.sourceforge.net).→stdiec, sdec, sdc, huzhc
(Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, 1913)→wrude[, wrud[, w1913e[, w1913[
. (1913). In Noah Porter (Ed.), Webster’s revised unabridged dictionary. Springfield, MA: G. & C. Merriam Company. Retrieved via Rayman Zhang (2012), Mdict for PC (Version 1.x) [Computer software] (Available from http://www.octopus-studio.com).→wrudec, wrudc, w1913ec, w1913c
(WordNet 3.0)→wn
(WordNet 3.0, 2006 [Computer software])→wone0e[, wone3e[, wonee[, wn0e[, wn3e[, wne[, wn[
. (2006). In The Cognitive Science Laboratory of Princeton University, Principal Investigator: Professor George A. Miller] WordNet (Version 3.0) [Computer software] (Available from http://wordnet.princeton.edu).→wone0ec, wone3ec, woneec, wn0ec, wn3ec, wnec, wnc
(WordWeb)→ww
(. [n.d.]. In WordWeb, 2009 [Version 6]. Retrieved from http://wordweb.info)→wowbe[, wowb[, wwe[, ww[
. (n.d.). In Antony Lewis (2009), WordWeb (Version 6). Retrieved from http://wordweb.info→wowbec, wowbc, wwec, wwc
Well-known: (Bergmann, P. G. [1993]. Relativity. In The New Encyclopaedia Britannica // Less well-known: (Alderson, A. S., & Corsaro, W. A. [2000]. Cross-cultural analysis. In E. F. Borgatta [Editor-in-Chief] & R. J. V. Montomery [Managing Editor], Encyclopedia of Sociology)→enen[
Well-known: Bergmann, P. G. (1993). Relativity. In The new encyclopaedia Britannica (Vol. 26, pp. 501-508). Chicago, IL: Encyclopaedia Britannica. // Less well-known: Alderson, A. S., & Corsaro, W. A. (2000). Cross-cultural analysis. In E. F. Borgatta (Editor-in-Chief) & R. J. V. Montomery (Managing Editor), Encyclopedia of sociology (2nd ed., Vol. 1, pp. 546-553). New York, NY: Macmillan Reference USA.→enenc
DVD-ROM, CD-ROM: (Mother Teresa of Calcutta. [2007]. In Microsoft® Student 2008 [DVD-ROM]) // Online source 1: (Greenland. [2007]. In Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved from http://search.eb.com) // Online source 2 (Wikipedia): (Personality. [n.d.]. In Wikipedia. Retrieved August 28, 2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org)→enene[
DVD-ROM, CD-ROM: Mother Teresa of Calcutta. (2007). In Microsoft® Student 2008 [DVD-ROM]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation. // Online source 1: Greenland. (2007). In Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved from http://search.eb.com // Online source 2 (Wikipedia): Personality. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved August 28, 2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org→enenec
(. [2004]. In Columbia Encyclopaedia [6th ed.])→coen[, ce[
. (2004). In Paul Lagassé (Ed.), Columbia encyclopedia (6th. ed.) (p. ). New York: Columbia University Press.→coenc, cec
(. [1985]. In Encyclopaedia Britannica [Vol. , p. )→enbr3[, brit3[, enbr15[, brit15[
. (1985). In Warren E. Preece (Gen. ed.), Encyclopaedia Britannica (Britannica 3, the 15th ed. of Encyclopaedia Britannica.) (Vol. , p. ). Chicago, IL: Encyclopædia Britannica.→enbr3c, brit3c, enbr15c, brit15c
(. [2006]. In Keith Brown [Editor-in-chief], Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics [Vol. , p. ])→elle[, ell[, browne[, brown[
. (2006). In Keith Brown (Editor-in-chief), Encyclopedia of language and linguistics (2nd ed., Vol. , p. ). Amsterdam: Elsevier.→ellc, brownc
(. [2002]. 载《辞海》.)→ciha[, ch[, ency[
. (2002). 载辞海编辑委员会 [The Editorial Board of Cihai] 编,《辞海》(1999年版普及本, 第页). 上海: 上海辞书出版社.→cihac, chc, encyc.
(. [2002]. In Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. Retrieved via Mdict for PC, 2012 [Version 1.x] [Computer software])→bcee[, brcoe[, bce[, bc
. (2002). In Britannica concise encyclopedia. Chicago, IL: Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved via Rayman Zhang (2012), Mdict for PC (Version 1.x) [Computer software] (Available from http://www.octopus-studio.com).→bceec, brcoec, bcec
(. [2007]. 载《大英袖珍百科》[中文版]. 检索自Lingoes Translator 2 [2.7.1版] [计算机软件])→dyxk[, dyxke[, brcoc[, brcoz[
. (2007). 载《大英袖珍百科》(中文版) [The Britannica Chinese Pocket Encyclopedia]. Chicago, IL: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 检索自Kevin Yau (2010), Lingoes Translator 2 (2.7.1版) [计算机软件] (下载：http://www.lingoes.net).→dyxkec, brcozc
(EB 2010 [DVD-ROM])→ebe, eb
(. [2010]. In Encyclopædia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite [DVD-ROM].)→eburse[, enbre[, ebe[, enbr[, eb[
. (2010). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica ultimate reference suite [DVD-ROM]. Chicago, IL: Author.→ebursc, enbrec, ebec, enbrc, ebc
(. [n.d.]. In Glottopedia. Retrieved , from http://www.glottopedia.de/index.php)→glpe[, gp[
. (n.d.). In Glottopedia. Retrieved , from http://www.glottopedia.de/index.php→glpec, gpc
(MSt 20 DVD [DVD-ROM])→mste, mst
(. [20]. In Microsoft® Student 20 DVD [DVD-ROM].)→miste[, mist[, mste[, mst[, mse[, ms[
. (20). In Microsoft® Student 20 DVD [DVD-ROM]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation.→mistec, mistc, mstec, mstc, msec, msc
(. [n.d.]. In . Retrieved , via OneLook Dictionary Search: http://www.onelook.com)→oldse[, olde[, onloe[, onlo[
. (n.d.). In . Retrieved , via OneLook Dictionary Search: http://www.onelook.com→oldsec, oldec, onloec, onloc
(. [1998]. In Oxford World Encyclopedia. Retrieved via Lingoes Translator 2, 2010 [Version 2.7.1] [Computer software])→owee[, owe[, oxene[, oxen[
. (1998). Oxford world encyclopedia. Retrieved via Kevin Yau (2010), Lingoes Translator 2 (Version 2.7.1) [Computer software] (Available from http://www.lingoes.net).→oweec, owec, oxenc, oxenec
(. [n.d.]. In . Retrieved via StarDict, 2005-2007 [Version 3.0.1] [Computer software])→stdie[, sde[, sd[, huzh[
. (n.d.). In . Retrieved via Hu Zheng & Evgeniy (2005-2007), StarDict (Version 3.0.1) [Computer software] (Available from http://stardict.sourceforge.net).→stdiec, sdec, sdc, huzhc
(Based on Wp)→bowp, bw
(. [2006]. In Wikipedia English. Retrieved via Lingoes Translator 2 [Version 2.7.1] [Computer software])→wien[, we[
. (2006). In Wikipedia English. Retrieved via Kevin Yau (2010), Lingoes Translator 2 (Version 2.7.1) [Computer software] (Available from http://www.lingoes.net).→wienc, wec, wpkwc
(. [2010]. In Wikipedia Version 0.8. Retrieved via Kiwix, 2012 [Version 0.9] [Computer software])→wpek[, wpk[, wpkw[, kiwi[
. (2010). In Wikipedia Version 0.8. Retrieved via E. Engelhart, G. Duhamel, F. Coulon, R. Gaudin, & W. Rodriguez (2012), Kiwix (Version 0.9; Database dump [.zim]: December, 2016) [Computer software] (Available from http://sourceforge.net/projects/kiwix/files).→wpekc, wpkc, kiwic
(. [n.d.]. In Wikipedia. Retrieved , from http://en.wikipedia.org)→wipe[, wpe[, wp[
. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved , from http://en.wikipedia.org→wipec, wpec, wpc
(. [2016]. In Wikipedia. Retrieved via Kiwix, 2014 [Version 0.9] [Computer software])→wpk[, wpkw[, kiwi[, kiwie[
. (2016). In Wikipedia. Retrieved via E. Engelhart, G. Duhamel, F. Coulon, R. Gaudin, & W. Rodriguez (2012), Kiwix (Version 0.9; Database dump [.zim]: December, 2016) [Computer software] (Available from http://sourceforge.net/projects/kiwix/files).→wpkc, wpkwc, kiwic, kiwiec
(. [2016]. In Wikisource. Retrieved via Kiwix, 2014 [Version 0.9] [Computer software])→wsk[, wskw[, wskw[, wsk[, kiwis[
. (2016). In Wikisource. Retrieved via E. Engelhart, G. Duhamel, F. Coulon, R. Gaudin, & W. Rodriguez (2012), Kiwix (Version 0.9; Database dump [.zim]: December, 2016) [Computer software] (Available from http://sourceforge.net/projects/kiwix/files).→wskc, wskwc, wskwc, wskc, kiwisc
(. [2016]. In Wikiquote. Retrieved via Kiwix, 2014 [Version 0.9] [Computer software])→wqk[, wqkw[, wqkw[, wqk[, kiwiq[
. (2016). In Wikiquote. Retrieved via E. Engelhart, G. Duhamel, F. Coulon, R. Gaudin, & W. Rodriguez (2012), Kiwix (Version 0.9; Database dump [.zim]: December, 2016) [Computer software] (Available from http://sourceforge.net/projects/kiwix/files).→wqkc, wqkwc, wqkwc, wqkc, kiwiqc
(综合自《维基百科》)→zzwb, zw
(. [无出版日期]. 载《维基百科》. 20年月日检索自http://zh.wikipedia.org)→wipez[, wipec[, wpz[, wpc[
. (无出版日期). 载《维基百科》. 20年月日检索自http://zh.wikipedia.org→wpzc, wipezec, wikizec, wpzec
(. [2017]. 载《维基百科》. 检索自Kiwix, 2014 [0.9版] [计算机软件])→wpzk[, wpzkw[, wpkwz[, wpkz[, kiwiz[
. (2017). 载《维基百科》. 检索自E. Engelhart, G. Duhamel, F. Coulon, R. Gaudin, & W. Rodriguez (2014), Kiwix (0.9版；数据库转储 [.zim]：2017年1月) [计算机软件] (下载：http://sourceforge.net/projects/kiwix/files).→wpzkc, wpzkwc, wpkwzc, wpkzc, kiwizc
(. [2016]. 载《维基文库》. 检索自Kiwix, 2014 [0.9版] [计算机软件])→wszk[, wszkw[, wskwz[, wskz[, kiwisz[
. (2016). 载《维基文库》. 检索自E. Engelhart, G. Duhamel, F. Coulon, R. Gaudin, & W. Rodriguez (2014), Kiwix (0.9版；数据库转储 [.zim]：2016年12月) [计算机软件] (下载：http://sourceforge.net/projects/kiwix/files).→wszkc, wszkwc, wskwzc, wskzc, kiwiszc
(. [2016]. 载《维基语录》. 检索自Kiwix, 2014 [0.9版] [计算机软件])→wqzk[, wqzkw[, wqkwz[, wqkz[, kiwiqz[
. (2016). 载《维基语录》. 检索自E. Engelhart, G. Duhamel, F. Coulon, R. Gaudin, & W. Rodriguez (2014), Kiwix (0.9版；数据库转储 [.zim]：2016年12月) [计算机软件] (下载：http://sourceforge.net/projects/kiwix/files).→wqzkc, wqzkwc, wqkwzc, wqkzc, kiwiqzc
检索自
(. [20]. In The World Factbook 20. Retrieved from CIA website: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook)→wfb[, ciawfb[
. (20). In Central
Intelligence Agency, The world factbook 20
(p. ). Retrieved
from CIA website: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook→wfbc, ciawfbc
(. [1999]. 载《中国大百科全书 · 卷 》. 检索自《中国大百科全书》 [光盘1.1 版])→zgdse[, zgds[, zgdbke[, zgdbk[, scde[, scd[
. (1999). 载中国大百科全书编委会 [The Editorial Board of The Great Chinese Encyclopedia] 编,《中国大百科全书 · 卷》[The Great Chinese Encyclopedia: The Volume of ] .. 检索自《中国大百科全书》) [光盘1.1 版]. 北京·上海 : 《中国大百科全书》出版社.→zgdsec, zgdsc, zgdbkec, zgdbkc, scdec, scdc
(. [2004]. 载《中国大百科全书 (简明版)》[光盘])→zgdsje[, zgdsj[, zgdje[, zgdj[, scdle[, scdl[
. (2004). 载中国大百科全书编委会 [The Editorial Board of The Great Chinese Encyclopedia] 编,《中国大百科全书 (简明版)》[The Great Chinese Encyclopedia (Short Version)] .[光盘]. 北京·上海: 中国大百科全书》出版社.→zgdsjec, zgdsjc, zgdjec, zgdjc, scdlec, scdlc
(. [20]. 载《百度百科》. 20年月日检索自http://baike.baidu.com)→bdbke[, bdbk[, babae[, baba[, bbe[, bb[
. (20). 载《百度百科》. 20年月日检索自http://baike.baidu.com→bdbkec, bdbkc, babaec, babac, bbec, bbc
(Contract. [1998]. In Peter Collin,《英汉双解法律词典》[English-Chinese Bilingual Law Dictionary] [Chen Qingbei & Wang Jingxian, Trans. (陈庆北、王景仙 译)] [pp. 127-128]. 北京：世界图书出版公司.[Original work published 1992])→glen[
Contract. (1998). In Peter Collin,《英汉双解法律词典》[English-Chinese bilingual law dictionary] (Chen Qingbei & Wang Jingxian, Trans. [陈庆北、王景仙 译]) (2nd ed., pp. 127-128). 北京：世界图书出版公司. (Original work published 1992)→glenc
(Intangible cultural heritage. [n.d.]. In UNTERM Search. Retrieved July 31, 2008, from http://unterm.un.org)→glene[
Intangible cultural heritage. (n.d.). In UNTERM Search. Retrieved July 31, 2008, from http://unterm.un.org→glenec
(丁福保 编,《佛学大辞典》, 1984)→fxdcd[, fxdd[, dfb[
. (1984). 载丁福保 编,《佛學大辭典》(p. ). 北京：文物出版社.→fxdcdc, fxddc, dfbc
(Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary of Law, 1996)→mwdl[, mdl[
. (1996). Merriam-Webster’s dictionary of law (p. ). Springfield, MA: Merriam Webster, Inc.→mwdlc, mdlc
(Merriam-Webster’s Medical Desk Dictionary, 2002 [Rev. ed.])→mwmdd[, mwmd[, mmd[
. (2002). Merriam Webster’s medical desk dictionary (Rev. ed., p. ). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster, Inc.→mwmddc, mwmdc, mmdc
(The Microsoft Computer Dictionary, 2002 [5th ed.])→mcde[, mcd[
. (2002). In Microsoft Corp., The Microsoft computer dictionary (5th ed., p. ). Redmond, WA: Microsoft Press.→mscdc, mcdc
(Oxford Business English Dictionary for Learners of English, 2002 [5th ed.])→obeee[, obee[, obed[, obd[, bed[
. (2002). In Elizabeth A. Martin (Ed.), Oxford business English dictionary for learners of English (5th ed., p. ). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved via Kevin Yau (2010), Lingoes Translator 2 (Version 2.7.1) [Computer software] (Available from http://www.lingoes.net).→obeeec, obeec, obedc, obdc, bedc
(Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics, 1996)→rdll[, dll[
. (1996). In Hadumod Bussmann (Ed.), Routledge dictionary of language and linguistics (Gregory Trauth & Kerstin Kazzazi, Trans. & Eds.) (p. ). London: Routledge. (Original work published 1990)→rdllc, dllc
(新华通讯社译名室 编,《世界人名翻译大辞典》, 1993 [第1版])→sjrd[, rmfd[, sjrm[, rmfy[, rm[
. (1993). 载新华通讯社译名室 编,《世界人名翻译大辞典》[A dictionary for the translation of personal names of the world] (第1版, p. ). 北京: 中国对外翻译出版公司.→sjrdc, rmfdc, sjrmc, rmfyc, rmc
(张震久, 袁宪军 主编,《汉英中国专有名称和术语简明词典》, 1994)→hyzd[, hyzg[, zgzy[, zysy[
. (1994). 载张震久、袁宪军 主编,《汉英中国专有名称和术语简明词典》[A concise Chinese-English dictionary of Chinese proper names and terms] (p. ). 北京: 北京大学出版社.→hyzdc, hyzgc, zgzyc, zysyc
(FOLDOC [Free on-line dictionary of computing]. Retrieved , from http://foldoc.org)→folce[, folc[, dicoe[, dico[
. (n.d.). In Denis Howe (Ed.). FOLDOC (Free on-line dictionary of computing). Retrieved , from http://foldoc.org→folcec, folcc, dicoec, dicoc
(Investopedia. Retrieved , from Investopedia ULC website: http://www.investopedia.com)→invee[, inpee[, inve[, inpe[, ip[
. (20). In Investopedia. Retrieved from Investopedia ULC website: http://www.investopedia.com→inveec, inpeec, invec, inpec, ipc
(《LexisNexis 英汉法律词典》)→lnyd[, lene[, yhfd[
. (n.d.). In《LexisNexis 英汉法律词典》. Retrieved via Kevin Yau (2010), Lingoes Translator 2 (Version 2.7.1) [Computer software] (Available from http://www.lingoes.net).→lnydc, lenec, yhfdc
(Merriam-Webster’s Medical Desk Dictionary, 2002 [Rev. ed.])→mwmd[, mewe[, mdd[
. (n.d.). In Merriam-Webster’s medical desk dictionary. Retrieved via Kevin Yau (2010), Lingoes Translator 2 (Version 2.7.1) [Computer software] (Available from http://www.lingoes.net).→mwmdc, mewec, mddc
(《英汉联合国术语词典》)→yhld[, yhlde[, lhgsy[, lhgsye[
. (2006). 载《英汉联合国术语词典》. 检索自Kevin Yau (2010), Lingoes Translator 2 (2.7.1版) [计算机软件] (下载：http://www.lingoes.net).→yhldec, yhldc, lhgsyec, lhgsyc, untermec, untermc
(. [19]. 载全国科学技术名词审定委员会 [审定],《英汉学名词》)→kjmc[, mcw[, mc[, 名词[, 名词委[
. (19). 载全国科学技术名词审定委员会 (审定),《英汉学名词》. Retrieved via Hu Zheng & Evgeniy (2005-2007), StarDict (Version 3.0.1) [计算机软件] (下载：http://stardict.sourceforge.net/).→kjmcc, mcwc, mcc, 名词c, 名词委c
(. [n.d.]. In UNTERM Search. Retrieved , from http://unterm.un.org)→untee[, unterm[, unterme[
. (n.d.). In UNTERM Search. Retrieved , from http://unterm.un.org→unteec, untermc, untermec
(. [n.d.]. In UNESCOTERM Search. Retrieved , from http://unesdoc.unesco.org)→unes[, unte[
. (n.d.). In UNESCOTERM Search. Retrieved , from http://unesdoc.unesco.org→unesc, untec
(Farrell, J. G. [1988]. The Siege of Krishnapur. In M. Davies [2004-], BYU-BNC: The British National Corpus [BNC] [Corpus]. Retrieved from http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc)→corp[
Farrell, J. G. (1988). The siege of Krishnapur. In M. Davies (2004-), BYU-BNC: The British National Corpus (BNC) [Corpus]. Retrieved from http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc→corpc
(BNC)→bn
( , . [19 ]. . In M. Davies [2004-], BYU-BNC: The British National Corpus [BNC] [Corpus]. Retrieved from http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc)→bbnc[, bnc[
, . (19 ). . In M. Davies, (2004-) BYU-BNC: The British National Corpus (BNC) [Corpus]. Retrieved from http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc→bbncc, bncc
(COCA)→coc
( , . [20 ]. . In M. Davies [2008-], The Corpus of Contemporary American English [COCA] [Corpus]. Retrieved from http://www.americancorpus.org)→coca[
, . (20 ). . In M. Davies (2008-), The Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) [Corpus]. Retrieved from http://www.americancorpus.org→cocac
(OANC)→an
( , . [20 ]. . In N. Ide & K. Suderman [2007], The Open American National Corpus [OANC] [Corpus]. Available from http://www.AmericanNationalCorpus.org/OANC)→oanc[, anc[
, . (20 ). . In N. Ide & K. Suderman (2007), The Open American National Corpus (OANC) [Corpus]. Available from http://www.AmericanNationalCorpus.org/OANC→oancc, ancc
(国家语委现代汉语语料库)→gy, xh
(, . [19 ]. . 载中国教育部语言文字应用研究所 [无出版日期], 国家语委现代汉语（通用平衡）语料库 [Corpus]. 检索自http://www.cncorpus.org/ccindex.aspx)→gyxy[, gjyw[, xhy[
, . (19 ). . 载中国教育部语言文字应用研究所 (无出版日期), 国家语委现代汉语（通用平衡）语料库 [Corpus]. 检索自http://www.cncorpus.org/ccindex.aspx [语料库在线]→gyxyc, xhyc
(中英双语在线)→zs, sz
(, . [19 ]. . 载北京外国语大学中国外语教育研究中心 [2003], 中英双语在线 [Chinese-English Online] [Corpus]. 检索自http://202.204.128.82/CEO)→zsz[, syzx[
, . (19 ). . 载北京外国语大学中国外语教育研究中心 (2003), 中英双语在线 [Chinese-English Online] [Corpus]. , 检索自http://202.204.128.82/CEO→zszc, syzxc
(Babel E/C Parallel Concordancer)→ba
(, . [19 ]. . In Richard Xiao [2008], The Babel English-Chinese Parallel Concordancer [Corpus]. Retrieved from http://score.crpp.nie.edu.sg/cgi-bin/babel/paraconc.plx)→bepc[, babel[
, . (19 ). . In Richard Xiao (2008), The Babel English-Chinese Parallel Concordancer [Corpus]. Retrieved from http://score.crpp.nie.edu.sg/cgi-bin/babel/paraconc.pl→bepcc, babelc
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{data file [a set of related records (either written or electronic) kept together (WordNet)]}
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{Note: Use “Available from” to indicate that the URL will lead users to a download site rather than directly to the data. (APA. [2007]. APA style guide to electronic references. Washington, DC: APA. 24 pp.; my emphasis)}
Peterson, L. (1999). Transforming the daily life of the classroom: The district six laptop project. Montreal: Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED437028)→erdoc, ericc
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Roland, W. M. (2001). Measured rates of glacial melting in 4 locations (ORSI Polar Research Institute Report No. 14). Abstract retrieved from http://www.orsi.edu/npri/14.htm→atrc, trac, reabc
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Harris, B. (2003, March 4). Version tracking: Keeping records of editorial changes. Message posted to TheWriteDirection electronic mailing list, archived at http://writedirection.net/mail-archive/msg00124.html→mpelec, emlec
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{Note: If a movie or video tape is not available in wide distribution, add the following to your citation after the country of origin: (Available from Distributor name, full address and zip code), e.g. “Harris, M. (Producer), & Turley, M. J. (Director). (2002). Writing labs: A history [Motion picture]. (Available from Purdue University Pictures, 500 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907)”. (OWL, Purdue U. [1995-]. APA Formatting and Style Guide. Retrieved April 5, 2009, from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/apaformattingandstyleguide.htm)}
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{Note: Do not cite standard office software (e.g. Word, Excel) or programming languages. Provide references only for specialized software, e.g. “Ludwig, T. (2002). PsychInquiry [Computer software]. New York: Worth.” For a software that is downloaded from a website, the version and the date of downloading should be provided when available.}
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Snell-Hornby, Mary. (2001). Translation Studies: An Integrated Approach. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
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[Recent modifications to this file: February, 2009; May, 2010; June, 2011; July, 2012; August, 2013; September, 2014; March, 2015; May 2016; April, 2017; May, 2022]